See ur- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ur- meaning in All languages combined (24.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German ur-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ur-",
"4": "ir-, ur-",
"5": "thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ir-, ur- (“thoroughly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"4": "",
"5": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*uds-",
"4": "",
"5": "up, out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*úd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *úd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "oer-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch oer-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "or-"
},
"expansion": "English or-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German ur-, originally from Old High German ir-, ur- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”), from Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”), from Proto-Indo-European *úd (same meaning). Cognate with Dutch oer-, English or-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "arch-"
},
{
"word": "archi-"
},
{
"word": "archo-"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ur-ancestor"
},
{
"word": "ur-bird"
},
{
"word": "ur-continent"
},
{
"word": "ur-culture"
},
{
"word": "urelement"
},
{
"word": "ur-fascism"
},
{
"word": "urfly"
},
{
"word": "urfolk"
},
{
"word": "ur-form"
},
{
"word": "Ur-Germanic"
},
{
"word": "ur-Hamlet"
},
{
"word": "ur-hero"
},
{
"word": "ur-homeland"
},
{
"word": "ur-language"
},
{
"word": "ur-mind"
},
{
"word": "ur-myth"
},
{
"word": "ur-ocean"
},
{
"word": "ur-poem"
},
{
"word": "ur-race"
},
{
"word": "ur-science"
},
{
"word": "ur-source"
},
{
"word": "ur-speech"
},
{
"word": "urtext"
},
{
"word": "ur-type"
},
{
"word": "ur-vogel"
},
{
"word": "ur-word"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, John Adcox, 'Can Fantasy be Myth? Mythopoeia and The Lord of the Rings', The Newsletter of the Mythic Imagination Institutehttp://www.mythicjourneys.org/passages/septoct2003/newsletterp8.html",
"text": "Some stories reach deeper, into the most primal and profound truths. They mirror, in new and original ways, the Ur-myth, the act of creation itself."
},
{
"ref": "2007, Max Rodenbeck, ‘Lebanon's Agony’, New York Review of Books, volume 54, number 11",
"text": "Lebanon ultimately remains hostage to the regional ur-conflict over Palestine.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming words with the sense of “proto-, primitive, original”."
],
"id": "en-ur--en-prefix-KLMvmc9r",
"links": [
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Urheimat"
},
{
"word": "urheimat"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ur-"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "oer-"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ur-"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ős-"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "buż-"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pra-",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "пра-"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ur-"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʊə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɝ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ir-",
"3": "",
"4": "thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "ir- (“thoroughly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"4": "",
"5": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German ur-, from Old High German ur-, ir- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 43 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Woid (“forest”) → Urwoid (“primeval forest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + Knoi (“bang”) → Urknoi (“Big Bang”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ur- (proto-, primitive, original)"
],
"id": "en-ur--bar-prefix-vf-rANv9",
"links": [
[
"ur-",
"#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 43 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Opa (“grandfather”) → Uropa (“great-grandfather”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + Großtant (“great-aunt”) → Urgroßtant (“great-great-aunt”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great-; indicates an additional generation of separation between relatives"
],
"id": "en-ur--bar-prefix-cmq191fg",
"links": [
[
"great-",
"great-"
],
[
"generation",
"generation#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Viennese German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "45 43 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + oid (“old”) → uroid (“ancient”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + teier (“expensive”) → urteier (“very expensive”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + klaa (“small”) → urklaa (“very small, tiny”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"id": "en-ur--bar-prefix-j60bncUV",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"qualifier": "Vienna",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly East Central, Vienna) very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"Central",
"East",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/uɐ̯/"
},
{
"ipa": "/uːɐ̯/"
},
{
"homophone": "Uhr"
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "prefix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "da-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ur-, proto-"
],
"id": "en-ur--da-prefix-aPQ0S2Yi",
"links": [
[
"ur-",
"ur-#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ur-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: ur-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: ur-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "oer-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: oer-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: oer-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ir-",
"3": "",
"4": "thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "ir- (“thoroughly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"4": "",
"5": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German ur-, from Old High German ur-, ir- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"word": "Urfaust"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"word": "Urmonotheismus"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Schrei (“scream”) → Urschrei (“primal scream”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + Wald (“forest”) → Urwald (“primeval forest”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ur- (proto-, primitive, original)"
],
"id": "en-ur--de-prefix-vf-rANv9",
"links": [
[
"ur-",
"#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Opa (“grandfather”) → Uropa (“great-grandfather”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great-; indicates an additional generation of separation between relatives"
],
"id": "en-ur--de-prefix-cmq191fg",
"links": [
[
"great-",
"great-"
],
[
"generation",
"generation#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Austrian German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "29 28 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 22 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German intensifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + alt (“old”) → uralt (“ancient”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + gemütlich (“cosy”) → urgemütlich (“very cosy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"id": "en-ur--de-prefix-j60bncUV",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(especially Austria) very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"Austria",
"especially",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/uːɐ̯/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔuːɐ̯]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʊʁ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔʊɐ̯]"
},
{
"audio": "De-ur-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/De-ur-.ogg/De-ur-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/De-ur-.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌿𐍂-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌿𐍂-"
],
"id": "en-ur--got-romanization-3wCYNCBz",
"links": [
[
"𐌿𐍂-",
"𐌿𐍂-#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "air-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish air-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "ar",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish air-, ur-. Akin to ar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "n-ur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "hur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-h"
]
},
{
"form": "t-ur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-t"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn"
},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ro-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 3 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before, ante-, pro-"
],
"id": "en-ur--ga-prefix-WQB0ts3Z",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"ante-",
"ante-"
],
[
"pro-",
"pro-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"very"
],
"id": "en-ur--ga-prefix-TGpIOfg9",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"qualifier": "intensifying",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intensifying) very"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "over, superior, super-; outer, external; great, extreme",
"word": "for-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of for- (“over, superior, super-; outer, external; great, extreme”)"
],
"id": "en-ur--ga-prefix-jSlzP4th",
"links": [
[
"for-",
"for-#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʊɾˠ/",
"tags": [
"Connacht",
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʌɾˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "de",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German ur-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German ur-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"primeval, primordial, primitive, proto-"
],
"id": "en-ur--nb-prefix-5EL4gDAl",
"links": [
[
"primeval",
"primeval#English"
],
[
"primordial",
"primordial#English"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"first, original"
],
"id": "en-ur--nb-prefix-ZAY4MEbo",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first#English"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"exceedingly, extremely, very (in adjectives)"
],
"id": "en-ur--nb-prefix-49hfeuTF",
"links": [
[
"exceedingly",
"exceedingly#English"
],
[
"extremely",
"extremely#English"
],
[
"very",
"very#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "de",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German ur-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German ur-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"primeval, primordial, primitive, proto-"
],
"id": "en-ur--nn-prefix-5EL4gDAl",
"links": [
[
"primeval",
"primeval#English"
],
[
"primordial",
"primordial#English"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"first, original"
],
"id": "en-ur--nn-prefix-ZAY4MEbo",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first#English"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"exceedingly, extremely, very (in adjectives)"
],
"id": "en-ur--nn-prefix-49hfeuTF",
"links": [
[
"exceedingly",
"exceedingly#English"
],
[
"extremely",
"extremely#English"
],
[
"very",
"very#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ur-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ur-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German: ur-\n→ English: ur-\n→ Dutch: oer-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "German: ur-\n→ English: ur-\n→ Dutch: oer-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "אור־"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: אור־ (ur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: אור־ (ur-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "goh-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thoroughly"
],
"id": "en-ur--goh-prefix-aj3WvVeP",
"links": [
[
"thoroughly",
"thoroughly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Protozoa",
"word": "urdjur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "indigenous people",
"word": "urinvånare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "primeval forest",
"word": "urskog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "godawful",
"word": "urusel"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He's super old",
"text": "Han är urgammal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She's super silly",
"text": "Hon är urfånig",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very, super-"
],
"id": "en-ur--sv-prefix-qntRc5f4",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
],
[
"super-",
"super-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, intensifier) very, super-"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "as-"
},
{
"word": "gör-"
},
{
"word": "jätte-"
},
{
"word": "skit-"
},
{
"word": "svin-"
},
{
"word": "vrål-"
},
{
"word": "bauta-"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative",
"usually"
],
"word": "piss-"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"emphatic",
"intensifier",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"aboriginal, primeval, proto-, original (with general connotations of old)"
],
"id": "en-ur--sv-prefix-HVGZUTey",
"links": [
[
"aboriginal",
"aboriginal"
],
[
"primeval",
"primeval"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "вӑр",
"t": "to beat"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: вӑр (văr, “to beat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: вӑр (văr, “to beat”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "hurmaq"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: hurmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: hurmaq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "vurmaq"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: vurmaq\n→ Khalaj: vurmaq",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: vurmaq\n→ Khalaj: vurmaq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اورمق",
"tr": "urmak"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: اورمق (urmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: اورمق (urmak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "vurmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: vurmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: vurmak"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "urmaa"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: urmaa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: urmaa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "vur"
},
"expansion": "Salar: vur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: vur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "urmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: urmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: urmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (ur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (ur-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "urmoq"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: urmoq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: urmoq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ئۇرماق"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: ئۇرماق (urmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: ئۇرماق (urmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ороу",
"tr": "orow"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ороу (orow)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ороу (orow)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "urmaq"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: urmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: urmaq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "урургъа"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: урургъа (ururğa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: урургъа (ururğa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "урмакъ"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: урмакъ (urmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: урмакъ (urmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "уруу"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: уруу (uruu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: уруу (uruu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "урар"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: урар (urar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: урар (urar)."
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "ұру"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: ұру (ūru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: ұру (ūru)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "ур-"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: ур- (ur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: ур- (ur-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*hur-"
},
"expansion": "*hur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*por-",
"t": "to hit, beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *por- (“to hit, beat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*urug"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *urug",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*(h)üre-",
"3": "",
"4": "to strew, scatter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *(h)üre- (“to strew, scatter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*hüre",
"3": "",
"4": "seed, child, descendant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *hüre (“seed, child, descendant”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Alternatively, it is reconstructed as *hur-, which could be a comparing to Proto-Tungusic *por- (“to hit, beat”). In the reconstruction, it is assumed the origin of the word Proto-Turkic *urug, as compared to the Proto-Mongolic *(h)üre- (“to strew, scatter”) and Proto-Mongolic *hüre (“seed, child, descendant”). But it is denied that (h)ur- is origin of urug.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ur-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to beat, hit"
],
"id": "en-ur--trk-pro-verb-78pMFOBx",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to beat, hit"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pour, strew"
],
"id": "en-ur--trk-pro-verb-ieMBHG6W",
"links": [
[
"pour",
"pour"
],
[
"strew",
"strew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pour, strew"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bavarian lemmas",
"Bavarian prefixes",
"Bavarian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms derived from Old High German",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Old High German",
"Bavarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bavarian terms with homophones"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ir-",
"3": "",
"4": "thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "ir- (“thoroughly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"4": "",
"5": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German ur-, from Old High German ur-, ir- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Woid (“forest”) → Urwoid (“primeval forest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + Knoi (“bang”) → Urknoi (“Big Bang”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ur- (proto-, primitive, original)"
],
"links": [
[
"ur-",
"#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Opa (“grandfather”) → Uropa (“great-grandfather”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + Großtant (“great-aunt”) → Urgroßtant (“great-great-aunt”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great-; indicates an additional generation of separation between relatives"
],
"links": [
[
"great-",
"great-"
],
[
"generation",
"generation#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Viennese German"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + oid (“old”) → uroid (“ancient”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + teier (“expensive”) → urteier (“very expensive”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + klaa (“small”) → urklaa (“very small, tiny”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"qualifier": "Vienna",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly East Central, Vienna) very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"Central",
"East",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/uɐ̯/"
},
{
"ipa": "/uːɐ̯/"
},
{
"homophone": "Uhr"
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "prefix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "da-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"ur-, proto-"
],
"links": [
[
"ur-",
"ur-#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "arch-"
},
{
"word": "archi-"
},
{
"word": "archo-"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ur-ancestor"
},
{
"word": "ur-bird"
},
{
"word": "ur-continent"
},
{
"word": "ur-culture"
},
{
"word": "urelement"
},
{
"word": "ur-fascism"
},
{
"word": "urfly"
},
{
"word": "urfolk"
},
{
"word": "ur-form"
},
{
"word": "Ur-Germanic"
},
{
"word": "ur-Hamlet"
},
{
"word": "ur-hero"
},
{
"word": "ur-homeland"
},
{
"word": "ur-language"
},
{
"word": "ur-mind"
},
{
"word": "ur-myth"
},
{
"word": "ur-ocean"
},
{
"word": "ur-poem"
},
{
"word": "ur-race"
},
{
"word": "ur-science"
},
{
"word": "ur-source"
},
{
"word": "ur-speech"
},
{
"word": "urtext"
},
{
"word": "ur-type"
},
{
"word": "ur-vogel"
},
{
"word": "ur-word"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German ur-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ur-",
"4": "ir-, ur-",
"5": "thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ir-, ur- (“thoroughly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"4": "",
"5": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*uds-",
"4": "",
"5": "up, out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*úd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *úd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "oer-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch oer-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "or-"
},
"expansion": "English or-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German ur-, originally from Old High German ir-, ur- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”), from Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”), from Proto-Indo-European *úd (same meaning). Cognate with Dutch oer-, English or-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "Urheimat"
},
{
"word": "urheimat"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old High German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, John Adcox, 'Can Fantasy be Myth? Mythopoeia and The Lord of the Rings', The Newsletter of the Mythic Imagination Institutehttp://www.mythicjourneys.org/passages/septoct2003/newsletterp8.html",
"text": "Some stories reach deeper, into the most primal and profound truths. They mirror, in new and original ways, the Ur-myth, the act of creation itself."
},
{
"ref": "2007, Max Rodenbeck, ‘Lebanon's Agony’, New York Review of Books, volume 54, number 11",
"text": "Lebanon ultimately remains hostage to the regional ur-conflict over Palestine.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming words with the sense of “proto-, primitive, original”."
],
"links": [
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʊə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɝ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ur-"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "oer-"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ur-"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ős-"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "buż-"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pra-",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "пра-"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming words with the sense of 'primitive'",
"word": "ur-"
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German intensifiers",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"German terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Urfaust"
},
{
"word": "Urmonotheismus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ur-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: ur-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: ur-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "oer-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: oer-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: oer-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ur-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ir-",
"3": "",
"4": "thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "ir- (“thoroughly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"4": "",
"5": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German ur-, from Old High German ur-, ir- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Schrei (“scream”) → Urschrei (“primal scream”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + Wald (“forest”) → Urwald (“primeval forest”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ur- (proto-, primitive, original)"
],
"links": [
[
"ur-",
"#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + Opa (“grandfather”) → Uropa (“great-grandfather”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great-; indicates an additional generation of separation between relatives"
],
"links": [
[
"great-",
"great-"
],
[
"generation",
"generation#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Austrian German"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ur- + alt (“old”) → uralt (“ancient”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ur- + gemütlich (“cosy”) → urgemütlich (“very cosy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(especially Austria) very; used to intensify adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"Austria",
"especially",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/uːɐ̯/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔuːɐ̯]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʊʁ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔʊɐ̯]"
},
{
"audio": "De-ur-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/De-ur-.ogg/De-ur-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/De-ur-.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌿𐍂-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌿𐍂-"
],
"links": [
[
"𐌿𐍂-",
"𐌿𐍂-#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish prefixes",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "air-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish air-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "ar",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish air-, ur-. Akin to ar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "n-ur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "hur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-h"
]
},
{
"form": "t-ur-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-t"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn"
},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "an-"
},
{
"word": "ro-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"before, ante-, pro-"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"ante-",
"ante-"
],
[
"pro-",
"pro-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"very"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"qualifier": "intensifying",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intensifying) very"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "over, superior, super-; outer, external; great, extreme",
"word": "for-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of for- (“over, superior, super-; outer, external; great, extreme”)"
],
"links": [
[
"for-",
"for-#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʊɾˠ/",
"tags": [
"Connacht",
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʌɾˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "de",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German ur-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German ur-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"primeval, primordial, primitive, proto-"
],
"links": [
[
"primeval",
"primeval#English"
],
[
"primordial",
"primordial#English"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"first, original"
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first#English"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"exceedingly, extremely, very (in adjectives)"
],
"links": [
[
"exceedingly",
"exceedingly#English"
],
[
"extremely",
"extremely#English"
],
[
"very",
"very#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "de",
"3": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German ur-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German ur-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"primeval, primordial, primitive, proto-"
],
"links": [
[
"primeval",
"primeval#English"
],
[
"primordial",
"primordial#English"
],
[
"primitive",
"primitive#English"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"first, original"
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first#English"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"exceedingly, extremely, very (in adjectives)"
],
"links": [
[
"exceedingly",
"exceedingly#English"
],
[
"extremely",
"extremely#English"
],
[
"very",
"very#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ur-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ur-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "German: ur-\n→ English: ur-\n→ Dutch: oer-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "German: ur-\n→ English: ur-\n→ Dutch: oer-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "אור־"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: אור־ (ur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: אור־ (ur-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "goh-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German prefixes",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"thoroughly"
],
"links": [
[
"thoroughly",
"thoroughly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic verbs",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "вӑр",
"t": "to beat"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: вӑр (văr, “to beat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: вӑр (văr, “to beat”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "hurmaq"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: hurmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: hurmaq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "vurmaq"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: vurmaq\n→ Khalaj: vurmaq",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: vurmaq\n→ Khalaj: vurmaq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اورمق",
"tr": "urmak"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: اورمق (urmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: اورمق (urmak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "vurmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: vurmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: vurmak"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "urmaa"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: urmaa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: urmaa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "vur"
},
"expansion": "Salar: vur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: vur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "urmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: urmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: urmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "ur-"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (ur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (ur-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "urmoq"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: urmoq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: urmoq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ئۇرماق"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: ئۇرماق (urmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: ئۇرماق (urmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ороу",
"tr": "orow"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ороу (orow)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ороу (orow)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "urmaq"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: urmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: urmaq"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "урургъа"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: урургъа (ururğa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: урургъа (ururğa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "урмакъ"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: урмакъ (urmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: урмакъ (urmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "уруу"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: уруу (uruu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: уруу (uruu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "урар"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: урар (urar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: урар (urar)."
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "ұру"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: ұру (ūru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: ұру (ūru)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "ур-"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: ур- (ur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: ур- (ur-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*hur-"
},
"expansion": "*hur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*por-",
"t": "to hit, beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *por- (“to hit, beat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*urug"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *urug",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*(h)üre-",
"3": "",
"4": "to strew, scatter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *(h)üre- (“to strew, scatter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*hüre",
"3": "",
"4": "seed, child, descendant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *hüre (“seed, child, descendant”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Alternatively, it is reconstructed as *hur-, which could be a comparing to Proto-Tungusic *por- (“to hit, beat”). In the reconstruction, it is assumed the origin of the word Proto-Turkic *urug, as compared to the Proto-Mongolic *(h)üre- (“to strew, scatter”) and Proto-Mongolic *hüre (“seed, child, descendant”). But it is denied that (h)ur- is origin of urug.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ur-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, hit"
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to beat, hit"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to pour, strew"
],
"links": [
[
"pour",
"pour"
],
[
"strew",
"strew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pour, strew"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Protozoa",
"word": "urdjur"
},
{
"english": "indigenous people",
"word": "urinvånare"
},
{
"english": "primeval forest",
"word": "urskog"
},
{
"english": "godawful",
"word": "urusel"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ur-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish colloquialisms",
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He's super old",
"text": "Han är urgammal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She's super silly",
"text": "Hon är urfånig",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very, super-"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
],
[
"super-",
"super-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, intensifier) very, super-"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "as-"
},
{
"word": "gör-"
},
{
"word": "jätte-"
},
{
"word": "skit-"
},
{
"word": "svin-"
},
{
"word": "vrål-"
},
{
"word": "bauta-"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative",
"usually"
],
"word": "piss-"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"emphatic",
"intensifier",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"aboriginal, primeval, proto-, original (with general connotations of old)"
],
"links": [
[
"aboriginal",
"aboriginal"
],
[
"primeval",
"primeval"
],
[
"proto-",
"proto-"
],
[
"original",
"original"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ur-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.