"ro-" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "ró-"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Cois Fharraige Irish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Cois Fharraige form of ró-"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--ga-prefix-vR8ZmFMB",
      "links": [
        [
          "ró-",
          "ró-#Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cois-Fharraige",
        "alt-of",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɾˠə/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "patient"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "moh-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Mohawk",
  "lang_code": "moh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "He ____ (patient)"
        },
        {
          "text": "It/she ____ him"
        },
        {
          "text": "He ____ him"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pronominal prefix for"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--moh-prefix-pPjPbeWI",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ɸro-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸro-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pro-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "forth, forward"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*per-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to go forth, cross"
      },
      "expansion": "*per- (“to go forth, cross”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πρό"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πρό (pró)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "prō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "fram"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fram",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸro-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”), from the root *per- (“to go forth, cross”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πρό (pró), Latin prō, and Old English fram.\nIn Old Irish ro- is the main preverb used as the augment indicating resultative or potential action. In pre-Old Irish its function was to turn an atelic verb into a telic verb, shown by the fact that certain inherently telic verbs remain immune to augmentation with ro- (or similar preverbs). It can therefore be inferred to have previously been a marker of the perfective aspect, but this can no longer be said to be the case in Old Irish proper.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "it is the cry that they make [unaugm.] when their enemies are/have been routed [augm.] before them",
          "text": "is in núall do·ngniat hó ru·maith fora naimtea remib",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates anterior completion"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--sga-prefix-QjOzJeYw",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 56 11 7 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. early 8th century, Notes in the Book of Armagh, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, pp. 238-43: p. 141.14-16",
          "text": "Is di-sin didiu fu·rráith Fiacc Find Dubthach 7 berrsi Pátricc 7 baitzisi. Du·bbert grád n-epscoip fair conic é epscop insin cita-ru·oirtned la Laigniu 7 du·bbert Pátricc cumtach du Fíacc\nIt is thereupon, then, that Fiacc the Fair took [unaugm.] the place of Dubthach, and Patrick tonsured [unaugm.] him and baptized [unaugm.] him. He conferred [unaugm.] the order of bishop upon him, so that he is the bishop who was first ordained [augm.] among the Leinstermen, and Patrick gave [unaugm.] a case to Fíacc.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms a non-narrative past tense (sometimes called the perfect, used to denote that an event is to be considered outside of the strictly chronological order)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--sga-prefix-E4pJbK9W",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with the preterite) forms a non-narrative past tense (sometimes called the perfect, used to denote that an event is to be considered outside of the strictly chronological order)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the preterite"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "for the works of God cannot be falsified",
          "text": "air ní-ru·guigter gnímai Dé",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates possibility or ability"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--sga-prefix-qExyBEfA",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "con·icc"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "may it not escape from you",
          "text": "ní-ro·héla úait",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to change jussive subjunctive into a weaker expression of wish"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--sga-prefix-~5ZR3OIF",
      "links": [
        [
          "jussive",
          "w:jussive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with subjunctive) used to change jussive subjunctive into a weaker expression of wish"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "with-subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + bec (“small”) → rubec (“very small”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + már (“large”) → romár (“very large”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + ocus (“near”) → ro-ocus (“very near”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates a high degree: very"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--sga-prefix-NRl1bIR9",
      "links": [
        [
          "very",
          "very"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with an adjective) indicates a high degree: very"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/r͈o/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ru-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ro"
      },
      "expansion": "ro",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See ro.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
  "lang_code": "gd",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ro"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“pre-”) + ràit (“speaking”) → ro-ràite (“previously mentioned”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“pre-”) + suidhich (“arrange”) → ro-shuidhich (“to pre-arrange; to schedule”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pre-"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--gd-prefix--vPJRdyO",
      "links": [
        [
          "pre-",
          "pre-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 92 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + mòr (“large”) → ro-mhòr (“huge; vast”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + tioram (“dry”) → ro-thioram (“very dry; arid”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ultra-, extremely"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--gd-prefix-wi2~fWwo",
      "links": [
        [
          "ultra-",
          "ultra-"
        ],
        [
          "extremely",
          "extremely"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“too”) + bruich (“cooked”) → ro-bhruich (“over-cooked”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“too”) + meud (“many; much”) → ro-mheud (“too many; too much”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "over-, too (comparative)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro--gd-prefix-vQ7RGbS2",
      "links": [
        [
          "over-",
          "over-"
        ],
        [
          "too",
          "too"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "ró-"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Cois Fharraige Irish",
        "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Irish lemmas",
        "Irish prefixes",
        "Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Cois Fharraige form of ró-"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ró-",
          "ró-#Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cois-Fharraige",
        "alt-of",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɾˠə/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "patient"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "moh-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Mohawk",
  "lang_code": "moh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
        "Mohawk lemmas",
        "Mohawk patient pronominal prefixes",
        "Mohawk prefixes",
        "Mohawk terms with redundant head parameter"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "He ____ (patient)"
        },
        {
          "text": "It/she ____ him"
        },
        {
          "text": "He ____ him"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pronominal prefix for"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish prefixes",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ɸro-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸro-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pro-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "forth, forward"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*per-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to go forth, cross"
      },
      "expansion": "*per- (“to go forth, cross”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πρό"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πρό (pró)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "prō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "fram"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fram",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸro-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”), from the root *per- (“to go forth, cross”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πρό (pró), Latin prō, and Old English fram.\nIn Old Irish ro- is the main preverb used as the augment indicating resultative or potential action. In pre-Old Irish its function was to turn an atelic verb into a telic verb, shown by the fact that certain inherently telic verbs remain immune to augmentation with ro- (or similar preverbs). It can therefore be inferred to have previously been a marker of the perfective aspect, but this can no longer be said to be the case in Old Irish proper.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "it is the cry that they make [unaugm.] when their enemies are/have been routed [augm.] before them",
          "text": "is in núall do·ngniat hó ru·maith fora naimtea remib",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates anterior completion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. early 8th century, Notes in the Book of Armagh, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, pp. 238-43: p. 141.14-16",
          "text": "Is di-sin didiu fu·rráith Fiacc Find Dubthach 7 berrsi Pátricc 7 baitzisi. Du·bbert grád n-epscoip fair conic é epscop insin cita-ru·oirtned la Laigniu 7 du·bbert Pátricc cumtach du Fíacc\nIt is thereupon, then, that Fiacc the Fair took [unaugm.] the place of Dubthach, and Patrick tonsured [unaugm.] him and baptized [unaugm.] him. He conferred [unaugm.] the order of bishop upon him, so that he is the bishop who was first ordained [augm.] among the Leinstermen, and Patrick gave [unaugm.] a case to Fíacc.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms a non-narrative past tense (sometimes called the perfect, used to denote that an event is to be considered outside of the strictly chronological order)"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with the preterite) forms a non-narrative past tense (sometimes called the perfect, used to denote that an event is to be considered outside of the strictly chronological order)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the preterite"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "for the works of God cannot be falsified",
          "text": "air ní-ru·guigter gnímai Dé",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates possibility or ability"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "con·icc"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "may it not escape from you",
          "text": "ní-ro·héla úait",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to change jussive subjunctive into a weaker expression of wish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jussive",
          "w:jussive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with subjunctive) used to change jussive subjunctive into a weaker expression of wish"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "with-subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + bec (“small”) → rubec (“very small”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + már (“large”) → romár (“very large”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + ocus (“near”) → ro-ocus (“very near”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates a high degree: very"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "very",
          "very"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with an adjective) indicates a high degree: very"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/r͈o/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ru-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
    "Scottish Gaelic prefixes"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ro"
      },
      "expansion": "ro",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See ro.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ro-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
  "lang_code": "gd",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ro"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“pre-”) + ràit (“speaking”) → ro-ràite (“previously mentioned”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“pre-”) + suidhich (“arrange”) → ro-shuidhich (“to pre-arrange; to schedule”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pre-"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pre-",
          "pre-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + mòr (“large”) → ro-mhòr (“huge; vast”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“very”) + tioram (“dry”) → ro-thioram (“very dry; arid”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ultra-, extremely"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ultra-",
          "ultra-"
        ],
        [
          "extremely",
          "extremely"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ro- (“too”) + bruich (“cooked”) → ro-bhruich (“over-cooked”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ro- (“too”) + meud (“many; much”) → ro-mheud (“too many; too much”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "over-, too (comparative)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "over-",
          "over-"
        ],
        [
          "too",
          "too"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro-"
}