See stronghold on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for stronghold meaning in All languages combined (22.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "strong-hold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English strong-hold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "strong-holde"
},
"expansion": "strong-holde",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "stranghalde"
},
"expansion": "stranghalde",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "strong",
"3": "hold"
},
"expansion": "strong + hold",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "strong",
"4": "",
"5": "having physical strength, sturdy, strong; built to withstand assaults, fortified"
},
"expansion": "Middle English strong (“having physical strength, sturdy, strong; built to withstand assaults, fortified”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "strang"
},
"expansion": "Old English strang",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "strong",
"3": "",
"4": "strong"
},
"expansion": "strong (“strong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strengʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, tight"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“stiff, tight”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hōld",
"4": "",
"5": "grasp, grip; control, possession, rule"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hōld (“grasp, grip; control, possession, rule”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English strong-hold, strong-holde, stranghalde (equivalent to strong + hold), from Middle English strong (“having physical strength, sturdy, strong; built to withstand assaults, fortified”) (from Old English strang, strong (“strong”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“stiff, tight”)) + Middle English hōld (“grasp, grip; control, possession, rule”) (from Old English).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strongholds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stronghold (plural strongholds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"strong‧hold"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with consonant pseudo-digraphs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1513, Robert Fabyan, Henry Ellis, “Gallie Prouincia”, in The New Chronicles of England and France, in Two Parts; … Named by Himself the Concordance of Histories. Reprinted from Pynson’s Edition of 1516. The First Part Collated with the Editions of 1533, 1542, and 1559; and the Second with a Manuscript of the Author’s Own Time, as well as the Subsequent Editions: Including the Different Continuations. To which are Added a Biographical and Literary Preface, and an Index, volume V, London: F. C. and J. Rivington [et al.], published 1811, →OCLC, pars quinta [part V], capitulum lxxvii, page 56",
"text": "AFter this victory thus opteyned by the Sicambris, they waxed so stronge that they wan frome yᵉ Almaynes dyuers Townes & stronge holds wᵗin Germania, and after that they opteyned yᵉ famous Cytie named Treueris; which as wytnessyth yᵉ Auctour of Cronica Cronicaruin, was firste foundyd in the Towne of the Patryarch Abraham before the Incarnation of Criste.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1919, Rudolf Cronau, “Women during the Middle Ages”, in Woman Triumphant: The Story of Her Struggles for Freedom, Education and Political Rights: Dedicated to All Noble-minded Women by an Appreciative Member of the Other Sex, New York, N.Y.: Published by R. Cronau, 340 East 198th Street, New York, →OCLC, pages 84–85",
"text": "For security's sake they [the Germans] gathered together in villages and cities. These they surrounded with heavy walls and towers, and protected them by castles, erected on steep cliffs and mountains. The custody of these strongholds was entrusted to the most efficient warriors, who in time formed a separate class, the nobility, from which the heads of the whole nation, the princes, kings and emperors were chosen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Dr. Joseph Brennan, “Castles: ruined and redeemed by rail”, in RAIL, number 948, page 54",
"text": "As Edwin Clark [...] wrote in 1850: \"[...] The lofty towers of the castle overhang the western approach to the Bridge, and the line passes into Conway through an opening pierced in the embattled wall, which entirely surrounds the town. These fortifications are in good preservation, and rank among the most perfect examples of the strongholds of the 13th century.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place built to withstand attack; a fortress."
],
"id": "en-stronghold-en-noun-v76g1JwG",
"links": [
[
"built",
"build#Verb"
],
[
"withstand",
"withstand"
],
[
"attack",
"attack#Noun"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"word": "bulwark"
},
{
"word": "fastness"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥiṣn",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "حِصْن"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "krépascʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крэ́пасць"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "fartécyja",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фартэ́цыя"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cvjerdzʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "цвердзь"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "fartéca",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фартэ́ца"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ukreplenie",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "укрепление"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krépost",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кре́пост"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortalesa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pevnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrz"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "opevnění"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "borg"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fort"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vesting"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bolwerk"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "linnake"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "linnoitus"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "tukikohta"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "place forte"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortaleza"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Festung"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "tulgiþa",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐍄𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌹𐌸𐌰"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ochyró",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "οχυρό"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "froúrio",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φρούριο"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "okhúrōma",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ὀχύρωμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "éruma",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ἔρυμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "erőd"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daingean"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dún"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastione"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "binke",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "بنکە"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "arx"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "robur"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tvrdina",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тврдина"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krepost",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крепост"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fæsten"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hisar",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "حصار"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hısn",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "حصن"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "twierdza"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forteca"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "fortaleza"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortăreață"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krépostʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кре́пость"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "dùn"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pevnosť"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrdza"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "utrdba"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastión"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fuerte"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortaleza"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaza fuerte"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fäste"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "kale"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "hısn"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "fortécja",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "форте́ця"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "krípostʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крі́пость"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tverdýnja",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тверди́ня"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "cadarnle"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The last stronghold of the Cornish language.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter X, in The Last Man. [...] In Three Volumes, volume I, Paris: Published by A. and W[illiam] Galignani, at the French, English, Italian, German, and Spanish Library, No. 18, rue Vivienne, →OCLC, page 228",
"text": "With the numerous soldiers of Asia, with all of their warlike stores, ships, and military engines, that wealth and power could command, the Turks at once resolved to crush an enemy which, creeping on by degrees, had from their strong-hold in the Morea acquired Thrace and Macedonia, and had led their armies even to the gates of Constantinople, while their extensive commercial relations gave every European nation an interest in their success.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1949 November and December, K. Longbottom, “By Goods Train to Gweedore”, in Railway Magazine, page 353",
"text": "Bridge End is the border station and the scene of many a sad parting between enterprising shoppers and their purchases—for it is a stronghold of the Customs !—and half an hour is allowed in the timetable for examination and shunting.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015 May 10, Amy Sawitta Lefevre, “Thai King Leaves Hospital after Seven Months, Returns to Seaside Palace”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-12-28",
"text": "Thailand has been broadly split along north-south political lines since Thaksin [Shinawatra]'s ouster. A bastion of the conservative, pro-establishment Democrat Party, southern Thailand historically hosts much of the country's wealth and tourism. The poorer, agrarian north and northeast, where Thaksin's populist policies won him legions of supporters, remain Shinawatra strongholds.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 July 7, Ignatiy Vishnevetsky, “The Ambitious War For The Planet Of The Apes Ends Up Surrendering to Formula”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 2017-11-27",
"text": "It's in this horse-opera mode that War For The Planet Of The Apes finds its most rewarding rhythms: in the parallels between Caesar's woodland stronghold and the archetypal frontier settlements of Western fiction; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place of domination by, or refuge or survival of, a particular group or idea."
],
"id": "en-stronghold-en-noun-cyWYrb-z",
"links": [
[
"domination",
"domination"
],
[
"refuge",
"refuge"
],
[
"survival",
"survival"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"idea",
"idea"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A place of domination by, or refuge or survival of, a particular group or idea."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cvjardýnja",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "цвярды́ня"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "aplót",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "апло́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krepost",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крепост"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bašta"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "højborg"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bolwerk"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "háborg"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "tukialue"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "linnake"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "keskuspaikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "pääpaikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "tyyssija"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fief"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hochburg"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ochyró",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "οχυρό"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "aðalvígi"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baluardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbeg",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "збег"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "uporište",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "упориште"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "høyborg"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "høgborg"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oplót",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опло́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tverdýnja",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тверды́ня"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bašta"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baluarte"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reducto"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "refugio"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "högborg"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fäste"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bålverk"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "kale"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tverdýnja",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тверди́ня"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "óplit",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́пліт"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oplít",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оплі́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oplót",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опло́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "thành trì"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amddiffynfa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɹɒŋhəʊld/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɹɔŋˌhoʊld/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stronghold.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-stronghold.ogg/En-us-stronghold.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-stronghold.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-stronghold.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-au-stronghold.ogg/En-au-stronghold.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-stronghold.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Hamlet",
"Helsingør",
"Kronborg",
"William Shakespeare"
],
"word": "stronghold"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjective-noun compound nouns",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with consonant pseudo-digraphs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "strong-hold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English strong-hold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "strong-holde"
},
"expansion": "strong-holde",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "stranghalde"
},
"expansion": "stranghalde",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "strong",
"3": "hold"
},
"expansion": "strong + hold",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "strong",
"4": "",
"5": "having physical strength, sturdy, strong; built to withstand assaults, fortified"
},
"expansion": "Middle English strong (“having physical strength, sturdy, strong; built to withstand assaults, fortified”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "strang"
},
"expansion": "Old English strang",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "strong",
"3": "",
"4": "strong"
},
"expansion": "strong (“strong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strengʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, tight"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“stiff, tight”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hōld",
"4": "",
"5": "grasp, grip; control, possession, rule"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hōld (“grasp, grip; control, possession, rule”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English strong-hold, strong-holde, stranghalde (equivalent to strong + hold), from Middle English strong (“having physical strength, sturdy, strong; built to withstand assaults, fortified”) (from Old English strang, strong (“strong”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“stiff, tight”)) + Middle English hōld (“grasp, grip; control, possession, rule”) (from Old English).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strongholds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stronghold (plural strongholds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"strong‧hold"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1513, Robert Fabyan, Henry Ellis, “Gallie Prouincia”, in The New Chronicles of England and France, in Two Parts; … Named by Himself the Concordance of Histories. Reprinted from Pynson’s Edition of 1516. The First Part Collated with the Editions of 1533, 1542, and 1559; and the Second with a Manuscript of the Author’s Own Time, as well as the Subsequent Editions: Including the Different Continuations. To which are Added a Biographical and Literary Preface, and an Index, volume V, London: F. C. and J. Rivington [et al.], published 1811, →OCLC, pars quinta [part V], capitulum lxxvii, page 56",
"text": "AFter this victory thus opteyned by the Sicambris, they waxed so stronge that they wan frome yᵉ Almaynes dyuers Townes & stronge holds wᵗin Germania, and after that they opteyned yᵉ famous Cytie named Treueris; which as wytnessyth yᵉ Auctour of Cronica Cronicaruin, was firste foundyd in the Towne of the Patryarch Abraham before the Incarnation of Criste.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1919, Rudolf Cronau, “Women during the Middle Ages”, in Woman Triumphant: The Story of Her Struggles for Freedom, Education and Political Rights: Dedicated to All Noble-minded Women by an Appreciative Member of the Other Sex, New York, N.Y.: Published by R. Cronau, 340 East 198th Street, New York, →OCLC, pages 84–85",
"text": "For security's sake they [the Germans] gathered together in villages and cities. These they surrounded with heavy walls and towers, and protected them by castles, erected on steep cliffs and mountains. The custody of these strongholds was entrusted to the most efficient warriors, who in time formed a separate class, the nobility, from which the heads of the whole nation, the princes, kings and emperors were chosen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Dr. Joseph Brennan, “Castles: ruined and redeemed by rail”, in RAIL, number 948, page 54",
"text": "As Edwin Clark [...] wrote in 1850: \"[...] The lofty towers of the castle overhang the western approach to the Bridge, and the line passes into Conway through an opening pierced in the embattled wall, which entirely surrounds the town. These fortifications are in good preservation, and rank among the most perfect examples of the strongholds of the 13th century.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place built to withstand attack; a fortress."
],
"links": [
[
"built",
"build#Verb"
],
[
"withstand",
"withstand"
],
[
"attack",
"attack#Noun"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"word": "bulwark"
},
{
"word": "fastness"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The last stronghold of the Cornish language.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter X, in The Last Man. [...] In Three Volumes, volume I, Paris: Published by A. and W[illiam] Galignani, at the French, English, Italian, German, and Spanish Library, No. 18, rue Vivienne, →OCLC, page 228",
"text": "With the numerous soldiers of Asia, with all of their warlike stores, ships, and military engines, that wealth and power could command, the Turks at once resolved to crush an enemy which, creeping on by degrees, had from their strong-hold in the Morea acquired Thrace and Macedonia, and had led their armies even to the gates of Constantinople, while their extensive commercial relations gave every European nation an interest in their success.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1949 November and December, K. Longbottom, “By Goods Train to Gweedore”, in Railway Magazine, page 353",
"text": "Bridge End is the border station and the scene of many a sad parting between enterprising shoppers and their purchases—for it is a stronghold of the Customs !—and half an hour is allowed in the timetable for examination and shunting.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015 May 10, Amy Sawitta Lefevre, “Thai King Leaves Hospital after Seven Months, Returns to Seaside Palace”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-12-28",
"text": "Thailand has been broadly split along north-south political lines since Thaksin [Shinawatra]'s ouster. A bastion of the conservative, pro-establishment Democrat Party, southern Thailand historically hosts much of the country's wealth and tourism. The poorer, agrarian north and northeast, where Thaksin's populist policies won him legions of supporters, remain Shinawatra strongholds.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 July 7, Ignatiy Vishnevetsky, “The Ambitious War For The Planet Of The Apes Ends Up Surrendering to Formula”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 2017-11-27",
"text": "It's in this horse-opera mode that War For The Planet Of The Apes finds its most rewarding rhythms: in the parallels between Caesar's woodland stronghold and the archetypal frontier settlements of Western fiction; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place of domination by, or refuge or survival of, a particular group or idea."
],
"links": [
[
"domination",
"domination"
],
[
"refuge",
"refuge"
],
[
"survival",
"survival"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"idea",
"idea"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A place of domination by, or refuge or survival of, a particular group or idea."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɹɒŋhəʊld/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɹɔŋˌhoʊld/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stronghold.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-stronghold.ogg/En-us-stronghold.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-stronghold.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-stronghold.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-au-stronghold.ogg/En-au-stronghold.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-stronghold.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥiṣn",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "حِصْن"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "krépascʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крэ́пасць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "fartécyja",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фартэ́цыя"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cvjerdzʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "цвердзь"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "fartéca",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фартэ́ца"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ukreplenie",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "укрепление"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krépost",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кре́пост"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortalesa"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pevnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrz"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "opevnění"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "borg"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fort"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vesting"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bolwerk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "linnake"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "linnoitus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "tukikohta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "place forte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortaleza"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Festung"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "tulgiþa",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐍄𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌹𐌸𐌰"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ochyró",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "οχυρό"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "froúrio",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φρούριο"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "okhúrōma",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ὀχύρωμα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "éruma",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ἔρυμα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "erőd"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daingean"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dún"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastione"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "binke",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "بنکە"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "arx"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "robur"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tvrdina",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тврдина"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krepost",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крепост"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fæsten"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hisar",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "حصار"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hısn",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "حصن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "twierdza"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forteca"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "fortaleza"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortăreață"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krépostʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кре́пость"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "dùn"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pevnosť"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrdza"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "utrdba"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastión"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fuerte"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fortaleza"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaza fuerte"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fäste"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "kale"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "hısn"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "fortécja",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "форте́ця"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "krípostʹ",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крі́пость"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tverdýnja",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тверди́ня"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "place built to withstand attack",
"word": "cadarnle"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cvjardýnja",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "цвярды́ня"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "aplót",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "апло́т"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krepost",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крепост"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bašta"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "højborg"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bolwerk"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "háborg"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "tukialue"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "linnake"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "keskuspaikka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "pääpaikka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "tyyssija"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fief"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hochburg"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ochyró",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "οχυρό"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "aðalvígi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baluardo"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbeg",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "збег"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "uporište",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "упориште"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "høyborg"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "høgborg"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bastion"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oplót",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опло́т"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tverdýnja",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тверды́ня"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bašta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baluarte"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reducto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "refugio"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "högborg"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fäste"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bålverk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "kale"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tverdýnja",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тверди́ня"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "óplit",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́пліт"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oplít",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оплі́т"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oplót",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опло́т"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"word": "thành trì"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "place of domination, or refuge or survival",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amddiffynfa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Hamlet",
"Helsingør",
"Kronborg",
"William Shakespeare"
],
"word": "stronghold"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.