See fastness on Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "acid-fastness" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "colorfastness" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "colour fastness" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "colourfastness" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "fastnes" }, "expansion": "Middle English fastnes", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "festnes, festnesse, vestnes, vestnesse", "otherforms": "1" }, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..." }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "fæstnes", "t": "fastness, firmness, stability; resolution; tenacity; vigour; firmament; fortification" }, "expansion": "Old English fæstnes (“fastness, firmness, stability; resolution; tenacity; vigour; firmament; fortification”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "(Late Old English) fesnes, (Old English) fæstnis, fæstnys", "otherforms": "1" }, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..." }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*fastuz", "t": "firm, fixed; secure" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“firm, fixed; secure”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "suffix" }, "expansion": "suffix", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "abstract noun" }, "expansion": "abstract noun", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fast", "3": "ness" }, "expansion": "fast + -ness", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English fastnes, fastnesse (“immovableness, stability; firmness, solidness; secure attachment; constancy; obstinacy; something giving firmness or strength; of sleep: soundness; of a wound: healing; assurance, confirmation”) [and other forms], from Old English fæstnes (“fastness, firmness, stability; resolution; tenacity; vigour; firmament; fortification”) [and other forms], from fæst (“firm, stable; constant”) (from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“firm, fixed; secure”); see further at that entry) + -nes (suffix forming abstract nouns denoting a quality or state). The English word may be analysed as fast + -ness.", "forms": [ { "form": "fastnesses", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "fastness (countable and uncountable, plural fastnesses)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "fast‧ness" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 16 1 4", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Manx translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 15 15 15 15 16 1 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old English translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 15 2 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 18 15 15 15 15 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Lyers”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 16:", "text": "[T]he thing, as it is, having firſt taken vp her ſtand in the memory, and there by the way of knowledge and witting, imprinted it-ſelfe, it were hard it ſhould not repreſent it ſelfe to the imagination, diſplacing and ſupplanting falſehood, which therein can have no ſuch footing, or ſetled faſtneſſe: […]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1699 October 25 (Gregorian calendar); first published 1715, Robert South, “A Discourse Preached at Christ-Church, Oxon, before the University, October 15. 1699.”, in Twelve Sermons Preached at Several Times, and upon Several Occasions, volume IV, London: […] G. James, for Jonah Bowyer […], →OCLC, page 523:", "text": "[T]his is the ſure, infallible Teſt of Love, that the Meaſure of its Strength is to be taken by the Faſtneſs of its Hold.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-VSP2WpIH", "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "strongly", "strongly" ], [ "attached", "attached#Adjective" ], [ "firmness", "firmness" ], [ "secureness", "secureness" ], [ "tenacity", "tenacity" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 16 1 4", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Manx translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 15 15 15 15 16 1 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old English translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 15 2 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 18 15 15 15 15 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity.", "The ability of a dye to withstand fading." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-m~uZLfdn", "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "strongly", "strongly" ], [ "attached", "attached#Adjective" ], [ "firmness", "firmness" ], [ "secureness", "secureness" ], [ "tenacity", "tenacity" ], [ "ability", "ability" ], [ "dye", "dye#Noun" ], [ "withstand", "withstand" ], [ "fading", "fading#Noun" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity.", "(specifically) The ability of a dye to withstand fading." ], "tags": [ "countable", "specifically", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "3 81 3 3 4 4 2 1", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ability of a dye to withstand fading", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "solidità" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 16 1 4", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Manx translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 15 15 15 15 16 1 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old English translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 15 2 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 18 15 15 15 15 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1959 September 13, Walt Kelly, Pogo, Sunday, comic strip, →ISBN, page 251:", "text": "[Frog:] Why are all of us fleein'? What dire peril threatens our sylvan fastness?\n [Bug:] Just run! Your fastness shouldn't be too slow.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of moving quickly; quickness, rapidity, swiftness." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-HsyJS9PG", "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "moving", "move#Verb" ], [ "quickly", "quickly" ], [ "quickness", "quickness" ], [ "rapidity", "rapidity" ], [ "swiftness", "swiftness" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of moving quickly; quickness, rapidity, swiftness." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 16 1 4", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Manx translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 15 15 15 15 16 1 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old English translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 15 2 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 18 15 15 15 15 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of having an extravagant lifestyle or immoral habits." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-9q5Rr3hn", "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "extravagant", "extravagant" ], [ "lifestyle", "lifestyle" ], [ "immoral", "immoral" ], [ "habit", "habit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of having an extravagant lifestyle or immoral habits." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 16 1 4", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Manx translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 15 15 15 15 16 1 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old English translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 15 2 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 18 15 15 15 15 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 18, page 316:", "text": "But now his cruelty ſo ſore ſhe drad, / That to thoſe fennes for faſtneſſe ſhe did fly, / And there her ſelfe did hyde from his hard tyranny.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Ninth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 492, lines 940–941:", "text": "The Foes had left the faſtneſs of their Place, / Prevail'd in Fight, and had his Men in Chace.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "Of a fortress or other place: the quality or state of being secure from access or attack; safety, security." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-t5lJPW99", "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "fortress", "fortress" ], [ "place", "place#Noun" ], [ "secure", "secure#Adjective" ], [ "access", "access#Noun" ], [ "attack", "attack#Noun" ], [ "safety", "safety" ], [ "security", "security" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "(archaic) Of a fortress or other place: the quality or state of being secure from access or attack; safety, security." ], "tags": [ "archaic", "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 16 1 4", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Manx translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 15 15 15 15 16 1 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old English translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 15 15 15 15 2 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Old Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 16 1 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 18 15 15 15 15 2 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "a. 1569 (date written), Roger Ascham, “[The Second Booke Teachyng the Ready Way to the Latin Tong]”, in Margaret Ascham, editor, The Scholemaster: Or Plaine and Perfite Way of Teaching Children, to Vnderstand, Write, and Speake, the Latin Tong, […], London: […] John Daye, […], published 1570, →OCLC, folio 44, verso:", "text": "Which was brought to paſſe I beleue, […] by a good way of Epitome, in binding him ſelfe to tranſlate meros Atticos Oratores, and ſo to bring his ſtyle, from all lowſe groſneſſe, to ſoch firme faſtnes in latin, as is in Demoſthenes in Greeke.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being firm, hard, or solid; firmness, hardness, solidity." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-FkGvmHZq", "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "firm", "firm#Adjective" ], [ "hard", "hard#Adjective" ], [ "solid", "solid#Adjective" ], [ "firmness", "firmness" ], [ "hardness", "hardness" ], [ "solidity", "solidity" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "(obsolete) The quality or state of being firm, hard, or solid; firmness, hardness, solidity." ], "tags": [ "countable", "obsolete", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "1611, Iohn Speed [i.e., John Speed], The History of Great Britaine under the Conquests of yͤ Romans, Saxons, Danes and Normans. […], London: […] William Hall and John Beale, for John Sudbury and George Humble, […], →OCLC, book IX ([Englands Monarchs] […]), paragraph 71, page 528, column 1:", "text": "[I]f the VVelſh compelled by famine ventred out of their ſtrengthes or faſtneſſes, in or about Snovvdon, the Garriſon Souldiers of Gannocke vvere ready to intercept and kill them; […]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1803, John Browne Cutting, “A Succinct History of Jamaica”, in R[obert] C[harles] Dallas, The History of the Maroons, from Their Origin to the Establishment of Their Chief Tribe at Sierra Leone: […], volume I, London: […] A[ndrew] Strahan, […], for T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O. Rees, →OCLC, page xxxviii:", "text": "[T]he ſlaves that yet remained in the faſtneſſes of Jamaica, attached to the Spaniſh, and hoſtile to the Engliſh ſettlers, continued to be troubleſome, and at times formidable.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1912 February–July, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Under the Moons of Mars”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as “Child-raising on Mars”, in A Princess of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., 1917 October, →OCLC, page 69:", "text": "The incubators are built in remote fastnesses, where there is little or no likelihood of their being discovered by other tribes.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter IV, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC, page 26:", "text": "When she came to know writers it was like adventuring upon a stage which till then she had known only from the other side of the footlights. She saw them dramatically, and really seemed herself to live a larger life because she entertained them and visited them in their fastnesses.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, “The Cut-Glass Bowl”, in Scribner's Magazine:", "text": "[…] though cut glass was nothing new in the nineties, it was then especially busy reflecting the dazzling light of fashion from the Back Bay to the fastnesses of the Middle West.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1925 April, Virginia Woolf, “On Not Knowing Greek”, in The Common Reader, 2nd edition, London: Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, […], published November 1925, →OCLC:", "text": "When we read Chaucer, we are floated up to him insensibly on the current of our ancestors' lives, […] But the Greeks remain in a fastness of their own.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1954 October 11, “Assault on the Summit: The Conquerors' Account”, in Life, volume 37, number 15, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 33:", "text": "On the morning of July 31, the mountain rose spangled in the summer sun 2,300 feet above Achille Compagnoni and Lino Lacedelli. Strapping on three oxygen tanks, the two men faced toward K2's last fastness.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam’s Finest Hour, Milwaukee, Wis.: Kalmbach Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 60:", "text": "Their mission in life was to tote bituminous coal out of the mountain fastness of West Virginia and move it west to the gateways of Deepwater, Columbus and Toledo and east to tidewater at Hampton Roads.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017, Neil Gaiman, Norse Mythology, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 116:", "text": "\"I have many servants in my mountain fastness, and all the riches I could dream of.\"", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "A fortified or secure place; a fortress, a stronghold." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-tXwJy7Vn", "links": [ [ "fortified", "fortified" ], [ "fortress", "fortress" ], [ "stronghold", "stronghold" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(countable) Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "(also figuratively) A fortified or secure place; a fortress, a stronghold." ], "tags": [ "also", "countable", "figuratively", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "ukreplenie", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "укрепление" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Feste" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Festung" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "daingen" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "gv", "lang": "Manx", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "doon" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "fæstnes" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "citadélʹ", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "цитаде́ль" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "krépostʹ", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "кре́пость" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oplót", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "опло́т" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tverdýnja", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "тверды́ня" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "kalatra", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "कलत्र" }, { "_dis1": "10 10 10 10 20 11 26 2", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "daingneach" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "British English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Regional English", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "Something used to fasten or tie; a fastener or fastening." ], "id": "en-fastness-en-noun-HbAcyOqc", "links": [ [ "regional", "regional#English" ], [ "used", "use#Verb" ], [ "fasten", "fasten" ], [ "tie", "tie#Verb" ], [ "fastener", "fastener" ], [ "fastening", "fastening#Noun" ] ], "qualifier": "obsolete except British", "raw_glosses": [ "(countable) Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "(obsolete except British, regional) Something used to fasten or tie; a fastener or fastening." ], "tags": [ "countable", "regional", "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈfɑːs(t)nəs/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈfæs(t)-/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fastness.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "/ˈfæs(t)nəs/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈfɑːs(t)nəs/", "note": "trap–bath split" }, { "rhymes": "(Received Pronunciation; trap–bath split) -ɑːstnəs" }, { "rhymes": "(General American) -æstnəs" } ], "word": "fastness" }
{ "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms suffixed with -ness", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/æstnəs", "Rhymes:English/æstnəs/2 syllables", "Rhymes:English/ɑːstnəs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːstnəs/2 syllables", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations" ], "derived": [ { "word": "acid-fastness" }, { "word": "colorfastness" }, { "word": "colour fastness" }, { "word": "colourfastness" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "fastnes" }, "expansion": "Middle English fastnes", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "festnes, festnesse, vestnes, vestnesse", "otherforms": "1" }, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..." }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "fæstnes", "t": "fastness, firmness, stability; resolution; tenacity; vigour; firmament; fortification" }, "expansion": "Old English fæstnes (“fastness, firmness, stability; resolution; tenacity; vigour; firmament; fortification”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "(Late Old English) fesnes, (Old English) fæstnis, fæstnys", "otherforms": "1" }, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..." }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*fastuz", "t": "firm, fixed; secure" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“firm, fixed; secure”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "suffix" }, "expansion": "suffix", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "abstract noun" }, "expansion": "abstract noun", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fast", "3": "ness" }, "expansion": "fast + -ness", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English fastnes, fastnesse (“immovableness, stability; firmness, solidness; secure attachment; constancy; obstinacy; something giving firmness or strength; of sleep: soundness; of a wound: healing; assurance, confirmation”) [and other forms], from Old English fæstnes (“fastness, firmness, stability; resolution; tenacity; vigour; firmament; fortification”) [and other forms], from fæst (“firm, stable; constant”) (from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“firm, fixed; secure”); see further at that entry) + -nes (suffix forming abstract nouns denoting a quality or state). The English word may be analysed as fast + -ness.", "forms": [ { "form": "fastnesses", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "fastness (countable and uncountable, plural fastnesses)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "fast‧ness" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English uncountable nouns" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Lyers”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 16:", "text": "[T]he thing, as it is, having firſt taken vp her ſtand in the memory, and there by the way of knowledge and witting, imprinted it-ſelfe, it were hard it ſhould not repreſent it ſelfe to the imagination, diſplacing and ſupplanting falſehood, which therein can have no ſuch footing, or ſetled faſtneſſe: […]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1699 October 25 (Gregorian calendar); first published 1715, Robert South, “A Discourse Preached at Christ-Church, Oxon, before the University, October 15. 1699.”, in Twelve Sermons Preached at Several Times, and upon Several Occasions, volume IV, London: […] G. James, for Jonah Bowyer […], →OCLC, page 523:", "text": "[T]his is the ſure, infallible Teſt of Love, that the Meaſure of its Strength is to be taken by the Faſtneſs of its Hold.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity." ], "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "strongly", "strongly" ], [ "attached", "attached#Adjective" ], [ "firmness", "firmness" ], [ "secureness", "secureness" ], [ "tenacity", "tenacity" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English uncountable nouns" ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity.", "The ability of a dye to withstand fading." ], "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "strongly", "strongly" ], [ "attached", "attached#Adjective" ], [ "firmness", "firmness" ], [ "secureness", "secureness" ], [ "tenacity", "tenacity" ], [ "ability", "ability" ], [ "dye", "dye#Noun" ], [ "withstand", "withstand" ], [ "fading", "fading#Noun" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being strongly attached; firmness, secureness, tenacity.", "(specifically) The ability of a dye to withstand fading." ], "tags": [ "countable", "specifically", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English uncountable nouns" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1959 September 13, Walt Kelly, Pogo, Sunday, comic strip, →ISBN, page 251:", "text": "[Frog:] Why are all of us fleein'? What dire peril threatens our sylvan fastness?\n [Bug:] Just run! Your fastness shouldn't be too slow.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of moving quickly; quickness, rapidity, swiftness." ], "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "moving", "move#Verb" ], [ "quickly", "quickly" ], [ "quickness", "quickness" ], [ "rapidity", "rapidity" ], [ "swiftness", "swiftness" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of moving quickly; quickness, rapidity, swiftness." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English uncountable nouns" ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of having an extravagant lifestyle or immoral habits." ], "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "extravagant", "extravagant" ], [ "lifestyle", "lifestyle" ], [ "immoral", "immoral" ], [ "habit", "habit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of having an extravagant lifestyle or immoral habits." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English uncountable nouns" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 18, page 316:", "text": "But now his cruelty ſo ſore ſhe drad, / That to thoſe fennes for faſtneſſe ſhe did fly, / And there her ſelfe did hyde from his hard tyranny.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Ninth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 492, lines 940–941:", "text": "The Foes had left the faſtneſs of their Place, / Prevail'd in Fight, and had his Men in Chace.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "Of a fortress or other place: the quality or state of being secure from access or attack; safety, security." ], "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "fortress", "fortress" ], [ "place", "place#Noun" ], [ "secure", "secure#Adjective" ], [ "access", "access#Noun" ], [ "attack", "attack#Noun" ], [ "safety", "safety" ], [ "security", "security" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "(archaic) Of a fortress or other place: the quality or state of being secure from access or attack; safety, security." ], "tags": [ "archaic", "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English uncountable nouns" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "a. 1569 (date written), Roger Ascham, “[The Second Booke Teachyng the Ready Way to the Latin Tong]”, in Margaret Ascham, editor, The Scholemaster: Or Plaine and Perfite Way of Teaching Children, to Vnderstand, Write, and Speake, the Latin Tong, […], London: […] John Daye, […], published 1570, →OCLC, folio 44, verso:", "text": "Which was brought to paſſe I beleue, […] by a good way of Epitome, in binding him ſelfe to tranſlate meros Atticos Oratores, and ſo to bring his ſtyle, from all lowſe groſneſſe, to ſoch firme faſtnes in latin, as is in Demoſthenes in Greeke.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "The quality or state of being firm, hard, or solid; firmness, hardness, solidity." ], "links": [ [ "quality", "quality#Noun" ], [ "state", "state#Noun" ], [ "fast", "fast#Adjective" ], [ "firm", "firm#Adjective" ], [ "hard", "hard#Adjective" ], [ "solid", "solid#Adjective" ], [ "firmness", "firmness" ], [ "hardness", "hardness" ], [ "solidity", "solidity" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(uncountable) The quality or state of being fast (in various senses).", "(obsolete) The quality or state of being firm, hard, or solid; firmness, hardness, solidity." ], "tags": [ "countable", "obsolete", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1611, Iohn Speed [i.e., John Speed], The History of Great Britaine under the Conquests of yͤ Romans, Saxons, Danes and Normans. […], London: […] William Hall and John Beale, for John Sudbury and George Humble, […], →OCLC, book IX ([Englands Monarchs] […]), paragraph 71, page 528, column 1:", "text": "[I]f the VVelſh compelled by famine ventred out of their ſtrengthes or faſtneſſes, in or about Snovvdon, the Garriſon Souldiers of Gannocke vvere ready to intercept and kill them; […]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1803, John Browne Cutting, “A Succinct History of Jamaica”, in R[obert] C[harles] Dallas, The History of the Maroons, from Their Origin to the Establishment of Their Chief Tribe at Sierra Leone: […], volume I, London: […] A[ndrew] Strahan, […], for T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O. Rees, →OCLC, page xxxviii:", "text": "[T]he ſlaves that yet remained in the faſtneſſes of Jamaica, attached to the Spaniſh, and hoſtile to the Engliſh ſettlers, continued to be troubleſome, and at times formidable.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1912 February–July, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Under the Moons of Mars”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as “Child-raising on Mars”, in A Princess of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., 1917 October, →OCLC, page 69:", "text": "The incubators are built in remote fastnesses, where there is little or no likelihood of their being discovered by other tribes.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter IV, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC, page 26:", "text": "When she came to know writers it was like adventuring upon a stage which till then she had known only from the other side of the footlights. She saw them dramatically, and really seemed herself to live a larger life because she entertained them and visited them in their fastnesses.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, “The Cut-Glass Bowl”, in Scribner's Magazine:", "text": "[…] though cut glass was nothing new in the nineties, it was then especially busy reflecting the dazzling light of fashion from the Back Bay to the fastnesses of the Middle West.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1925 April, Virginia Woolf, “On Not Knowing Greek”, in The Common Reader, 2nd edition, London: Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, […], published November 1925, →OCLC:", "text": "When we read Chaucer, we are floated up to him insensibly on the current of our ancestors' lives, […] But the Greeks remain in a fastness of their own.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1954 October 11, “Assault on the Summit: The Conquerors' Account”, in Life, volume 37, number 15, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 33:", "text": "On the morning of July 31, the mountain rose spangled in the summer sun 2,300 feet above Achille Compagnoni and Lino Lacedelli. Strapping on three oxygen tanks, the two men faced toward K2's last fastness.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam’s Finest Hour, Milwaukee, Wis.: Kalmbach Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 60:", "text": "Their mission in life was to tote bituminous coal out of the mountain fastness of West Virginia and move it west to the gateways of Deepwater, Columbus and Toledo and east to tidewater at Hampton Roads.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017, Neil Gaiman, Norse Mythology, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 116:", "text": "\"I have many servants in my mountain fastness, and all the riches I could dream of.\"", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "A fortified or secure place; a fortress, a stronghold." ], "links": [ [ "fortified", "fortified" ], [ "fortress", "fortress" ], [ "stronghold", "stronghold" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(countable) Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "(also figuratively) A fortified or secure place; a fortress, a stronghold." ], "tags": [ "also", "countable", "figuratively", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "British English", "English countable nouns", "English terms with obsolete senses", "Regional English" ], "glosses": [ "Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "Something used to fasten or tie; a fastener or fastening." ], "links": [ [ "regional", "regional#English" ], [ "used", "use#Verb" ], [ "fasten", "fasten" ], [ "tie", "tie#Verb" ], [ "fastener", "fastener" ], [ "fastening", "fastening#Noun" ] ], "qualifier": "obsolete except British", "raw_glosses": [ "(countable) Something that is fast, or that causes someone or something to be fast (in various senses).", "(obsolete except British, regional) Something used to fasten or tie; a fastener or fastening." ], "tags": [ "countable", "regional", "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈfɑːs(t)nəs/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈfæs(t)-/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fastness.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fastness.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "/ˈfæs(t)nəs/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈfɑːs(t)nəs/", "note": "trap–bath split" }, { "rhymes": "(Received Pronunciation; trap–bath split) -ɑːstnəs" }, { "rhymes": "(General American) -æstnəs" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ability of a dye to withstand fading", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "solidità" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "ukreplenie", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "укрепление" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Feste" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Festung" }, { "code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "daingen" }, { "code": "gv", "lang": "Manx", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "doon" }, { "code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "fæstnes" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "citadélʹ", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "цитаде́ль" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "krépostʹ", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "кре́пость" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oplót", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "опло́т" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tverdýnja", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "тверды́ня" }, { "code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "kalatra", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "कलत्र" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "fortified or secure place — see also fortress, stronghold", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "daingneach" } ], "word": "fastness" }
Download raw JSONL data for fastness meaning in All languages combined (17.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.