See lumen on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lumen meaning in All languages combined (59.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lumenal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lumen-hour"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lumenless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lumen method"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lumenogenesis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lumen-second"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lumen second"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "light, an opening"
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen (“light, an opening”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen (“light, an opening”). Use as a unit was first adopted by French physicist André Blondel in 1894.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lumens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumina",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧men"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "candela"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "luminal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lux"
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],
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{
"_dis": "66 4 20 10",
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],
"glosses": [
"In the International System of Units, the derived unit of luminous flux; the light that is emitted in a solid angle of one steradian from a source of one candela. Symbol: lm."
],
"id": "en-lumen-en-noun-e6cJRwHR",
"links": [
[
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[
"International System of Units",
"International System of Units"
],
[
"derived unit",
"derived unit"
],
[
"luminous flux",
"luminous flux"
],
[
"solid angle",
"solid angle"
],
[
"steradian",
"steradian"
],
[
"candela",
"candela"
],
[
"lm",
"lm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) In the International System of Units, the derived unit of luminous flux; the light that is emitted in a solid angle of one steradian from a source of one candela. Symbol: lm."
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lūmin",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "لُومِن"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lyumen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "լյումեն"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liúmíng",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "流明"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "luumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "loúmen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λούμεν"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rūmen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "ルーメン"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "rumen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "루멘"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ljúmen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лю́мен"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 25 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "luu-men",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "ลูเมน"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ."
],
"id": "en-lumen-en-noun-rLQMyKjb",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "內腔"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nèiqiāng",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "内腔"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "ontelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "n'hor",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נהור"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"alt": "ないくう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "naikū",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "内腔"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"alt": "內腔",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "naegang",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "내강"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 52 32 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
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],
"glosses": [
"The cavity bounded by a plant cell wall."
],
"id": "en-lumen-en-noun-uFlGfOVg",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) The cavity bounded by a plant cell wall."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "21 8 65 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 8 65 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"word": "ontelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 8 65 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 8 65 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pólostʹ",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "по́лость"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
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}
],
"glosses": [
"The bore of a tube such as a hollow needle or catheter."
],
"id": "en-lumen-en-noun-4cVaOfSa",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"catheter",
"catheter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) The bore of a tube such as a hollow needle or catheter."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 17 9 71",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "medicine: bore of a tube",
"word": "lumen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːmən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlumən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːmən"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-lumen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/En-uk-lumen.ogg/En-uk-lumen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/En-uk-lumen.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "lo͞oʹmən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:lumen"
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
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},
{
"form": "lumeny",
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"plural"
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"form": "lumenu",
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"singular"
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},
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"form": "lumenů",
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"plural"
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{
"form": "lumenu",
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"singular"
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{
"form": "lumenům",
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},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
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"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
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"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenu",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
{
"form": "lumenech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
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},
{
"form": "lumenem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
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],
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{
"_dis": "59 41",
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],
"glosses": [
"lumen (unit of luminous flux)"
],
"id": "en-lumen-cs-noun-UW5~GRwQ",
"links": [
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlumɛn]"
}
],
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}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "lumenové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
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},
{
"form": "lumeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumena",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
{
"form": "lumenů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "lumenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "lumenům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
}
],
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},
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],
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{
"args": {
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],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"capable talented person"
],
"id": "en-lumen-cs-noun-UDJb3LQK",
"links": [
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"talented",
"talented"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlumɛn]"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "6/paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "6/paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneideni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "nouns",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lumen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lumen",
"name": "fi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lumen",
"2": "a",
"i": "0"
},
"name": "fi-decl-paperi"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fi",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fi:Anatomy",
"parents": [
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"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
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"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fi",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "fi:Medicine",
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"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fi",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "fi:Physics",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish paperi-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fi",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "fi:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"id": "en-lumen-fi-noun-RW9F~dwu",
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"lumen",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics, anatomy, botany, medicine) lumen"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "luumen"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"biology",
"botany",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu(ː)men/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈlu(ː)me̞n]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umen"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "lumen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lumi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of lumi"
],
"id": "en-lumen-fi-noun-WkTZQ9fX",
"links": [
[
"lumi",
"lumi#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlumen/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈlume̞n]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umen"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lumens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "lumen m (plural lumens)",
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],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "fr:Physics",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "65 13 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"id": "en-lumen-fr-noun-AaKK-DfS",
"links": [
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"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fr:Anatomy",
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"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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}
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
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"id": "en-lumen-fr-noun-RW9F~dwu",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
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[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lumen"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "fr:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"id": "en-lumen-fr-noun-RW9F~dwu1",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) lumen"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ly.mɛn/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg/Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris"
],
"text": "Audio (Paris)"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lūmināre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lūminātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lūminātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lūminō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lūminōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "lumi",
"3": "lunjinã"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: lumi, lunjinã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: lumi, lunjinã"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llume"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llum"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: lum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: lum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "loûme"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: loûme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: loûme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lume"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "lume"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: lume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: lume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "lumi"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: lumi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: lumi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "lume"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lume\nGalician: lume\nPortuguese: lume",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lume\nGalician: lume\nPortuguese: lume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: lum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: lum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lume",
"3": "lumină"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: lume, lumină",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: lume, lumină"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lumi"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lumi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lumi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: lumbre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: lumbre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "λούμεν",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: λούμεν (loúmen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: λούμεν (loúmen)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lúmen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: lúmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: lúmen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "люмен",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: люмен (ljumen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: люмен (ljumen)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: lumen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*louksmən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *louksmən",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*léwk-s-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "bright"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“bright”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lūx",
"3": "men"
},
"expansion": "lūx + -men",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *louksmən, from Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”).\nEquivalent to lūx + -men.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lūmen",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lūmen<3>"
},
"expansion": "lūmen n (genitive lūminis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lūmen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 17 7 6 10 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 0 21 20 11 8 0 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "la:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"light, source of light"
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-ifYVi3YT",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lūx"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[Rumor] never closes her eyes in sweet slumber.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.185",
"text": "… nec dulcī dēclīnat lūmina somnō."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the eyes"
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-QAHRzGqJ",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"eyes",
"eyes"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) the eyes"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 9 27 3 2 14 18 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 17 7 6 10 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 17 33 5 4 10 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -men",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 0 21 20 11 8 0 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "la:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"daylight"
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-yMyqQ4Nl",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"daylight",
"daylight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) daylight"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 0 21 20 11 8 0 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "la:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brightness"
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-qm7WyVf8",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"brightness",
"brightness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) brightness"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 0 21 20 11 8 0 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "la:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the light of life"
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-EHfcdWca",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) the light of life"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An opening through which light can penetrate such as an air-hole or a window."
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-TX9AV-XH",
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 17 7 6 10 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The opening or orifice in a water-pipe or funnel"
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-CyNDjiXp",
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 17 7 6 10 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 0 21 20 11 8 0 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "la:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
],
"id": "en-lumen-la-noun-PciSlfN~",
"links": [
[
"luminary",
"luminary"
],
[
"star",
"star"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluː.men/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɫ̪uːmɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.men/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈluːmen]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "lumen m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧men"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lumen",
"10": "lumenami",
"11": "lumenie",
"12": "lumenach",
"13": "lumenie",
"14": "lumeny",
"2": "lumeny",
"3": "lumena",
"4": "lumenów",
"5": "lumenowi",
"6": "lumenom",
"7": "lumen",
"8": "lumeny",
"9": "lumenem"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lumen (SI-unit)"
],
"id": "en-lumen-pl-noun-pSuqRYKe",
"links": [
[
"lumen",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "pl:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"display, explanation"
],
"id": "en-lumen-pl-noun-YLRJ8-on",
"links": [
[
"display",
"display"
],
[
"explanation",
"explanation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) display, explanation"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.mɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umɛn"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "French lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lume",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lume",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen, French lumen. Doublet of the inherited lume.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lumeni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lumeni"
},
"expansion": "lumen m (plural lumeni)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "ro:Physics",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"id": "en-lumen-ro-noun-AaKK-DfS",
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "French lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lume",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lume",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen, French lumen. Doublet of the inherited lume.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lumene",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "lumene"
},
"expansion": "lumen n (plural lumene)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "ro:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"id": "en-lumen-ro-noun-RW9F~dwu",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lumen"
],
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"masculine"
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}
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],
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],
"etymology_number": 2,
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"form": "animate",
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"table-tags"
]
},
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"form": "cs-ndecl",
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]
},
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]
},
{
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeni",
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"tags": [
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},
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},
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]
},
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]
},
{
"form": "lumena",
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"singular"
]
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]
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"vocative"
]
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"form": "lumenové",
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"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
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},
{
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]
},
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"form": "lumenem",
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"singular"
]
},
{
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]
}
],
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],
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"args": {
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}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"capable talented person"
],
"links": [
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"talented",
"talented"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"tags": [
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"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "[ˈlumɛn]"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
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"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
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{
"word": "lumen-hour"
},
{
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{
"word": "lumen method"
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{
"word": "lumenogenesis"
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{
"word": "lumen-second"
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{
"word": "lumen second"
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"5": "light, an opening"
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"name": "bor"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "lumens",
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"plural"
]
},
{
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"word": "candela"
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{
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{
"word": "lux"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
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[
"International System of Units",
"International System of Units"
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[
"derived unit",
"derived unit"
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[
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"solid angle"
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[
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[
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"lm"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) In the International System of Units, the derived unit of luminous flux; the light that is emitted in a solid angle of one steradian from a source of one candela. Symbol: lm."
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"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
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},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"The cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"The cavity bounded by a plant cell wall."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) The cavity bounded by a plant cell wall."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"catheter",
"catheter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːmən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlumən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːmən"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-lumen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/En-uk-lumen.ogg/En-uk-lumen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/En-uk-lumen.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "lo͞oʹmən"
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],
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{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lūmin",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "لُومِن"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lyumen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "լյումեն"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liúmíng",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "流明"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "luumen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lumen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "loúmen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λούμεν"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rūmen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "ルーメン"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "rumen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "루멘"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúmen"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ljúmen",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лю́мен"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "luu-men",
"sense": "SI-unit for luminous flux",
"word": "ลูเมน"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "內腔"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nèiqiāng",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "内腔"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "ontelo"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "n'hor",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נהור"
},
{
"alt": "ないくう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "naikū",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "内腔"
},
{
"alt": "內腔",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "naegang",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"word": "내강"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúmen"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "anatomy: cavity within tubular organ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"word": "ontelo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lumen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pólostʹ",
"sense": "botany: cavity bounded by cell wall",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "по́лость"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "medicine: bore of a tube",
"word": "lumen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:lumen"
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish 2-syllable words",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish non-lemma forms",
"Finnish noun forms",
"Finnish nouns",
"Finnish paperi-type nominals",
"Finnish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Finnish terms derived from Latin",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Finnish/umen",
"Rhymes:Finnish/umen/2 syllables",
"fi:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "6/paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "6/paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneideni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-paperi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneidensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneitansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenejansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeninansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeniksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeneinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "nouns",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lumen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lumen",
"name": "fi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lumen",
"2": "a",
"i": "0"
},
"name": "fi-decl-paperi"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"fi:Anatomy",
"fi:Botany",
"fi:Medicine",
"fi:Physics"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"lumen",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics, anatomy, botany, medicine) lumen"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"biology",
"botany",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu(ː)men/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈlu(ː)me̞n]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umen"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "luumen"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish 2-syllable words",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Finnish non-lemma forms",
"Finnish noun forms",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Finnish/umen",
"Rhymes:Finnish/umen/2 syllables",
"fi:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "lumen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lumi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of lumi"
],
"links": [
[
"lumi",
"lumi#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlumen/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈlume̞n]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umen"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lumens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "lumen m (plural lumens)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"fr:Physics"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fr:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lumen"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fr:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) lumen"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ly.mɛn/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg/Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Fr-Paris--lumen.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris"
],
"text": "Audio (Paris)"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms suffixed with -men",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"la:Light"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lūmināre"
},
{
"word": "lūminātor"
},
{
"word": "lūminātus"
},
{
"word": "lūminō"
},
{
"word": "lūminōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "lumi",
"3": "lunjinã"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: lumi, lunjinã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: lumi, lunjinã"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llume"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llum"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: lum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: lum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "loûme"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: loûme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: loûme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lume"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "lume"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: lume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: lume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "lumi"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: lumi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: lumi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "lume"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lume\nGalician: lume\nPortuguese: lume",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lume\nGalician: lume\nPortuguese: lume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: lum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: lum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lume",
"3": "lumină"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: lume, lumină",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: lume, lumină"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lumi"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lumi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lumi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: lumbre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: lumbre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "λούμεν",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: λούμεν (loúmen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: λούμεν (loúmen)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lúmen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: lúmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: lúmen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "люмен",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: люмен (ljumen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: люмен (ljumen)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: lumen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lumen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: lumen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: lumen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*louksmən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *louksmən",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*léwk-s-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "bright"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“bright”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lūx",
"3": "men"
},
"expansion": "lūx + -men",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *louksmən, from Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”).\nEquivalent to lūx + -men.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lūmen",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lūmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lūmen<3>"
},
"expansion": "lūmen n (genitive lūminis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lūmen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"light, source of light"
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lūx"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms",
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[Rumor] never closes her eyes in sweet slumber.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.185",
"text": "… nec dulcī dēclīnat lūmina somnō."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the eyes"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"eyes",
"eyes"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) the eyes"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"daylight"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"daylight",
"daylight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) daylight"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"brightness"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"brightness",
"brightness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) brightness"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"the light of life"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) the light of life"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An opening through which light can penetrate such as an air-hole or a window."
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The opening or orifice in a water-pipe or funnel"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
],
"links": [
[
"luminary",
"luminary"
],
[
"star",
"star"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluː.men/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɫ̪uːmɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.men/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈluːmen]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/umɛn",
"Rhymes:Polish/umɛn/2 syllables",
"pl:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lumenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lumeny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "lumen m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧men"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lumen",
"10": "lumenami",
"11": "lumenie",
"12": "lumenach",
"13": "lumenie",
"14": "lumeny",
"2": "lumeny",
"3": "lumena",
"4": "lumenów",
"5": "lumenowi",
"6": "lumenom",
"7": "lumen",
"8": "lumeny",
"9": "lumenem"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lumen (SI-unit)"
],
"links": [
[
"lumen",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"display, explanation"
],
"links": [
[
"display",
"display"
],
[
"explanation",
"explanation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) display, explanation"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.mɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umɛn"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian doublets",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine nouns",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "French lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lume",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lume",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen, French lumen. Doublet of the inherited lume.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lumeni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lumeni"
},
"expansion": "lumen m (plural lumeni)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ro:Physics"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) lumen (SI unit of measurement)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian doublets",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine nouns",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "French lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lume",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lume",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen, French lumen. Doublet of the inherited lume.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lumene",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "lumene"
},
"expansion": "lumen n (plural lumene)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lumen"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lumbre",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen. Doublet of the inherited lumbre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lúmenes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "lumen m (plural lúmenes)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧men"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/umen",
"Rhymes:Spanish/umen/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen"
],
"links": [
[
"lumen",
"lumen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlumen/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈlu.mẽn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-umen"
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lumen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "lumen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lumen",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lumen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lumen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Swedish terms derived from Latin",
"sv:SI units"
],
"glosses": [
"lumen (singular and plural)"
],
"links": [
[
"lumen",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "lumen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.