"lumen" meaning in Latin

See lumen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈɫuː.mɛn] [Classical-Latin], [ˈluː.men] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *lewk- Proto-Indo-European *-s- Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥ Proto-Italic *louksmən Latin lūmen From Proto-Italic *louksmən, from Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). By surface analysis, lū(x) + -men. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:inh|itc-pro:*louksmən<ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*léwksmn̥><ety:af<*lewk-><<alt:*-s->><*-mn̥>>>>|title=lūmen|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *lewk- Proto-Indo-European *-s- Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥ Proto-Italic *louksmən Latin lūmen [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*louksmən", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "lūmen", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }" data-lang="la" data-title="lūmen">, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*louksmən}} Proto-Italic *louksmən, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*léwk-s-mn̥}} Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥, {{surf|+suf|la|lūx|men|alt1=lū(x)}} By surface analysis, lū(x) + -men Head templates: {{la-noun|lūmen<3>}} lūmen n (genitive lūminis); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|lūmen<3>}} Forms: lūmen [canonical, neuter], lūminis [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], lūmen [nominative, singular], lūmina [nominative, plural], lūminis [genitive, singular], lūminum [genitive, plural], lūminī [dative, singular], lūminibus [dative, plural], lūmen [accusative, singular], lūmina [accusative, plural], lūmine [ablative, singular], lūminibus [ablative, plural], lūmen [singular, vocative], lūmina [plural, vocative]
  1. light, source of light Tags: declension-3 Synonyms: lūx
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-ifYVi3YT Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Light Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12 Disambiguation of Light: 29 1 15 1 19 14 1 19
  2. (poetic) the eyes Tags: declension-3, poetic
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-QAHRzGqJ Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Latin neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19
  3. (poetic) daylight Tags: declension-3, poetic
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-yMyqQ4Nl Categories (other): Latin entries with etymology trees, Latin entries with etymon, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the third declension, Latin terms suffixed with -men Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymology trees: 5 18 25 5 5 13 13 16 Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 3 10 31 3 3 17 22 12 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -men: 5 18 34 5 5 12 12 10
  4. (poetic) brightness Tags: declension-3, poetic
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-qm7WyVf8 Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12
  5. (poetic) the light of life Tags: declension-3, poetic
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-EHfcdWca Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12
  6. An opening through which light can penetrate such as an air-hole or a window. Tags: declension-3
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-TX9AV-XH Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Latin neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19
  7. The opening or orifice in a water-pipe or funnel Tags: declension-3
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-CyNDjiXp Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Latin neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19
  8. (figuratively) a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person) Tags: declension-3, figuratively
    Sense id: en-lumen-la-noun-PciSlfN~ Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Latin neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: lūmināre, lūminātor, lūminātus, lūminō, lūminōsus
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lūmināre"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lūminātor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lūminātus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lūminō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lūminōsus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "word": "lumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "word": "lunjinã"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "word": "llum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "lang_code": "fur",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Istriot",
      "lang_code": "ist",
      "word": "loûme"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Istro-Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ruo",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ladin",
      "lang_code": "lld",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ruq",
      "word": "lumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Mirandese",
      "lang_code": "mwl",
      "word": "lhume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "lume"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "lume"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "lang_code": "ast",
          "word": "llume"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Leonese",
          "lang_code": "roa-leo",
          "word": "llume"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Leonese",
      "lang_code": "roa-ole"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "llumbre"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "lumbre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Navarro-Aragonese",
      "lang_code": "roa-ona"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "lumbre"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "לומברי"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "lumbre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "lumbre"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "lumbre"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "לומברי"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "lumbre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "lumne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Piedmontese",
      "lang_code": "pms",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "lumină"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "lumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "loúmen",
      "word": "λούμεν"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lúmen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "ljumen",
      "word": "люмен"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*louksmən<ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*léwksmn̥><ety:af<*lewk-><<alt:*-s->><*-mn̥>>>>",
        "title": "lūmen",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-s-\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥\nProto-Italic *louksmən\nLatin lūmen\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*louksmən\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"lūmen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"lūmen\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*louksmən"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *louksmən",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*léwk-s-mn̥"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+suf",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "lūx",
        "4": "men",
        "alt1": "lū(x)"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, lū(x) + -men",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-s-\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥\nProto-Italic *louksmən\nLatin lūmen\nFrom Proto-Italic *louksmən, from Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). By surface analysis, lū(x) + -men.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminis",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminis",
          "luminis"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmen",
          "lumen#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmina",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmina",
          "lumina#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminis",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminis",
          "luminis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminum",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminum",
          "luminum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminī",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminī",
          "lumini#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminibus",
          "luminibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmen",
          "lumen#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmina",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmina",
          "lumina#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmine",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmine",
          "lumine#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminibus",
          "luminibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmen",
          "lumen#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmina",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmina",
          "lumina#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lūmen<3>"
      },
      "expansion": "lūmen n (genitive lūminis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lūmen<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 1 15 1 19 14 1 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Light",
          "orig": "la:Light",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "light, source of light"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-ifYVi3YT",
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "source",
          "source"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lūx"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[Rumor] never closes her eyes in sweet slumber.",
          "ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.185",
          "text": "[...] nec dulcī dēclīnat lūmina somnō.",
          "translation": "[Rumor] never closes her eyes in sweet slumber.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the eyes"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-QAHRzGqJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "eyes",
          "eyes"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) the eyes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 18 25 5 5 13 13 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 10 31 3 3 17 22 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 18 34 5 5 12 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -men",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 6.356",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "daylight"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-yMyqQ4Nl",
      "links": [
        [
          "daylight",
          "daylight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) daylight"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brightness"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-qm7WyVf8",
      "links": [
        [
          "brightness",
          "brightness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) brightness"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "8 CE – 12 CE, Ovidius, Tristia 4.4.45",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the light of life"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-EHfcdWca",
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) the light of life"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An opening through which light can penetrate such as an air-hole or a window."
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-TX9AV-XH",
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The opening or orifice in a water-pipe or funnel"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-CyNDjiXp",
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 17 13 12 12 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 18 7 6 11 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumen-la-noun-PciSlfN~",
      "links": [
        [
          "luminary",
          "luminary"
        ],
        [
          "star",
          "star"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɫuː.mɛn]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈluː.men]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lumen"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with etymology trees",
    "Latin entries with etymon",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -men",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension nouns",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 9 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
    "la:Light"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "lūmināre"
    },
    {
      "word": "lūminātor"
    },
    {
      "word": "lūminātus"
    },
    {
      "word": "lūminō"
    },
    {
      "word": "lūminōsus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "word": "lumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "word": "lunjinã"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "word": "llum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "lang_code": "fur",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Istriot",
      "lang_code": "ist",
      "word": "loûme"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Istro-Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ruo",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ladin",
      "lang_code": "lld",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ruq",
      "word": "lumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Mirandese",
      "lang_code": "mwl",
      "word": "lhume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "lume"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "lume"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "lang_code": "ast",
          "word": "llume"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Leonese",
          "lang_code": "roa-leo",
          "word": "llume"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Leonese",
      "lang_code": "roa-ole"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "llumbre"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "lumbre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Navarro-Aragonese",
      "lang_code": "roa-ona"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "lumbre"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "לומברי"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "lumbre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "lumbre"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "lumbre"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "lang_code": "lad",
          "word": "לומברי"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "lumbre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "lumne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Piedmontese",
      "lang_code": "pms",
      "word": "lum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "lume"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "lumină"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "lumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "loúmen",
      "word": "λούμεν"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lúmen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "ljumen",
      "word": "люмен"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "lumen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*louksmən<ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*léwksmn̥><ety:af<*lewk-><<alt:*-s->><*-mn̥>>>>",
        "title": "lūmen",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-s-\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥\nProto-Italic *louksmən\nLatin lūmen\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*louksmən\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"lūmen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"lūmen\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*louksmən"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *louksmən",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*léwk-s-mn̥"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+suf",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "lūx",
        "4": "men",
        "alt1": "lū(x)"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, lū(x) + -men",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-s-\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥\nProto-Italic *louksmən\nLatin lūmen\nFrom Proto-Italic *louksmən, from Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s-mn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). By surface analysis, lū(x) + -men.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminis",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminis",
          "luminis"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmen",
          "lumen#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmina",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmina",
          "lumina#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminis",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminis",
          "luminis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminum",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminum",
          "luminum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminī",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminī",
          "lumini#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminibus",
          "luminibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmen",
          "lumen#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmina",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmina",
          "lumina#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmine",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmine",
          "lumine#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūminibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūminibus",
          "luminibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmen",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmen",
          "lumen#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūmina",
      "links": [
        [
          "lūmina",
          "lumina#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lūmen<3>"
      },
      "expansion": "lūmen n (genitive lūminis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lūmen<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "light, source of light"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "source",
          "source"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lūx"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin poetic terms",
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[Rumor] never closes her eyes in sweet slumber.",
          "ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.185",
          "text": "[...] nec dulcī dēclīnat lūmina somnō.",
          "translation": "[Rumor] never closes her eyes in sweet slumber.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the eyes"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eyes",
          "eyes"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) the eyes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin poetic terms"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 6.356",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "daylight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "daylight",
          "daylight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) daylight"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin poetic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brightness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brightness",
          "brightness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) brightness"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin poetic terms"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "8 CE – 12 CE, Ovidius, Tristia 4.4.45",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the light of life"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) the light of life"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An opening through which light can penetrate such as an air-hole or a window."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The opening or orifice in a water-pipe or funnel"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "luminary",
          "luminary"
        ],
        [
          "star",
          "star"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) a luminary, star, light (a most distinguished person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɫuː.mɛn]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈluː.men]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lumen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for lumen meaning in Latin (9.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.