See have to on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for have to meaning in All languages combined (19.1kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "habban"
},
"expansion": "Old English habban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "to"
},
"expansion": "to",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dates back at least to the Old English habban + to construction, with the same meaning as sense 1 below.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "has to",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "having to",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "had to",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "had to",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "have<has,,had> to"
},
"expansion": "have to (third-person singular simple present has to, present participle having to, simple past and past participle had to)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You have to wear a seat belt.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I have to go to the bathroom.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I just have to have that shirt.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1951 September, “Notes and News: New Station for Glasgow Zoo”, in Railway Magazine, page 639",
"text": "Before the new station could be built, a private overbridge had to be raised, and the railway regraded.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4",
"text": "Energy has seldom been found where we need it when we want it. Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 December 27, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: the way to Weymouth”, in RAIL, number 999, page 55",
"text": "The railway ran through the resort's narrow streets up to Weymouth Quay station, with thoughtlessly parked vehicles sometimes having to be bumped out of the way.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Must; need to; to be urged to; to be required to; indicates obligation."
],
"id": "en-have_to-en-verb-XPikHrPZ",
"links": [
[
"Must",
"must"
],
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"urge",
"urge"
],
[
"required",
"required"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "have got to"
},
{
"word": "got to"
},
{
"word": "gotta"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yaḍṭar",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "يَضْطَر"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yeṭar",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "يضطر"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "petkʻ",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "պետք"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "behar izan"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "músicʹ",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "му́сіць"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pavínjen",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "паві́нен"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pavínna",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "паві́нна"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pavínny",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "паві́нны"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trjabva da",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "трябва да"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "ra.",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ရ"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "haver de"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "應該"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīnggāi",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "应该"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "必須"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìxū",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "必须"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yào",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "要"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bùdébù",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "不得不"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēi ... bùkě",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "非……不可"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "mít"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "skulle"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "moeten"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "devi"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "pidama"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "täytyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "olla pakko"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "falloir"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "avoir à"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dovê"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ter de"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "unda",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "უნდა"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "müssen"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "(zu tun) haben"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "skulan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "þaurban",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khrḗ",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "χρή"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "deî",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"with-infinitive"
],
"word": "δεῖ"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsarích",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צריך"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"note": "(indicated with the infinitive of a verb)",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "kell"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "muszáj"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "kénytelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "þurfa að"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "mustar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "harus"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "pittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "hoolia"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "bhí ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "caithfidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "is éigean"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dovere"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "...なければならない (...-nakereba naranai) (conditional negative form + \"naranai\")",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "...なくてはいけない (...-nakutewa ikenai) (conditional negative form + \"ikenai\")",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "...-nai to dame da",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "...ないと駄目だ"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "...nakya",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "...なきゃ"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "...nakucha",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "...なくちゃ"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "trəv",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ត្រូវ"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "haeya hada",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "해야 하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dovei"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "cogner"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "messei"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dover"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "cognei"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "tener menester de"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tǭng",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ຕ້ອງ"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "habeō"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "habeō quod"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dēbeō"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "vajadzēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "turėti"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "reikėti (with dative for subject)",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "liv",
"lang": "Livonian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "piḑīm"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mora",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "мора"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "swb",
"lang": "Maore Comorian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ulazimu"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "avé a"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "må"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "sċulan"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bâyad",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "باید"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "avèj da"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "musieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "mieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ter que"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "haver de"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "trebui"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stuair"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stuer"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stueir"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stuvair"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dólžen",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "до́лжен"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžná",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "должна́"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžnó",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "должно́"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžný",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "должны́"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dèpere"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "мо́рати"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "тре̏бати"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "mórati"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trȅbati"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "duviri"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "musieť"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "mať"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "tener que"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"impersonal"
],
"word": "haber que"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "måste"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "vara tvungen"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "kailangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtɔ̂ng",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ต้อง"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jam bpen",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "จำเป็น"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jam bpen dtông",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "จำเป็นต้อง"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "fiemaʻu"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "-meli"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "-malı"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "maty",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "мати"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "povynen",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "повинен"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "aer de"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "phải"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"note": "bod rhaid i + pronoun or noun",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "gorfod"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English non-constituents",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English phrasal verbs with particle (to)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "that has to be the postman; it has to be an electrical fault",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Must; expresses a logical conclusion."
],
"id": "en-have_to-en-verb-GaZhypV~",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"Must",
"must"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with be) Must; expresses a logical conclusion."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with be"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "be bound to"
},
{
"word": "have got to"
},
{
"word": "got to"
},
{
"word": "gotta"
},
{
"word": "must"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīdìng",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "一定"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěndìng",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "肯定"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "täytyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "olla pakko"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "biztos"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "biztosan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "bizonyára"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "minden bizonnyal"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "alighanem"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "lesz"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "pasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mora",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "мора"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "musieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dólžen",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "до́лжен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžná",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "должна́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžnó",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "должно́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžný",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "должны́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "musieť"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"note": "bod rhaid bod + pronoun or noun",
"sense": "conclusion"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæv.tuː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæf.tu/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæf.tə/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-have to.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/En-us-have_to.ogg/En-us-have_to.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/En-us-have_to.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"informal",
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "hafta"
}
],
"word": "have to"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English modal verbs",
"English multiword terms",
"English non-constituents",
"English phrasal verbs",
"English phrasal verbs with particle (to)",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "habban"
},
"expansion": "Old English habban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "to"
},
"expansion": "to",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dates back at least to the Old English habban + to construction, with the same meaning as sense 1 below.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "has to",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "having to",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "had to",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "had to",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "have<has,,had> to"
},
"expansion": "have to (third-person singular simple present has to, present participle having to, simple past and past participle had to)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You have to wear a seat belt.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I have to go to the bathroom.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I just have to have that shirt.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1951 September, “Notes and News: New Station for Glasgow Zoo”, in Railway Magazine, page 639",
"text": "Before the new station could be built, a private overbridge had to be raised, and the railway regraded.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4",
"text": "Energy has seldom been found where we need it when we want it. Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 December 27, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: the way to Weymouth”, in RAIL, number 999, page 55",
"text": "The railway ran through the resort's narrow streets up to Weymouth Quay station, with thoughtlessly parked vehicles sometimes having to be bumped out of the way.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Must; need to; to be urged to; to be required to; indicates obligation."
],
"links": [
[
"Must",
"must"
],
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"urge",
"urge"
],
[
"required",
"required"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "have got to"
},
{
"word": "got to"
},
{
"word": "gotta"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "that has to be the postman; it has to be an electrical fault",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Must; expresses a logical conclusion."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"Must",
"must"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with be) Must; expresses a logical conclusion."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with be"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "be bound to"
},
{
"word": "have got to"
},
{
"word": "got to"
},
{
"word": "gotta"
},
{
"word": "must"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæv.tuː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæf.tu/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæf.tə/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-have to.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/En-us-have_to.ogg/En-us-have_to.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/En-us-have_to.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"informal",
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "hafta"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yaḍṭar",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "يَضْطَر"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yeṭar",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "يضطر"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "petkʻ",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "պետք"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "behar izan"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "músicʹ",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "му́сіць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pavínjen",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "паві́нен"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pavínna",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "паві́нна"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pavínny",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "паві́нны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trjabva da",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "трябва да"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "ra.",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ရ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "haver de"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "應該"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīnggāi",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "应该"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "必須"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìxū",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "必须"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yào",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "要"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bùdébù",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "不得不"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēi ... bùkě",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "非……不可"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "mít"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "skulle"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "moeten"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "devi"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "pidama"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "täytyä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "olla pakko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "falloir"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "avoir à"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dovê"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ter de"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "unda",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "უნდა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "müssen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "(zu tun) haben"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "skulan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "þaurban",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khrḗ",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "χρή"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "deî",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"with-infinitive"
],
"word": "δεῖ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tsarích",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צריך"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"note": "(indicated with the infinitive of a verb)",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "kell"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "muszáj"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "kénytelen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "þurfa að"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "mustar"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "harus"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "pittää"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "hoolia"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "bhí ar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "caithfidh"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "is éigean"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dovere"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "...なければならない (...-nakereba naranai) (conditional negative form + \"naranai\")",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "...なくてはいけない (...-nakutewa ikenai) (conditional negative form + \"ikenai\")",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "...-nai to dame da",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "...ないと駄目だ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "...nakya",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "...なきゃ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "...nakucha",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "...なくちゃ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "trəv",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ត្រូវ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "haeya hada",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "해야 하다"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dovei"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "cogner"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "messei"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dover"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "cognei"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "tener menester de"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tǭng",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ຕ້ອງ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "habeō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "habeō quod"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dēbeō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "vajadzēt"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "turėti"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "reikėti (with dative for subject)",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"code": "liv",
"lang": "Livonian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "piḑīm"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mora",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "мора"
},
{
"code": "swb",
"lang": "Maore Comorian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ulazimu"
},
{
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "avé a"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "må"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "sċulan"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bâyad",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "باید"
},
{
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "avèj da"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "musieć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "mieć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ter que"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "haver de"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "trebui"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stuair"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stuer"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stueir"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "stuvair"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dólžen",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "до́лжен"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžná",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "должна́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžnó",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "должно́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžný",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "должны́"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "dèpere"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "мо́рати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "тре̏бати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "mórati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trȅbati"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "duviri"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "musieť"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "mať"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "tener que"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "obligation",
"tags": [
"impersonal"
],
"word": "haber que"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "måste"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "vara tvungen"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "kailangan"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtɔ̂ng",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "ต้อง"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jam bpen",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "จำเป็น"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jam bpen dtông",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "จำเป็นต้อง"
},
{
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "fiemaʻu"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "-meli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "-malı"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "maty",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "мати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "povynen",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "повинен"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "aer de"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "phải"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"note": "bod rhaid i + pronoun or noun",
"sense": "obligation"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "obligation",
"word": "gorfod"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīdìng",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "一定"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěndìng",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "肯定"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "täytyä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "olla pakko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "biztos"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "biztosan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "bizonyára"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "minden bizonnyal"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "alighanem"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "lesz"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "pasti"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mora",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "мора"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "musieć"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dólžen",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "до́лжен"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžná",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "должна́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžnó",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "должно́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžný",
"sense": "conclusion",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "должны́"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "musieť"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "conclusion",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"note": "bod rhaid bod + pronoun or noun",
"sense": "conclusion"
}
],
"word": "have to"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Swedish: (1,2) __IGNORE__, (1) __IGNORE__",
"path": [
"have to"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "have to",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.