See fiend on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "archfiend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dope fiend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drug fiend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fienddom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendette"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendhood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendkin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendlike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fiendship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lubber fiend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spice fiend"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "feend"
},
"expansion": "Middle English feend",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fēond",
"t": "enemy"
},
"expansion": "Old English fēond (“enemy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fijand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fijand",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Swedish fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fijân"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian fijân",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Feend"
},
"expansion": "Low German Feend",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vijand"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vijand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पीयति",
"3": "",
"4": "(he) reviles",
"tr": "pī́yati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English feend, fēnd, fiend, feond, viend, veond (“enemy; demon”), from Old English fēond (“enemy”), Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.\nCompare Old Norse fjándi (Icelandic fjandi, Danish fjende, Norwegian fiende, Swedish fiende, West Frisian fijân, Low German Feend, Fiend, Dutch vijand, German Feind, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)), with all of them meaning foe. The Old Norse and Gothic terms are present participles of the corresponding verbs fjá/𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fijan, “to hate”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”) (compare Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiends",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fiend (plural fiends)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vi:",
"text": "what God or Feend, or ſpirit of the earth,\nOr Monſter turned to a manly ſhape,\nOr of what mould or mettel he be made, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A devil or demon; a malignant or diabolical being; an evil spirit."
],
"id": "en-fiend-en-noun-hLCDwWET",
"links": [
[
"devil",
"devil"
],
[
"demon",
"demon"
],
[
"malignant",
"malignant"
],
[
"diabolical",
"diabolical"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "monster"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "demon",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "демон"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "dimoni"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "diable"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "惡魔"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "èmó",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "恶魔"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ďábel"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "démon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "zlý duch"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "djævel"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "dæmon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demoon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kwade geest"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demono"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demoni"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "paholainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "pahahenki"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "démon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diaño"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "perete"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "perello"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cachan"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tueiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "déngaro"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xúncaras"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dämon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dämonin"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "böser Geist"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Daímon",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "Δαίμων"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "שטן"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demonio"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "akuma",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "悪魔"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daemon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "tupua"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diabeł"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czart"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demónio"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demônio"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diabo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "démon",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "де́мон"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "демон"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demon"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diablo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diablillo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 0 0 24 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demonio"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 26 9 31 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 8 32 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A very evil person."
],
"id": "en-fiend-en-noun-3aCunhiU",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "monster"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "al-ʔaladdu l-ḵaṣim",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "الْأَلَدُّ الْخَصِم"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zlodej",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злодей"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "惡魔般的人"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "èmóbānderén",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "恶魔般的人"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zloduch"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "djævel"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demoon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "monster"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "demono"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "diablo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "monstro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "senkompatulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "peto"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "riiviö"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "monstre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "démon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "catralvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corrupio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prepia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarulán"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pilitrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fandelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camanduleiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "morgaña"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avol"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teufel"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Monster"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ungeheuer"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "שטני"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "gonosz lélek"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "demonio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "akuma",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "悪魔"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demónio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demônio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diabo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zlodéj",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злоде́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ízverg",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "и́зверг"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "злобник"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "zlobnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "душманин"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "dušmanin"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diablo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "malvado"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 91 0 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "monstruo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 27 28 30 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We waited for our fiend to arrive.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enemy; a foe."
],
"id": "en-fiend-en-noun-xDbSwdUH",
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"foe",
"foe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An enemy; a foe."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 7 2 56 22 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 60 9 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 3 50 22 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 2 41 7 5 20 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 8 59 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 13 47 17 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 12 54 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 7 48 13 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 9 64 12 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 54 10 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 76 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 9 31 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 14 46 17 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 59 9 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 14 46 17 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 8 50 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 5 54 9 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 11 48 14 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 8 32 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 62 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 62 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 12 54 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 62 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 7 57 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 12 54 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 13 44 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 21 7 35 23 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 62 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 7 39 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 66 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 56 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 27 28 30 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 35:",
"text": "At the confirmation ceremony the bishop would lay his hands on the child and tie around its forehead a linen band […]. This was believed to strengthen him against the assaults of the fiend […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The enemy of mankind, specifically, the Devil; Satan."
],
"id": "en-fiend-en-noun-wC2dmHL2",
"links": [
[
"Devil",
"Devil"
],
[
"Satan",
"Satan"
]
],
"qualifier": "religious",
"raw_glosses": [
"(religious, archaic) The enemy of mankind, specifically, the Devil; Satan."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 9 31 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 8 32 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 27 28 30 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dope fiend",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He's been a jazz fiend since his teenage years.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1837 May 27, “The Poor Gentleman”, in New-York Mirror, volume 14, number 48, New York City: [G.P. Morris], →OCLC, page 377:",
"text": "Now the sign of the Lamb is a modern daub, not that which hung like a \"banner on the outward wall,\" when the celebrated \"cigar-fiend\" used to haunt the hostelrie consuming incredible quantities of the best Havanas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1951, J. D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →OCLC, page 64:",
"text": "You could hear him putting away his crumby toilet articles and all, and opening the window. He was a fresh-air fiend.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An addict or fanatic."
],
"id": "en-fiend-en-noun-NIzolohD",
"links": [
[
"addict",
"addict"
],
[
"fanatic",
"fanatic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) An addict or fanatic."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mahwuws",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَهْوُوْس"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pristrasten",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пристрастен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mí",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "迷"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nadšenec"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blázen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanatik"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "entusiast"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "verslaafde"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanaticus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bezetene"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "fanatikulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "toksiĝemulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "toksomaniulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "fano"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "sõltlane"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "addikti"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "addict"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "accro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seide"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanático"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adito"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fanatiker"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Enthusiast"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Süchtiger"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abhängiger"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Besessener"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freak"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "függő"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "valaminek a rabja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viciado"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fanátik",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фана́тик"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "зависник"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "фанатик"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "zavisnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "fanatik"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "(en las drogas) metido"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "adicto"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 5 4 72",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanático"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fiːnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fiend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg/En-us-fiend.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːnd"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɛnd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fend"
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "feend"
},
"expansion": "Middle English feend",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fēond",
"t": "enemy"
},
"expansion": "Old English fēond (“enemy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fijand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fijand",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Swedish fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fijân"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian fijân",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Feend"
},
"expansion": "Low German Feend",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vijand"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vijand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पीयति",
"3": "",
"4": "(he) reviles",
"tr": "pī́yati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English feend, fēnd, fiend, feond, viend, veond (“enemy; demon”), from Old English fēond (“enemy”), Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.\nCompare Old Norse fjándi (Icelandic fjandi, Danish fjende, Norwegian fiende, Swedish fiende, West Frisian fijân, Low German Feend, Fiend, Dutch vijand, German Feind, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)), with all of them meaning foe. The Old Norse and Gothic terms are present participles of the corresponding verbs fjá/𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fijan, “to hate”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”) (compare Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiends",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fiending",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fiended",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fiended",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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}
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 26 9 31 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 8 32 16 13",
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"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
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},
{
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"kind": "topical",
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"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Macy Gray, Jeremy Ruzumna, Jinsoo Lim, David Wilder (lyrics and music), “I Try”:",
"text": "I play it off, but I'm dreaming of you / And I'll try to keep my cool, but I'm fiendin'",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Emma J. Stephens, For a Dancer: The Memoir:",
"text": "I am back in San Francisco at the Clift Hotel, fiending for my fix.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To yearn; to be desperate (for something, especially drugs)."
],
"id": "en-fiend-en-verb-RoI3zbhd",
"links": [
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, intransitive) To yearn; to be desperate (for something, especially drugs)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feen"
},
{
"word": "jones"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "být blázen (do čeho, do koho)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "verrückt sein nach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "estar ansioso por"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "estar loco por"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "ansiar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fiːnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fiend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg/En-us-fiend.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːnd"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɛnd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fend"
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiendes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"g": "",
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"expansion": "fiend",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "fiend (plural fiendes)",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "feend"
}
],
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"_dis": "1 1 1 37 2 4 50 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of feend"
],
"id": "en-fiend-enm-noun-AbYcQmz0",
"links": [
[
"feend",
"feend#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "fīend",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fēond"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative singular of fēond"
],
"id": "en-fiend-ang-noun-nhH1HSDz",
"links": [
[
"fēond",
"feond#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fēond"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative and accusative plural of fēond"
],
"id": "en-fiend-ang-noun-FpDu7PQS",
"links": [
[
"fēond",
"feond#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fi͜yːnd/"
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English noun forms",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːnd",
"Rhymes:English/iːnd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "archfiend"
},
{
"word": "dope fiend"
},
{
"word": "drug fiend"
},
{
"word": "fienddom"
},
{
"word": "fiendess"
},
{
"word": "fiendette"
},
{
"word": "fiendful"
},
{
"word": "fiendhood"
},
{
"word": "fiendish"
},
{
"word": "fiendkin"
},
{
"word": "fiendlike"
},
{
"word": "fiendling"
},
{
"word": "fiendly"
},
{
"word": "fiendness"
},
{
"word": "fiendship"
},
{
"word": "lubber fiend"
},
{
"word": "spice fiend"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "feend"
},
"expansion": "Middle English feend",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fēond",
"t": "enemy"
},
"expansion": "Old English fēond (“enemy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fijand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fijand",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Swedish fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fijân"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian fijân",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Feend"
},
"expansion": "Low German Feend",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vijand"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vijand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पीयति",
"3": "",
"4": "(he) reviles",
"tr": "pī́yati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English feend, fēnd, fiend, feond, viend, veond (“enemy; demon”), from Old English fēond (“enemy”), Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.\nCompare Old Norse fjándi (Icelandic fjandi, Danish fjende, Norwegian fiende, Swedish fiende, West Frisian fijân, Low German Feend, Fiend, Dutch vijand, German Feind, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)), with all of them meaning foe. The Old Norse and Gothic terms are present participles of the corresponding verbs fjá/𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fijan, “to hate”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”) (compare Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiends",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fiend (plural fiends)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vi:",
"text": "what God or Feend, or ſpirit of the earth,\nOr Monſter turned to a manly ſhape,\nOr of what mould or mettel he be made, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A devil or demon; a malignant or diabolical being; an evil spirit."
],
"links": [
[
"devil",
"devil"
],
[
"demon",
"demon"
],
[
"malignant",
"malignant"
],
[
"diabolical",
"diabolical"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "monster"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A very evil person."
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "monster"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We waited for our fiend to arrive.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enemy; a foe."
],
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"foe",
"foe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An enemy; a foe."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 35:",
"text": "At the confirmation ceremony the bishop would lay his hands on the child and tie around its forehead a linen band […]. This was believed to strengthen him against the assaults of the fiend […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The enemy of mankind, specifically, the Devil; Satan."
],
"links": [
[
"Devil",
"Devil"
],
[
"Satan",
"Satan"
]
],
"qualifier": "religious",
"raw_glosses": [
"(religious, archaic) The enemy of mankind, specifically, the Devil; Satan."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dope fiend",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He's been a jazz fiend since his teenage years.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1837 May 27, “The Poor Gentleman”, in New-York Mirror, volume 14, number 48, New York City: [G.P. Morris], →OCLC, page 377:",
"text": "Now the sign of the Lamb is a modern daub, not that which hung like a \"banner on the outward wall,\" when the celebrated \"cigar-fiend\" used to haunt the hostelrie consuming incredible quantities of the best Havanas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1951, J. D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →OCLC, page 64:",
"text": "You could hear him putting away his crumby toilet articles and all, and opening the window. He was a fresh-air fiend.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An addict or fanatic."
],
"links": [
[
"addict",
"addict"
],
[
"fanatic",
"fanatic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) An addict or fanatic."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fiːnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fiend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg/En-us-fiend.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːnd"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɛnd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fend"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "demon",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "демон"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "dimoni"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "diable"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "惡魔"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "èmó",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "恶魔"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ďábel"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "démon"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "zlý duch"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "djævel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "dæmon"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demoon"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kwade geest"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demono"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demoni"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "paholainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "pahahenki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "démon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diaño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "perete"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "perello"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cachan"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tueiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "déngaro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xúncaras"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dämon"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dämonin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "böser Geist"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Daímon",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "Δαίμων"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "שטן"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demonio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "akuma",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "悪魔"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daemon"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "tupua"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demon"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diabeł"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czart"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demónio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demônio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diabo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "démon",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "де́мон"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "демон"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "demon",
"word": "demon"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diablo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diablillo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "demon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demonio"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "al-ʔaladdu l-ḵaṣim",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "الْأَلَدُّ الْخَصِم"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zlodej",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злодей"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "惡魔般的人"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "èmóbānderén",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "恶魔般的人"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zloduch"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "djævel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "demoon"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "monster"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "demono"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "diablo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "monstro"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "senkompatulo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "peto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "riiviö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "monstre"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "démon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "catralvo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corrupio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruin"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prepia"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarulán"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pilitrón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fandelo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camanduleiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "morgaña"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avol"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teufel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Monster"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ungeheuer"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "שטני"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "gonosz lélek"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "demonio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "akuma",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "悪魔"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demónio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "demônio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diabo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zlodéj",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злоде́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ízverg",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "и́зверг"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "злобник"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "zlobnik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "душманин"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "very evil person",
"word": "dušmanin"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diablo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "malvado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very evil person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "monstruo"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mahwuws",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَهْوُوْس"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pristrasten",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пристрастен"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mí",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "迷"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nadšenec"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blázen"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanatik"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "entusiast"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "verslaafde"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanaticus"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bezetene"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "fanatikulo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "toksiĝemulo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "toksomaniulo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "fano"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "sõltlane"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "addikti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "addict"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "accro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seide"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanático"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adito"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fanatiker"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Enthusiast"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Süchtiger"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abhängiger"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Besessener"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freak"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "függő"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "valaminek a rabja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viciado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fanátik",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фана́тик"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "зависник"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "фанатик"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "zavisnik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "fanatik"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "(en las drogas) metido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"word": "adicto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "addict, fanatic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fanático"
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English noun forms",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːnd",
"Rhymes:English/iːnd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "feend"
},
"expansion": "Middle English feend",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fēond",
"t": "enemy"
},
"expansion": "Old English fēond (“enemy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fijand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fijand",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fiende"
},
"expansion": "Swedish fiende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fijân"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian fijân",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Feend"
},
"expansion": "Low German Feend",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vijand"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vijand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पीयति",
"3": "",
"4": "(he) reviles",
"tr": "pī́yati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English feend, fēnd, fiend, feond, viend, veond (“enemy; demon”), from Old English fēond (“enemy”), Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.\nCompare Old Norse fjándi (Icelandic fjandi, Danish fjende, Norwegian fiende, Swedish fiende, West Frisian fijân, Low German Feend, Fiend, Dutch vijand, German Feind, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)), with all of them meaning foe. The Old Norse and Gothic terms are present participles of the corresponding verbs fjá/𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fijan, “to hate”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”) (compare Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati, “(he) reviles”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiends",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fiending",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fiended",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fiended",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fiend (third-person singular simple present fiends, present participle fiending, simple past and past participle fiended)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Macy Gray, Jeremy Ruzumna, Jinsoo Lim, David Wilder (lyrics and music), “I Try”:",
"text": "I play it off, but I'm dreaming of you / And I'll try to keep my cool, but I'm fiendin'",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Emma J. Stephens, For a Dancer: The Memoir:",
"text": "I am back in San Francisco at the Clift Hotel, fiending for my fix.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To yearn; to be desperate (for something, especially drugs)."
],
"links": [
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, intransitive) To yearn; to be desperate (for something, especially drugs)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fiːnd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fiend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg/En-us-fiend.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-us-fiend.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːnd"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɛnd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feen"
},
{
"word": "jones"
},
{
"word": "fend"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "být blázen (do čeho, do koho)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "verrückt sein nach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "estar ansioso por"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "estar loco por"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "be desperate for something",
"word": "ansiar"
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English noun forms",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiendes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fiend",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fiendes"
},
"expansion": "fiend (plural fiendes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "feend"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of feend"
],
"links": [
[
"feend",
"feend#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English noun forms",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fīend",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "fīend"
},
"expansion": "fīend",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fēond"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative singular of fēond"
],
"links": [
[
"fēond",
"feond#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fēond"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative and accusative plural of fēond"
],
"links": [
[
"fēond",
"feond#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fi͜yːnd/"
}
],
"word": "fiend"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fiend meaning in All languages combined (29.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.