"悪魔" meaning in Japanese

See 悪魔 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [a̠kɯ̟ᵝma̠] Forms: 悪魔 [canonical] (ruby: (あく), ()), akuma [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 惡魔 (MC 'ak ma, literally “bad, evil + demon”). Etymology templates: {{der|ja|ltc|-|sort=あくま}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|惡魔|id=3,1|lit=bad, evil + demon}} 惡魔 (MC 'ak ma, literally “bad, evil + demon”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|あくま}} 悪(あく)魔(ま) • (akuma)
  1. a fiend, a demon, a devil
    Sense id: en-悪魔-ja-noun-f-T-Qibl Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant script codes, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 36 11 38 15
  2. (figurative) a fiend (very evil person) Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-悪魔-ja-noun-X9W42Q~H Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 36 11 38 15
  3. (tarot) the Devil Categories (topical): Cartomancy, Religion, Theology
    Sense id: en-悪魔-ja-noun-wW5T7RPL Disambiguation of Religion: 0 0 51 49 Disambiguation of Theology: 2 2 62 33 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 12 11 55 21 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 36 11 38 15 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 13 20 50 17 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 15 23 43 18 Topics: human-sciences, mysticism, philosophy, sciences, tarot
  4. (Buddhism) a mara, a demon seeking to prevent enlightenment Categories (topical): Buddhism, Mythological creatures, Religion
    Sense id: en-悪魔-ja-noun-1MbDr2XY Disambiguation of Mythological creatures: 5 6 31 57 Disambiguation of Religion: 0 0 51 49 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 36 11 38 15 Topics: Buddhism, lifestyle, religion
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 悪魔の運 (akuma no un) (ruby: (あく), (), (うん)) (english: devil's luck) Related terms: デーモン (dēmon), デビル (debiru)

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for 悪魔 meaning in Japanese (8.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "devil's luck",
      "roman": "akuma no un",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "悪",
          "あく"
        ],
        [
          "魔",
          "ま"
        ],
        [
          "運",
          "うん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "悪魔の運"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "あくま"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "惡魔",
        "id": "3,1",
        "lit": "bad, evil + demon"
      },
      "expansion": "惡魔 (MC 'ak ma, literally “bad, evil + demon”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 惡魔 (MC 'ak ma, literally “bad, evil + demon”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "悪魔",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "悪",
          "あく"
        ],
        [
          "魔",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akuma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あくま"
      },
      "expansion": "悪(あく)魔(ま) • (akuma)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dēmon",
      "word": "デーモン"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "debiru",
      "word": "デビル"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 11 38 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "No, no no, that’s not what I meant. It’s just that I’m taken aback by the fact that you really buy that I’m the Devil.",
          "ref": "1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “メフィスト惨歌 [Mephisto Damnal]”, in カンビュセスの籤 (藤子不二雄 SF全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, 第二章, pages 442–443",
          "roman": "Iya Iya iya Sō ja nai kedo Itsumo Mazu boku ga Akuma datte koto o nomikomaseru no ni ōase ka iteru mono da kara",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "籤",
              "くじ"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "存",
              "そん"
            ],
            [
              "在",
              "ざい"
            ],
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "現",
              "げん"
            ],
            [
              "存",
              "そん"
            ],
            [
              "在",
              "ざい"
            ],
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "二",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "十",
              "じっ"
            ],
            [
              "世",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "紀",
              "き"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "ほん"
            ],
            [
              "科",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "学",
              "がく"
            ],
            [
              "文",
              "ぶん"
            ],
            [
              "明",
              "めい"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "大",
              "おお"
            ],
            [
              "汗",
              "あせ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ああ びっくりした なんだ悪魔か\nĀ Bikkuri shita Nan da Akuma ka\nWhoa, you scared me. So you’re the Devil, huh?\nな……「なんだ悪魔か」?あんた悪魔の存在なんか信じる?\nNa……“Nan da Akuma ka”? Anta Akuma no sonzai nan ka shinjiru?\nWha… “So you’re the Devil”? You believe the Devil exists?\n信じるのって 現にきみ存在してるじゃない\nShinjiru notte Gen ni kimi sonzai shiteru ja nai\nWhat do you mean? You exist right there, don’t you?\nいやしかし ほんとに信じる?この二十世紀の日本で?この科学文明の……\nIya shikashi Honto ni shinjiru? Kono nijisseiki no Nihon de? Kono kagaku bunmei no……\nYeah, but, you really believe that? In 20th century Japan? In this scientific civilization…\nそんなにうたぐってほしいの\nSonna ni utagutte hoshii no\nIs it that outlandish?\nいや いやいや そうじゃないけど いつも まずぼくが悪魔だってことをのみこませるのに大汗かいてるものだから"
        },
        {
          "english": "A daemon who bewilders the human heart with dark powers. He boasts of his tremendous power amongst the Demon Tribe.",
          "ref": "2001 September 20, “デーモンの召喚”, in Struggle of Chaos ―闇を制する者― [Struggle of Chaos: Commanders of Darkness], Konami",
          "roman": "Yami no chikara o tsukai, hito no kokoro o madowasu dēmon. Akuma-zoku de wa kanari kyōryoku na chikara o hokoru.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "召",
              "しょう"
            ],
            [
              "喚",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "闇",
              "やみ"
            ],
            [
              "力",
              "ちから"
            ],
            [
              "使",
              "つか"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "ひと"
            ],
            [
              "心",
              "こころ"
            ],
            [
              "惑",
              "まど"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "強",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "力",
              "りょく"
            ],
            [
              "力",
              "ちから"
            ],
            [
              "誇",
              "ほこ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "闇の力を使い、人の心を惑わすデーモン。悪魔族ではかなり強力な力を誇る。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a fiend, a demon, a devil"
      ],
      "id": "en-悪魔-ja-noun-f-T-Qibl",
      "links": [
        [
          "fiend",
          "fiend"
        ],
        [
          "demon",
          "demon"
        ],
        [
          "devil",
          "devil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 11 38 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a fiend (very evil person)"
      ],
      "id": "en-悪魔-ja-noun-X9W42Q~H",
      "links": [
        [
          "fiend",
          "fiend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) a fiend (very evil person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Cartomancy",
          "orig": "ja:Cartomancy",
          "parents": [
            "Divination",
            "Occult",
            "Forteana",
            "Religion",
            "Pseudoscience",
            "Culture",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 11 55 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 11 38 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 20 50 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 23 43 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 51 49",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "ja:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 62 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Theology",
          "orig": "ja:Theology",
          "parents": [
            "Philosophy",
            "Religion",
            "All topics",
            "Culture",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the Devil"
      ],
      "id": "en-悪魔-ja-noun-wW5T7RPL",
      "links": [
        [
          "tarot",
          "tarot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(tarot) the Devil"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences",
        "tarot"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Buddhism",
          "orig": "ja:Buddhism",
          "parents": [
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 11 38 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 6 31 57",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mythological creatures",
          "orig": "ja:Mythological creatures",
          "parents": [
            "Fantasy",
            "Mythology",
            "Fiction",
            "Speculative fiction",
            "Culture",
            "Artistic works",
            "Genres",
            "Society",
            "Art",
            "Entertainment",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 51 49",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "ja:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a mara, a demon seeking to prevent enlightenment"
      ],
      "id": "en-悪魔-ja-noun-1MbDr2XY",
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "mara",
          "mara#English-Buddhist_mara"
        ],
        [
          "enlightenment",
          "enlightenment"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) a mara, a demon seeking to prevent enlightenment"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "あくま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠kɯ̟ᵝma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:悪魔"
  ],
  "word": "悪魔"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "ja:Mythological creatures",
    "ja:Religion",
    "ja:Theology"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "devil's luck",
      "roman": "akuma no un",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "悪",
          "あく"
        ],
        [
          "魔",
          "ま"
        ],
        [
          "運",
          "うん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "悪魔の運"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "あくま"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "惡魔",
        "id": "3,1",
        "lit": "bad, evil + demon"
      },
      "expansion": "惡魔 (MC 'ak ma, literally “bad, evil + demon”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 惡魔 (MC 'ak ma, literally “bad, evil + demon”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "悪魔",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "悪",
          "あく"
        ],
        [
          "魔",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akuma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あくま"
      },
      "expansion": "悪(あく)魔(ま) • (akuma)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "dēmon",
      "word": "デーモン"
    },
    {
      "roman": "debiru",
      "word": "デビル"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "No, no no, that’s not what I meant. It’s just that I’m taken aback by the fact that you really buy that I’m the Devil.",
          "ref": "1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “メフィスト惨歌 [Mephisto Damnal]”, in カンビュセスの籤 (藤子不二雄 SF全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, 第二章, pages 442–443",
          "roman": "Iya Iya iya Sō ja nai kedo Itsumo Mazu boku ga Akuma datte koto o nomikomaseru no ni ōase ka iteru mono da kara",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "籤",
              "くじ"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "存",
              "そん"
            ],
            [
              "在",
              "ざい"
            ],
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "現",
              "げん"
            ],
            [
              "存",
              "そん"
            ],
            [
              "在",
              "ざい"
            ],
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "二",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "十",
              "じっ"
            ],
            [
              "世",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "紀",
              "き"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "ほん"
            ],
            [
              "科",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "学",
              "がく"
            ],
            [
              "文",
              "ぶん"
            ],
            [
              "明",
              "めい"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "大",
              "おお"
            ],
            [
              "汗",
              "あせ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ああ びっくりした なんだ悪魔か\nĀ Bikkuri shita Nan da Akuma ka\nWhoa, you scared me. So you’re the Devil, huh?\nな……「なんだ悪魔か」?あんた悪魔の存在なんか信じる?\nNa……“Nan da Akuma ka”? Anta Akuma no sonzai nan ka shinjiru?\nWha… “So you’re the Devil”? You believe the Devil exists?\n信じるのって 現にきみ存在してるじゃない\nShinjiru notte Gen ni kimi sonzai shiteru ja nai\nWhat do you mean? You exist right there, don’t you?\nいやしかし ほんとに信じる?この二十世紀の日本で?この科学文明の……\nIya shikashi Honto ni shinjiru? Kono nijisseiki no Nihon de? Kono kagaku bunmei no……\nYeah, but, you really believe that? In 20th century Japan? In this scientific civilization…\nそんなにうたぐってほしいの\nSonna ni utagutte hoshii no\nIs it that outlandish?\nいや いやいや そうじゃないけど いつも まずぼくが悪魔だってことをのみこませるのに大汗かいてるものだから"
        },
        {
          "english": "A daemon who bewilders the human heart with dark powers. He boasts of his tremendous power amongst the Demon Tribe.",
          "ref": "2001 September 20, “デーモンの召喚”, in Struggle of Chaos ―闇を制する者― [Struggle of Chaos: Commanders of Darkness], Konami",
          "roman": "Yami no chikara o tsukai, hito no kokoro o madowasu dēmon. Akuma-zoku de wa kanari kyōryoku na chikara o hokoru.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "召",
              "しょう"
            ],
            [
              "喚",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "闇",
              "やみ"
            ],
            [
              "力",
              "ちから"
            ],
            [
              "使",
              "つか"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "ひと"
            ],
            [
              "心",
              "こころ"
            ],
            [
              "惑",
              "まど"
            ],
            [
              "悪",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "魔",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "強",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "力",
              "りょく"
            ],
            [
              "力",
              "ちから"
            ],
            [
              "誇",
              "ほこ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "闇の力を使い、人の心を惑わすデーモン。悪魔族ではかなり強力な力を誇る。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a fiend, a demon, a devil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fiend",
          "fiend"
        ],
        [
          "demon",
          "demon"
        ],
        [
          "devil",
          "devil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a fiend (very evil person)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fiend",
          "fiend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) a fiend (very evil person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Cartomancy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the Devil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tarot",
          "tarot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(tarot) the Devil"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences",
        "tarot"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Buddhism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a mara, a demon seeking to prevent enlightenment"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "mara",
          "mara#English-Buddhist_mara"
        ],
        [
          "enlightenment",
          "enlightenment"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) a mara, a demon seeking to prevent enlightenment"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "あくま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠kɯ̟ᵝma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:悪魔"
  ],
  "word": "悪魔"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "悪魔"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "悪魔",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.