See il in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "From earlier 'l, a reduced form of lo. The initial i- is a svarabhakti vowel added in order to make the pronunciation easier. Proof of this is De scriptura nigra (a work in Old Lombard) only employing il to mean “the”, and el to mean “he/him”. Also, works in 1400’s Tuscan showing both “il” and “el”, yet with no forms such as “de Roma” instead of “di Roma” appearing, prove that il does not originate as a pretonic evolved form of el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "il",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lo (l')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "la (l')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "le",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "el",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "'l",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
},
{
"form": "i'",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "article",
"3": "plural",
"4": "i",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "il m sg (plural i)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "article",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the"
],
"id": "en-il-it-article-uXdtfd9F",
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-Happypheasant-il.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿jl/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿l/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
}
],
"word": "il"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From earlier 'l, a reduced form of lo. The initial i- is a svarabhakti vowel added in order to make the pronunciation easier. Proof of this is De scriptura nigra (a work in Old Lombard) only employing il to mean “the”, and el to mean “he/him”. Also, works in 1400’s Tuscan showing both “il” and “el”, yet with no forms such as “de Roma” instead of “di Roma” appearing, prove that il does not originate as a pretonic evolved form of el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "el",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "'l",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
},
{
"form": "i'",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "personal pronoun",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "il m sg",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tuscan Italian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
74,
76
]
],
"english": "The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate",
"ref": "1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto VIII”, in Inferno [Hell], lines 62-64; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate], 2ⁿᵈ revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:",
"text": "e ’l fiorentino spirito bizzarro\nin sé medesmo si volvea co’ denti.\nQuivi il lasciammo, che più non ne narro;",
"translation": "The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tuscan form of lo"
],
"id": "en-il-it-pron-NIGY6jFp",
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-Happypheasant-il.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿jl/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿l/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
}
],
"word": "il"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From earlier 'l, a reduced form of lo. The initial i- is a svarabhakti vowel added in order to make the pronunciation easier. Proof of this is De scriptura nigra (a work in Old Lombard) only employing il to mean “the”, and el to mean “he/him”. Also, works in 1400’s Tuscan showing both “il” and “el”, yet with no forms such as “de Roma” instead of “di Roma” appearing, prove that il does not originate as a pretonic evolved form of el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "el",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "'l",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
},
{
"form": "i'",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "demonstrative",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "il m sg (demonstrative)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian articles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian personal pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"ref": "1349–1353, Giovanni Boccaccio, “Proemio”, in Decameron; republished as Aldo Francesco Massera, editor, Il Decameron, volume 1, Bari: Laterza, 1927:",
"text": "Il che se avviene, che voglia Iddio che cosí sia, ad Amore ne rendano grazie, il quale liberandomi da’ suoi legami m’ha conceduto di potere attendere a’ loro piaceri.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of ciò"
],
"id": "en-il-it-pron-kQN7UIdH",
"links": [
[
"ciò",
"ciò#Italian"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "io"
},
{
"word": "tu"
},
{
"word": "Lei"
},
{
"word": "Ella8"
},
{
"word": "lui"
},
{
"word": "egli8"
},
{
"word": "ello8"
},
{
"word": "elli3"
},
{
"word": "8"
},
{
"word": "esso8"
},
{
"word": "lei"
},
{
"word": "ella8"
},
{
"word": "essa8"
},
{
"word": "noi"
},
{
"word": "voi"
},
{
"word": "Voi7"
},
{
"word": "Loro"
},
{
"word": "loro"
},
{
"word": "ellino4"
},
{
"word": "eglino4"
},
{
"word": "essi8"
},
{
"word": "elle3"
},
{
"word": "elleno4"
},
{
"word": "esse8"
},
{
"word": "mi"
},
{
"word": "m'"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"word": "me9"
},
{
"word": "ti"
},
{
"word": "t'"
},
{
"word": "-ti"
},
{
"word": "te9"
},
{
"word": "―"
},
{
"word": "si6"
},
{
"word": "s'"
},
{
"word": "-si"
},
{
"word": "se9"
},
{
"word": "ci"
},
{
"word": "c'"
},
{
"word": "-ci"
},
{
"word": "ce9"
},
{
"word": "vi"
},
{
"word": "Vi7"
},
{
"word": "v'"
},
{
"word": "V'7"
},
{
"word": "-vi"
},
{
"word": "-Vi7"
},
{
"word": "ve9"
},
{
"word": "si"
},
{
"word": "La"
},
{
"word": "-La"
},
{
"word": "L'"
},
{
"word": "lo"
},
{
"word": "l'"
},
{
"word": "-lo"
},
{
"word": "il4"
},
{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "-la"
},
{
"word": "Le"
},
{
"word": "-Le"
},
{
"word": "li"
},
{
"word": "-li"
},
{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "-le"
},
{
"word": "glie9"
},
{
"word": "Loro10"
},
{
"word": "loro10"
},
{
"word": "gli2"
},
{
"word": "-gli2"
},
{
"word": "gli"
},
{
"word": "-gli"
},
{
"word": "vi1"
},
{
"word": "v'1"
},
{
"word": "ne"
},
{
"word": "n'"
},
{
"word": "sé"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "te"
},
{
"word": "elle8"
},
{
"word": "1"
},
{
"word": "Formal"
},
{
"word": "2"
},
{
"word": "Informal"
},
{
"word": "3"
},
{
"word": "Archaic"
},
{
"word": "4"
},
{
"word": "Obsolete"
},
{
"word": "5"
},
{
"word": "Grammatically third person forms used semantically in the second person as a formal"
},
{
"english": "with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects",
"translation": "with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects",
"word": "polite way of addressing someone. Unlike the singular forms"
},
{
"word": "the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language"
},
{
"word": "and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead"
},
{
"word": "6"
},
{
"english": "one",
"translation": "one",
"word": "Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning"
},
{
"word": "and to form the passive"
},
{
"word": "7"
},
{
"english": "capitalisation optional",
"translation": "capitalisation optional",
"word": "Formal"
},
{
"word": "in many regions"
},
{
"english": "compare with French vous",
"translation": "compare with French vous",
"word": "can refer to just one person"
},
{
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "Traditional grammars still indicate the forms egli"
},
{
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "ello"
},
{
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "ella"
},
{
"word": "esso"
},
{
"word": "essa and their plurals as the nominative forms of the third person pronouns"
},
{
"word": "outside of very formal"
},
{
"word": "archaizing contexts"
},
{
"word": "all such forms have been replaced by the obliques lui"
},
{
"word": "9"
},
{
"english": "lo, la, li, le, or ne",
"translation": "lo, la, li, le, or ne",
"word": "Forms used when followed by a third-person direct object proclitic"
},
{
"word": "10"
},
{
"word": "Used after verbs"
},
{
"word": "11"
},
{
"word": "Unstressed forms"
},
{
"alt": "except dative loro / Loro",
"word": "stand alone forms are found proclitically"
},
{
"alt": "-mi, -ti",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "others enclitically"
},
{
"word": "12"
},
{
"word": "Disjunctive"
},
{
"word": "emphatic oblique forms used as direct objects placed after verbs"
},
{
"word": "in exclamations"
},
{
"english": "come, quanto",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"usually"
],
"translation": "come, quanto",
"word": "along prepositions and some adverbs"
},
{
"word": "also used with a to create alternative emphatic dative forms"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ciò"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"demonstrative",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-Happypheasant-il.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿jl/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿l/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
}
],
"word": "il"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian articles",
"Italian dated terms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian obsolete terms",
"Italian personal pronouns",
"Italian pronouns",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 30 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya transitive verbs",
"Yucatec Maya verbs"
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier 'l, a reduced form of lo. The initial i- is a svarabhakti vowel added in order to make the pronunciation easier. Proof of this is De scriptura nigra (a work in Old Lombard) only employing il to mean “the”, and el to mean “he/him”. Also, works in 1400’s Tuscan showing both “il” and “el”, yet with no forms such as “de Roma” instead of “di Roma” appearing, prove that il does not originate as a pretonic evolved form of el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "il",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lo (l')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "la (l')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "le",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "el",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "'l",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
},
{
"form": "i'",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "article",
"3": "plural",
"4": "i",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "il m sg (plural i)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "article",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the"
],
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-Happypheasant-il.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿jl/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿l/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
}
],
"word": "il"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian articles",
"Italian dated terms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian obsolete terms",
"Italian personal pronouns",
"Italian pronouns",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 30 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya transitive verbs",
"Yucatec Maya verbs"
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier 'l, a reduced form of lo. The initial i- is a svarabhakti vowel added in order to make the pronunciation easier. Proof of this is De scriptura nigra (a work in Old Lombard) only employing il to mean “the”, and el to mean “he/him”. Also, works in 1400’s Tuscan showing both “il” and “el”, yet with no forms such as “de Roma” instead of “di Roma” appearing, prove that il does not originate as a pretonic evolved form of el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "el",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "'l",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
},
{
"form": "i'",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "personal pronoun",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "il m sg",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Italian quotations",
"Tuscan Italian"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
74,
76
]
],
"english": "The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate",
"ref": "1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto VIII”, in Inferno [Hell], lines 62-64; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate], 2ⁿᵈ revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:",
"text": "e ’l fiorentino spirito bizzarro\nin sé medesmo si volvea co’ denti.\nQuivi il lasciammo, che più non ne narro;",
"translation": "The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tuscan form of lo"
],
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-Happypheasant-il.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿jl/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿l/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
}
],
"word": "il"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian articles",
"Italian dated terms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian obsolete terms",
"Italian personal pronouns",
"Italian pronouns",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 30 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya transitive verbs",
"Yucatec Maya verbs"
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier 'l, a reduced form of lo. The initial i- is a svarabhakti vowel added in order to make the pronunciation easier. Proof of this is De scriptura nigra (a work in Old Lombard) only employing il to mean “the”, and el to mean “he/him”. Also, works in 1400’s Tuscan showing both “il” and “el”, yet with no forms such as “de Roma” instead of “di Roma” appearing, prove that il does not originate as a pretonic evolved form of el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "el",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "'l",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
},
{
"form": "i'",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "demonstrative",
"g": "m-s"
},
"expansion": "il m sg (demonstrative)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "io"
},
{
"word": "tu"
},
{
"word": "Lei"
},
{
"word": "Ella8"
},
{
"word": "lui"
},
{
"word": "egli8"
},
{
"word": "ello8"
},
{
"word": "elli3"
},
{
"word": "8"
},
{
"word": "esso8"
},
{
"word": "lei"
},
{
"word": "ella8"
},
{
"word": "essa8"
},
{
"word": "noi"
},
{
"word": "voi"
},
{
"word": "Voi7"
},
{
"word": "Loro"
},
{
"word": "loro"
},
{
"word": "ellino4"
},
{
"word": "eglino4"
},
{
"word": "essi8"
},
{
"word": "elle3"
},
{
"word": "elleno4"
},
{
"word": "esse8"
},
{
"word": "mi"
},
{
"word": "m'"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"word": "me9"
},
{
"word": "ti"
},
{
"word": "t'"
},
{
"word": "-ti"
},
{
"word": "te9"
},
{
"word": "―"
},
{
"word": "si6"
},
{
"word": "s'"
},
{
"word": "-si"
},
{
"word": "se9"
},
{
"word": "ci"
},
{
"word": "c'"
},
{
"word": "-ci"
},
{
"word": "ce9"
},
{
"word": "vi"
},
{
"word": "Vi7"
},
{
"word": "v'"
},
{
"word": "V'7"
},
{
"word": "-vi"
},
{
"word": "-Vi7"
},
{
"word": "ve9"
},
{
"word": "si"
},
{
"word": "La"
},
{
"word": "-La"
},
{
"word": "L'"
},
{
"word": "lo"
},
{
"word": "l'"
},
{
"word": "-lo"
},
{
"word": "il4"
},
{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "-la"
},
{
"word": "Le"
},
{
"word": "-Le"
},
{
"word": "li"
},
{
"word": "-li"
},
{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "-le"
},
{
"word": "glie9"
},
{
"word": "Loro10"
},
{
"word": "loro10"
},
{
"word": "gli2"
},
{
"word": "-gli2"
},
{
"word": "gli"
},
{
"word": "-gli"
},
{
"word": "vi1"
},
{
"word": "v'1"
},
{
"word": "ne"
},
{
"word": "n'"
},
{
"word": "sé"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "te"
},
{
"word": "elle8"
},
{
"word": "1"
},
{
"word": "Formal"
},
{
"word": "2"
},
{
"word": "Informal"
},
{
"word": "3"
},
{
"word": "Archaic"
},
{
"word": "4"
},
{
"word": "Obsolete"
},
{
"word": "5"
},
{
"word": "Grammatically third person forms used semantically in the second person as a formal"
},
{
"english": "with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects",
"translation": "with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects",
"word": "polite way of addressing someone. Unlike the singular forms"
},
{
"word": "the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language"
},
{
"word": "and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead"
},
{
"word": "6"
},
{
"english": "one",
"translation": "one",
"word": "Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning"
},
{
"word": "and to form the passive"
},
{
"word": "7"
},
{
"english": "capitalisation optional",
"translation": "capitalisation optional",
"word": "Formal"
},
{
"word": "in many regions"
},
{
"english": "compare with French vous",
"translation": "compare with French vous",
"word": "can refer to just one person"
},
{
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "Traditional grammars still indicate the forms egli"
},
{
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "ello"
},
{
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "ella"
},
{
"word": "esso"
},
{
"word": "essa and their plurals as the nominative forms of the third person pronouns"
},
{
"word": "outside of very formal"
},
{
"word": "archaizing contexts"
},
{
"word": "all such forms have been replaced by the obliques lui"
},
{
"word": "9"
},
{
"english": "lo, la, li, le, or ne",
"translation": "lo, la, li, le, or ne",
"word": "Forms used when followed by a third-person direct object proclitic"
},
{
"word": "10"
},
{
"word": "Used after verbs"
},
{
"word": "11"
},
{
"word": "Unstressed forms"
},
{
"alt": "except dative loro / Loro",
"word": "stand alone forms are found proclitically"
},
{
"alt": "-mi, -ti",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "others enclitically"
},
{
"word": "12"
},
{
"word": "Disjunctive"
},
{
"word": "emphatic oblique forms used as direct objects placed after verbs"
},
{
"word": "in exclamations"
},
{
"english": "come, quanto",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"usually"
],
"translation": "come, quanto",
"word": "along prepositions and some adverbs"
},
{
"word": "also used with a to create alternative emphatic dative forms"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Italian quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"ref": "1349–1353, Giovanni Boccaccio, “Proemio”, in Decameron; republished as Aldo Francesco Massera, editor, Il Decameron, volume 1, Bari: Laterza, 1927:",
"text": "Il che se avviene, che voglia Iddio che cosí sia, ad Amore ne rendano grazie, il quale liberandomi da’ suoi legami m’ha conceduto di potere attendere a’ loro piaceri.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of ciò"
],
"links": [
[
"ciò",
"ciò#Italian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ciò"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"demonstrative",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-Happypheasant-il.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-Happypheasant-il.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿jl/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/‿l/",
"note": "after vowels"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
}
],
"word": "il"
}
Download raw JSONL data for il meaning in Italian (11.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (a0f6d7f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.