See thistle in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "artichoke thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
"word": "blessed milk thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "blessed thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirsium vulgare",
"word": "bull thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirsium arvense",
"word": "Canada thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Carlina spp. et al.",
"word": "carline thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "common sow thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirsium arvense",
"word": "corn thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Onopordum acanthium",
"word": "cotton thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "creeping thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwarf thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "edible thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "European swamp thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuller's thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Echinops spp.",
"word": "globe thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "golden thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hedgehog thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Indian thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Italian thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Kansas thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
"word": "Marian thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirsium palustre",
"word": "marsh thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
"word": "Mary thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
"word": "Mediterranean milk thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "melancholy thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "milk thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "musk thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nodding thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pasture thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pine thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirsium vulgare",
"word": "plumed thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Plymouth thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirsium vulgare",
"word": "roadside thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Salsola australis",
"word": "Russian thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
"word": "Saint Mary's thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Onopordum acanthium et al.",
"word": "Scotch thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shore thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "soldier thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sow-thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Sonchus spp.",
"word": "sow thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirsium vulgare",
"word": "spear thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "star-thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "star thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centaurea spp'",
"word": "starthistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "stemless thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tall thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Vanessa spp.",
"word": "thistle butterfly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistle button"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistle crown"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistledown"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistlefinch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistle funnel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistle sage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistle tube"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "thistly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tumble thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
"word": "variegated thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Watling Street thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "way thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wood-thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "yellow thistle"
}
],
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{
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)teyg-"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þistel"
},
"expansion": "Old English þistel",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þistil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þistil",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þistilaz",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)teyg-",
"t": "to prick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to prick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stick"
},
"expansion": "English stick",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "thrissel"
},
"expansion": "Scots thrissel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Distel"
},
"expansion": "German Distel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "distel"
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"expansion": "Dutch distel",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "þistill"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic þistill",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thistel, from Old English þistel, from Proto-West Germanic *þistil, from Proto-Germanic *þistilaz. *þīh- from *teyg-, which is a variant of Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to prick”); from this same Proto-Indo-European root comes English stick.\nCognates include Scots thrissel, German Distel, Dutch distel and Icelandic þistill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thistles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "thistle (plural thistles)",
"name": "en-noun"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
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{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 3:18:",
"text": "Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field [...].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Joanna Newsom (lyrics and music), “Sawdust and Diamonds”, in Ys:",
"text": "I wasn’t born of a whistle, or milked from a thistle at twilight / No; I was all horns and thorns, sprung out fully formed, knock-kneed and upright",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several perennial composite plants, especially of genera Cirsium, Carduus, Cynara, or Onopordum, having prickly leaves and showy flower heads with prickly bracts."
],
"id": "en-thistle-en-noun-en:Q538906",
"links": [
[
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"perennial"
],
[
"composite",
"composite"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"genera",
"genera"
],
[
"Cirsium",
"Cirsium#Translingual"
],
[
"Carduus",
"Carduus#Translingual"
],
[
"Cynara",
"Cynara#Translingual"
],
[
"Onopordum",
"Onopordum#Translingual"
],
[
"prickly",
"prickly"
],
[
"leaves",
"leaves"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"flower head",
"flower head"
],
[
"bract",
"bract"
]
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{
"_dis": "32 11 25 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 19 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 11 25 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 10 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 18 20 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 20 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 10 21 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yurok translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 22 20",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Scotland",
"orig": "en:Scotland",
"parents": [
"United Kingdom",
"British Isles",
"Europe",
"Islands",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"This plant seen as the national emblem of Scotland."
],
"id": "en-thistle-en-noun-J6jRWykr",
"links": [
[
"national",
"national"
],
[
"emblem",
"emblem"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "en:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 6 18 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 4 22 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 6 21 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 7 16 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 4 20 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 11 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 19 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 13 22 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 8 25 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 11 28 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 13 22 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 13 22 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 10 22 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 6 24 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 6 25 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 10 21 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 24 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 10 25 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 6 27 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 10 25 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 5 25 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 22 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 5 23 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 25 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 9 23 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 3 23 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 7 22 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 13 22 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 25 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 25 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 10 21 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latgalian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 25 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 24 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 24 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 7 22 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 10 21 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 9 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 6 22 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 25 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 5 23 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 6 23 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 19 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 24 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 3 24 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 11 25 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 10 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 10 25 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 25 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 18 20 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 20 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 24 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 3 25 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 23 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 23 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vilamovian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 23 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 5 25 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 23 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Xhosa translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 10 21 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yurok translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 5 18 37",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Thistles",
"orig": "en:Thistles",
"parents": [
"Composites",
"Asterales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"This plant used as a charge."
],
"id": "en-thistle-en-noun-ZmSYG2xp",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) This plant used as a charge."
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjembaç"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rrëfeshk"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ferreckë"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjemb gomari"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šūk",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شوك"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tataskapʻuš",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "տատասկափուշ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "uġtapʻuš",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ուղտափուշ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tatask",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "տատասկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "kardu"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čartapalóx",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чартапало́х"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "magareški bodil",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "магарешки бодил"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "card"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "薊"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jì",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "蓟"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "askal"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "askallen"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bodlák"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tidsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "distel"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "kardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "takjas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ohdake"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "takiainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chardon"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardio"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toba"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arzola"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "melardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Distel"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"note": "𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌼 f (wigadeinōm) (dative plural; lemma uncertain)",
"sense": "plant"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gaïdourágkatho",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "γαϊδουράγκαθο"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "barakínē",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βαρακίνη"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qotz",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קוֹץ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "bogáncs"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "kardono"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ohtajain"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "feochadán"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cluarán"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"alt": "あざみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "azami",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "薊"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "azami",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "アザミ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eonggeongkwi",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "엉겅퀴"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "usne"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carduus"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "usne"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 31 50 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "usnis"
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{
"word": "artichoke thistle"
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{
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"english": "Carlina spp. et al.",
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{
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{
"taxonomic": "Cirsium arvense",
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{
"taxonomic": "Onopordum acanthium",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"taxonomic": "Echinops spp.",
"word": "globe thistle"
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{
"word": "golden thistle"
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{
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{
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{
"word": "Italian thistle"
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{
"word": "Kansas thistle"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"word": "nodding thistle"
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{
"word": "pasture thistle"
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{
"word": "pine thistle"
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{
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{
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{
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{
"taxonomic": "Salsola australis",
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{
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
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{
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{
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},
{
"word": "sow-thistle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Sonchus spp.",
"word": "sow thistle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cirsium vulgare",
"word": "spear thistle"
},
{
"word": "star-thistle"
},
{
"word": "star thistle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centaurea spp'",
"word": "starthistle"
},
{
"word": "stemless thistle"
},
{
"word": "tall thistle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Vanessa spp.",
"word": "thistle butterfly"
},
{
"word": "thistle button"
},
{
"word": "thistle crown"
},
{
"word": "thistledown"
},
{
"word": "thistlefinch"
},
{
"word": "thistle funnel"
},
{
"word": "thistle sage"
},
{
"word": "thistle tube"
},
{
"word": "thistly"
},
{
"word": "tumble thistle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Silybum marianum",
"word": "variegated thistle"
},
{
"word": "Watling Street thistle"
},
{
"word": "way thistle"
},
{
"word": "wood-thistle"
},
{
"word": "yellow thistle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)teyg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þistel"
},
"expansion": "Old English þistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þistil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þistil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þistilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þistilaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)teyg-",
"t": "to prick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to prick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stick"
},
"expansion": "English stick",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "thrissel"
},
"expansion": "Scots thrissel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Distel"
},
"expansion": "German Distel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "distel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch distel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "þistill"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic þistill",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thistel, from Old English þistel, from Proto-West Germanic *þistil, from Proto-Germanic *þistilaz. *þīh- from *teyg-, which is a variant of Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to prick”); from this same Proto-Indo-European root comes English stick.\nCognates include Scots thrissel, German Distel, Dutch distel and Icelandic þistill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thistles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thistle (plural thistles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 3:18:",
"text": "Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field [...].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Joanna Newsom (lyrics and music), “Sawdust and Diamonds”, in Ys:",
"text": "I wasn’t born of a whistle, or milked from a thistle at twilight / No; I was all horns and thorns, sprung out fully formed, knock-kneed and upright",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several perennial composite plants, especially of genera Cirsium, Carduus, Cynara, or Onopordum, having prickly leaves and showy flower heads with prickly bracts."
],
"links": [
[
"perennial",
"perennial"
],
[
"composite",
"composite"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"genera",
"genera"
],
[
"Cirsium",
"Cirsium#Translingual"
],
[
"Carduus",
"Carduus#Translingual"
],
[
"Cynara",
"Cynara#Translingual"
],
[
"Onopordum",
"Onopordum#Translingual"
],
[
"prickly",
"prickly"
],
[
"leaves",
"leaves"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"flower head",
"flower head"
],
[
"bract",
"bract"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q538906"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q538906"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"This plant seen as the national emblem of Scotland."
],
"links": [
[
"national",
"national"
],
[
"emblem",
"emblem"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Heraldic charges"
],
"glosses": [
"This plant used as a charge."
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) This plant used as a charge."
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 324:",
"text": "Here's a passage which will please you: ‘It is said that when rich he twice refused the thistle.’",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Order of the Thistle, or membership thereof."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɪsl̩/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-thistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-thistle.ogg/En-us-thistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-thistle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjembaç"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rrëfeshk"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ferreckë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjemb gomari"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šūk",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شوك"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tataskapʻuš",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "տատասկափուշ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "uġtapʻuš",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ուղտափուշ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tatask",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "տատասկ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "kardu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čartapalóx",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чартапало́х"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "magareški bodil",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "магарешки бодил"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "card"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "薊"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jì",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "蓟"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "askal"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "askallen"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bodlák"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tidsel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "distel"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "kardo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "takjas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ohdake"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "takiainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chardon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toba"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arzola"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "melardo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Distel"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"note": "𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌼 f (wigadeinōm) (dative plural; lemma uncertain)",
"sense": "plant"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gaïdourágkatho",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "γαϊδουράγκαθο"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "barakínē",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βαρακίνη"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qotz",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קוֹץ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "bogáncs"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "kardono"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ohtajain"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "feochadán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cluarán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardo"
},
{
"alt": "あざみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "azami",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "薊"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "azami",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "アザミ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eonggeongkwi",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "엉겅퀴"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "usne"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carduus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "usne"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "usnis"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dëschtel"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "onnane"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tistel"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tistel"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"roman": "vlŭčĭcĭ",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "влъчьць"
},
{
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dischdel"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kangar",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "کنگر"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Distel"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "oset"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Lviv",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bodiak"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scaiete"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciulin"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čertopolóx",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чертополо́х"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "thrissel"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cluaran"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fòghnan"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carduni"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bodliak"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wóset"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "badak"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cardo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tistel"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "pamingkit"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "devedikeni"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "osót",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осо́т"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čortopolóx",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чортополо́х"
},
{
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "döstuł"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tcherdon"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ysgall"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ikhakhakhaka"
},
{
"code": "yur",
"lang": "Yurok",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "munipɹni"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"thistle"
],
"word": "thistle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thistle meaning in English (17.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.