"programming language" meaning in English

See programming language in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-programming language.wav Forms: programming languages [plural]
enPR: prō'grămîng lāngwĕj [General-American] Head templates: {{en-noun}} programming language (plural programming languages)
  1. (programming) A code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks. Wikidata QID: Q9143 Categories (topical): Programming Synonyms: computer language, computing language, programming language Related terms: :Category:Computer languages, W:List of programming languages by category Translations (code of reserved words and symbols): programmeertaal (Afrikaans), gjuhë programimi [feminine] (Albanian), Programmiersprache [feminine] (Alemannic German), የፕሮግራም ቋንቋ (yäprogram ḳʷanḳʷa) (Amharic), لُغَة بَرْمَجَة (luḡat barmaja) [feminine] (Arabic), luengache de programazión [masculine] (Aragonese), ծրագրավորման լեզու (cragravorman lezu) (Armenian), llinguaxe de programación [feminine] (Asturian), proqramlaşdırma dilləri (Azerbaijani), programazio-lengoaia (Basque), мо́ва праграмава́ння (móva prahramavánnja) [feminine] (Belarusian), প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা (prōgramiṅ bhaśa) (Bengali), ези́к за програми́ране (ezík za programírane) [masculine] (Bulgarian), програ́мен ези́к (prográmen ezík) [masculine] (Bulgarian), llenguatge de programació [feminine] (Catalan), 程序設計語言 (Chinese Mandarin), 程序设计语言 (chéngxù shèjì yǔyán) (Chinese Mandarin), 計算機語言 (Chinese Mandarin), 计算机语言 (jìsuànjī yǔyán) (Chinese Mandarin), 編程語言 (Chinese Mandarin), 编程语言 (biānchéng yǔyán) (Chinese Mandarin), 程式設計語言 [Taiwan] (Chinese Mandarin), 程式设计语言 (chéngshì shèjì yǔyán) (Chinese Mandarin), programovací jazyk [masculine] (Czech), programmeringssprog [neuter] (Danish), programmeertaal [feminine] (Dutch), programlingvo (Esperanto), programmeerimiskeel (Estonian), forritanarmál [neuter] (Faroese), ohjelmointikieli (Finnish), langage de programmation [masculine] (French), linguaxe de programación [feminine] (Galician), პროგრამირების ენა (ṗrogramirebis ena) (Georgian), პროგრამული ენა (ṗrogramuli ena) (Georgian), Programmiersprache [feminine] (German), γλώσσα προγραμματισμού (glóssa programmatismoú) [feminine] (Greek), שְׁפַת תִּכְנוּת (s'fat tikhnút) [feminine] (Hebrew), क्रमादेशन भाषा (kramādeśan bhāṣā) [feminine] (Hindi), प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा (progrāmiṅg bhāṣā) (Hindi), programozási nyelv (Hungarian), forritunarmál [neuter] (Icelandic), lengguahe ti panangprograma (Ilocano), bahasa pemrograman (Indonesian), linguage de programmation (Interlingua), teanga ríomhchlárúcháin [feminine] (Irish), teanga ríomhaire [feminine] (Irish), teanga ríomhaireachta [feminine] (Irish), linguaggio di programmazione [masculine] (Italian), プログラミング言語 (puroguramingu gengo) (Japanese), プログラム言語 (puroguramu gengo) (Japanese), бағдарламалық тілдер (bağdarlamalyq tılder) (Kazakh), ភាសាគណិតូបករណ៍ (phea sar kak net tob kor) (Khmer), ភាសាកុំព្យូទ័រ (phea sar kom pyuu ter) (Khmer), 프로그래밍 언어 (peurogeuraeming eoneo) (Korean), lingua programmandi [feminine] (Latin), programmēšanas valoda [feminine] (Latvian), programavimo kalba [feminine] (Lithuanian), Programméiersprooch [neuter] (Luxembourgish), програмски јазик (programski jazik) [masculine] (Macedonian), bahasa pengaturcaraan (Malay), പ്രോഗ്രാമിംഗ് ഭാഷ (prōgrāmiṅgŭ bhāṣa) (Malayalam), програмчлалын хэл (programčlalyn xel) (Mongolian), zimanê bernamekirinê (Northern Kurdish), programmeringsspråk [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), programmeringsspråk [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), زبان برنامهنویسی (zabân-e barnâme-nevisi) (Persian), زبانهای برنامهنویسی (Persian), język programowania [masculine] (Polish), linguagem de programação [feminine] (Portuguese), limbaj de programare [neuter] (Romanian), язы́к программи́рования (jazýk programmírovanija) [masculine] (Russian), programmin leid (Scots), програмски језик [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), programski jezik [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), programovací jazyk [masculine] (Slovak), programski jezik [masculine] (Slovene), lenguaje de programación [masculine] (Spanish), basa program (Sundanese), programmeringsspråk (Swedish), programspråk [neuter] (Swedish), programa lingwahi (Tagalog), wikang pamprograma (Tagalog), забони барномасозӣ (zabon-i barnomasozi) (Tajik), ஆணைமூலம் (āṇaimūlam) (Tamil), ప్రోగ్రామింగు భాష (prōgrāmiṅgu bhāṣa) (Telugu), ภาษาโปรแกรม (paasăa bprohgraem) (Thai), programlama dili (Turkish), мо́ва програмува́ння (móva prohramuvánnja) [feminine] (Ukrainian), programěrowanska rěč [feminine] (Upper Sorbian), ngôn ngữ lập trình (Vietnamese), kompütapük (Volapük), программалааһын тыла (programmalaahın tıla) (Yakut)
    Sense id: en-programming_language-en-noun-en:Q9143 Categories (other): Amharic terms with redundant script codes, Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Belarusian terms with redundant script codes, Bulgarian terms with redundant script codes, English entries with incorrect language header, English links with manual fragments, Entries with translation boxes, Japanese terms with redundant script codes, Kazakh terms with redundant script codes, Khmer terms with redundant script codes, Malayalam terms with redundant script codes, Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Tajik terms with redundant script codes, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Alemannic German translations, Terms with Amharic translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Aragonese translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bengali translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Faroese translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hokkien translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Ilocano translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Interlingua translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Luxembourgish translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Malayalam translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Mongolian translations, Terms with Northern Kurdish translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scots translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Sundanese translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Tamil translations, Terms with Telugu translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Upper Sorbian translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Volapük translations, Terms with Yakut translations Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, programming, sciences Hyponyms: agent-oriented language, array language, aspect-oriented language, assembly language, asynchronous language, atomic language, authoring language, automata-based language, back-end language, built-in language, capability-based language, C-based language, class-based language, cloud-based language, command-line interface language, compiled language, concurrent language, curly-brace language, curly-bracket language, database language, data-driven language, dataflow-based language, dataflow language, data-oriented language, data-structured language, decision table language, declarative language, delegation language, disk language, distributed database language, distributed language, dual-paradigm language, dynamically-typed language, dynamic language, embeddable language, embedded language, event-driven language, fourth-generation language, front-end language, functional language, fuzzy language, guest language, hardware description language, imperative language, in-memory language, interactive mode language, interpreted language, iterative language, library language, list-based language, logical language, logic-based language, logic language, machine language, macro language, mainframe language, mathematical language, metaprogramming language, micro-controller language, middleware language, mobile language, multi-paradigm language, multiprogramming language, multi-tasking language, multi-user language, network language, non-Unix Operating System, object-based language, object-oriented language, off-side rule language, pattern language, procedural language, proprietary language, prototype-based language, real-time language, real-time multiprogramming language, reflective language, role-oriented language, rule-based language, safety-critical language, scripting language, security-evaluated language, security-focused language, single-paradigm language, single-tasking language, single-user language, stack-based language, statically-typed language, static language, subject-oriented language, synchronous language, syntax handling language, templated language, textual substitution macro language, time-sharing language, time-sharing RSTS language, trusted language, Unix-like language, visual language, Web language, wirth language, XML-based language, A, A++, ABC ALGOL, ALGOL, Angular.JS, assembler, BASIC, C, C--, C++, CHILL, Clipper, Clojure, COBOL, D, ECMAScript, Eiffel, Forth, Fortran, Fox Base, Fox Pro, Franz Lisp, GW-BASIC, Harbour, Haskell, HyperTalk, J, J#, J++, JADE, Java, JavaScript, Joule, JOVIAL, Joy, JScript, L, LabVIEW, Lava, Lisp, Logo, Lua, Lynx, M#, MATLAB, Miranda, Modula, MUMPS, Objective-C, Objective-J, Object Lisp, ObjectLOGO, OpenCL, Pascal, Perl, PHP, PL/I, PL/SQL, Prolog, Python, R, R++, RPG, Ruby, Scala, Self, Seph, Smalltalk, SQL, Tcl, T-SQL, Turbo C++, Turbo Pascal, Turbo Prolog, Visual J#, Visual J++, Visual Objects, Visual Prolog, X, X++, YQL, Zebra

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Thai translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Yakut translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Programming",
          "orig": "en:Programming",
          "parents": [
            "Computing",
            "Software engineering",
            "Technology",
            "Computer science",
            "Engineering",
            "Software",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Media",
            "Fundamental",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks."
      ],
      "hyponyms": [
        {
          "word": "agent-oriented language"
        },
        {
          "word": "array language"
        },
        {
          "word": "aspect-oriented language"
        },
        {
          "word": "assembly language"
        },
        {
          "word": "asynchronous language"
        },
        {
          "word": "atomic language"
        },
        {
          "word": "authoring language"
        },
        {
          "word": "automata-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "back-end language"
        },
        {
          "word": "built-in language"
        },
        {
          "word": "capability-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "C-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "class-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "cloud-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "command-line interface language"
        },
        {
          "word": "compiled language"
        },
        {
          "word": "concurrent language"
        },
        {
          "word": "curly-brace language"
        },
        {
          "word": "curly-bracket language"
        },
        {
          "word": "database language"
        },
        {
          "word": "data-driven language"
        },
        {
          "word": "dataflow-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "dataflow language"
        },
        {
          "word": "data-oriented language"
        },
        {
          "word": "data-structured language"
        },
        {
          "word": "decision table language"
        },
        {
          "word": "declarative language"
        },
        {
          "word": "delegation language"
        },
        {
          "word": "disk language"
        },
        {
          "word": "distributed database language"
        },
        {
          "word": "distributed language"
        },
        {
          "word": "dual-paradigm language"
        },
        {
          "word": "dynamically-typed language"
        },
        {
          "word": "dynamic language"
        },
        {
          "word": "embeddable language"
        },
        {
          "word": "embedded language"
        },
        {
          "word": "event-driven language"
        },
        {
          "word": "fourth-generation language"
        },
        {
          "word": "front-end language"
        },
        {
          "word": "functional language"
        },
        {
          "word": "fuzzy language"
        },
        {
          "word": "guest language"
        },
        {
          "word": "hardware description language"
        },
        {
          "word": "imperative language"
        },
        {
          "word": "in-memory language"
        },
        {
          "word": "interactive mode language"
        },
        {
          "word": "interpreted language"
        },
        {
          "word": "iterative language"
        },
        {
          "word": "library language"
        },
        {
          "word": "list-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "logical language"
        },
        {
          "word": "logic-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "logic language"
        },
        {
          "word": "machine language"
        },
        {
          "word": "macro language"
        },
        {
          "word": "mainframe language"
        },
        {
          "word": "mathematical language"
        },
        {
          "word": "metaprogramming language"
        },
        {
          "word": "micro-controller language"
        },
        {
          "word": "middleware language"
        },
        {
          "word": "mobile language"
        },
        {
          "word": "multi-paradigm language"
        },
        {
          "word": "multiprogramming language"
        },
        {
          "word": "multi-tasking language"
        },
        {
          "word": "multi-user language"
        },
        {
          "word": "network language"
        },
        {
          "word": "non-Unix Operating System"
        },
        {
          "word": "object-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "object-oriented language"
        },
        {
          "word": "off-side rule language"
        },
        {
          "word": "pattern language"
        },
        {
          "word": "procedural language"
        },
        {
          "word": "proprietary language"
        },
        {
          "word": "prototype-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "real-time language"
        },
        {
          "word": "real-time multiprogramming language"
        },
        {
          "word": "reflective language"
        },
        {
          "word": "role-oriented language"
        },
        {
          "word": "rule-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "safety-critical language"
        },
        {
          "word": "scripting language"
        },
        {
          "word": "security-evaluated language"
        },
        {
          "word": "security-focused language"
        },
        {
          "word": "single-paradigm language"
        },
        {
          "word": "single-tasking language"
        },
        {
          "word": "single-user language"
        },
        {
          "word": "stack-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "statically-typed language"
        },
        {
          "word": "static language"
        },
        {
          "word": "subject-oriented language"
        },
        {
          "word": "synchronous language"
        },
        {
          "word": "syntax handling language"
        },
        {
          "word": "templated language"
        },
        {
          "word": "textual substitution macro language"
        },
        {
          "word": "time-sharing language"
        },
        {
          "word": "time-sharing RSTS language"
        },
        {
          "word": "trusted language"
        },
        {
          "word": "Unix-like language"
        },
        {
          "word": "visual language"
        },
        {
          "word": "Web language"
        },
        {
          "word": "wirth language"
        },
        {
          "word": "XML-based language"
        },
        {
          "word": "A"
        },
        {
          "word": "A++"
        },
        {
          "word": "ABC ALGOL"
        },
        {
          "word": "ALGOL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Angular.JS"
        },
        {
          "word": "assembler"
        },
        {
          "word": "BASIC"
        },
        {
          "word": "C"
        },
        {
          "word": "C--"
        },
        {
          "word": "C++"
        },
        {
          "word": "CHILL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Clipper"
        },
        {
          "word": "Clojure"
        },
        {
          "word": "COBOL"
        },
        {
          "word": "D"
        },
        {
          "word": "ECMAScript"
        },
        {
          "word": "Eiffel"
        },
        {
          "word": "Forth"
        },
        {
          "word": "Fortran"
        },
        {
          "word": "Fox Base"
        },
        {
          "word": "Fox Pro"
        },
        {
          "word": "Franz Lisp"
        },
        {
          "word": "GW-BASIC"
        },
        {
          "word": "Harbour"
        },
        {
          "word": "Haskell"
        },
        {
          "word": "HyperTalk"
        },
        {
          "word": "J"
        },
        {
          "word": "J#"
        },
        {
          "word": "J++"
        },
        {
          "word": "JADE"
        },
        {
          "word": "Java"
        },
        {
          "word": "JavaScript"
        },
        {
          "word": "Joule"
        },
        {
          "word": "JOVIAL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Joy"
        },
        {
          "word": "JScript"
        },
        {
          "word": "L"
        },
        {
          "word": "LabVIEW"
        },
        {
          "word": "Lava"
        },
        {
          "word": "Lisp"
        },
        {
          "word": "Logo"
        },
        {
          "word": "Lua"
        },
        {
          "word": "Lynx"
        },
        {
          "word": "M#"
        },
        {
          "word": "MATLAB"
        },
        {
          "word": "Miranda"
        },
        {
          "word": "Modula"
        },
        {
          "word": "MUMPS"
        },
        {
          "word": "Objective-C"
        },
        {
          "word": "Objective-J"
        },
        {
          "word": "Object Lisp"
        },
        {
          "word": "ObjectLOGO"
        },
        {
          "word": "OpenCL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Pascal"
        },
        {
          "word": "Perl"
        },
        {
          "word": "PHP"
        },
        {
          "word": "PL/I"
        },
        {
          "word": "PL/SQL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Prolog"
        },
        {
          "word": "Python"
        },
        {
          "word": "R"
        },
        {
          "word": "R++"
        },
        {
          "word": "RPG"
        },
        {
          "word": "Ruby"
        },
        {
          "word": "Scala"
        },
        {
          "word": "Self"
        },
        {
          "word": "Seph"
        },
        {
          "word": "Smalltalk"
        },
        {
          "word": "SQL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Tcl"
        },
        {
          "word": "T-SQL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Turbo C++"
        },
        {
          "word": "Turbo Pascal"
        },
        {
          "word": "Turbo Prolog"
        },
        {
          "word": "Visual J#"
        },
        {
          "word": "Visual J++"
        },
        {
          "word": "Visual Objects"
        },
        {
          "word": "Visual Prolog"
        },
        {
          "word": "X"
        },
        {
          "word": "X++"
        },
        {
          "word": "YQL"
        },
        {
          "word": "Zebra"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-programming_language-en-noun-en:Q9143",
      "links": [
        [
          "programming",
          "programming#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "code",
          "code"
        ],
        [
          "reserved",
          "reserved"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word"
        ],
        [
          "symbol",
          "symbol"
        ],
        [
          "computer program",
          "computer program"
        ],
        [
          "instruction",
          "instruction"
        ],
        [
          "computer",
          "computer"
        ],
        [
          "accomplish",
          "accomplish"
        ],
        [
          "certain",
          "certain"
        ],
        [
          "computing",
          "computing"
        ],
        [
          "task",
          "task"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(programming) A code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
          "word": ":Category:Computer languages"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
          "word": "W:List of programming languages by category"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q9143"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "computer language"
        },
        {
          "word": "computing language"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
          "word": "programming language"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "programming",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programmeertaal"
        },
        {
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gjuhë programimi"
        },
        {
          "code": "gsw",
          "lang": "Alemannic German",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Programmiersprache"
        },
        {
          "code": "am",
          "lang": "Amharic",
          "roman": "yäprogram ḳʷanḳʷa",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "የፕሮግራም ቋንቋ"
        },
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "luḡat barmaja",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "لُغَة بَرْمَجَة"
        },
        {
          "code": "an",
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "luengache de programazión"
        },
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "cragravorman lezu",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ծրագրավորման լեզու"
        },
        {
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "llinguaxe de programación"
        },
        {
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "proqramlaşdırma dilləri"
        },
        {
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programazio-lengoaia"
        },
        {
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "móva prahramavánnja",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "мо́ва праграмава́ння"
        },
        {
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "prōgramiṅ bhaśa",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ezík za programírane",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ези́к за програми́ране"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "prográmen ezík",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "програ́мен ези́к"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "llenguatge de programació"
        },
        {
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "note": "[script needed] (thêng-sek gí-giân)",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ]
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "程序設計語言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "chéngxù shèjì yǔyán",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "程序设计语言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "計算機語言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jìsuànjī yǔyán",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "计算机语言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "編程語言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "biānchéng yǔyán",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "编程语言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "Taiwan"
          ],
          "word": "程式設計語言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "chéngshì shèjì yǔyán",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "程式设计语言"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "programovací jazyk"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "programmeringssprog"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "programmeertaal"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programlingvo"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programmeerimiskeel"
        },
        {
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "forritanarmál"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ohjelmointikieli"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "langage de programmation"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "linguaxe de programación"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ṗrogramirebis ena",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "პროგრამირების ენა"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ṗrogramuli ena",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "პროგრამული ენა"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Programmiersprache"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "glóssa programmatismoú",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "γλώσσα προγραμματισμού"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "s'fat tikhnút",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "שְׁפַת תִּכְנוּת"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "kramādeśan bhāṣā",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "क्रमादेशन भाषा"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "progrāmiṅg bhāṣā",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programozási nyelv"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "forritunarmál"
        },
        {
          "code": "ilo",
          "lang": "Ilocano",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "lengguahe ti panangprograma"
        },
        {
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "bahasa pemrograman"
        },
        {
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "linguage de programmation"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "teanga ríomhchlárúcháin"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "teanga ríomhaire"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "teanga ríomhaireachta"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "linguaggio di programmazione"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "puroguramingu gengo",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "プログラミング言語"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "puroguramu gengo",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "プログラム言語"
        },
        {
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "bağdarlamalyq tılder",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "бағдарламалық тілдер"
        },
        {
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "phea sar kak net tob kor",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ភាសាគណិតូបករណ៍"
        },
        {
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "phea sar kom pyuu ter",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ភាសាកុំព្យូទ័រ"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "peurogeuraeming eoneo",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "프로그래밍 언어"
        },
        {
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "zimanê bernamekirinê"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "lingua programmandi"
        },
        {
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "programmēšanas valoda"
        },
        {
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "programavimo kalba"
        },
        {
          "code": "lb",
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Programméiersprooch"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "programski jazik",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "програмски јазик"
        },
        {
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "bahasa pengaturcaraan"
        },
        {
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "prōgrāmiṅgŭ bhāṣa",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "പ്രോഗ്രാമിംഗ് ഭാഷ"
        },
        {
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "programčlalyn xel",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "програмчлалын хэл"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "programmeringsspråk"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "programmeringsspråk"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "zabân-e barnâme-nevisi",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "زبان برنامهنویسی"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "زبانهای برنامهنویسی"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "język programowania"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "linguagem de programação"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "limbaj de programare"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "jazýk programmírovanija",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "язы́к программи́рования"
        },
        {
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programmin leid"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "програмски језик"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "programski jezik"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "programovací jazyk"
        },
        {
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "programski jezik"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lenguaje de programación"
        },
        {
          "code": "su",
          "lang": "Sundanese",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "basa program"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programmeringsspråk"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "programspråk"
        },
        {
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programa lingwahi"
        },
        {
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "wikang pamprograma"
        },
        {
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "zabon-i barnomasozi",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "забони барномасозӣ"
        },
        {
          "code": "ta",
          "lang": "Tamil",
          "roman": "āṇaimūlam",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ஆணைமூலம்"
        },
        {
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "prōgrāmiṅgu bhāṣa",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ప్రోగ్రామింగు భాష"
        },
        {
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "paasăa bprohgraem",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ภาษาโปรแกรม"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "programlama dili"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "móva prohramuvánnja",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "мо́ва програмува́ння"
        },
        {
          "code": "hsb",
          "lang": "Upper Sorbian",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "programěrowanska rěč"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "ngôn ngữ lập trình"
        },
        {
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "kompütapük"
        },
        {
          "code": "sah",
          "lang": "Yakut",
          "roman": "programmalaahın tıla",
          "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
          "word": "программалааһын тыла"
        }
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q9143"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "prō'grămîng lāngwĕj",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-programming language.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "programming language"
}
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "programming languages",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "programming language (plural programming languages)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pro‧gram‧ming"
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "word": "agent-oriented language"
    },
    {
      "word": "array language"
    },
    {
      "word": "aspect-oriented language"
    },
    {
      "word": "assembly language"
    },
    {
      "word": "asynchronous language"
    },
    {
      "word": "atomic language"
    },
    {
      "word": "authoring language"
    },
    {
      "word": "automata-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "back-end language"
    },
    {
      "word": "built-in language"
    },
    {
      "word": "capability-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "C-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "class-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "cloud-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "command-line interface language"
    },
    {
      "word": "compiled language"
    },
    {
      "word": "concurrent language"
    },
    {
      "word": "curly-brace language"
    },
    {
      "word": "curly-bracket language"
    },
    {
      "word": "database language"
    },
    {
      "word": "data-driven language"
    },
    {
      "word": "dataflow-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "dataflow language"
    },
    {
      "word": "data-oriented language"
    },
    {
      "word": "data-structured language"
    },
    {
      "word": "decision table language"
    },
    {
      "word": "declarative language"
    },
    {
      "word": "delegation language"
    },
    {
      "word": "disk language"
    },
    {
      "word": "distributed database language"
    },
    {
      "word": "distributed language"
    },
    {
      "word": "dual-paradigm language"
    },
    {
      "word": "dynamically-typed language"
    },
    {
      "word": "dynamic language"
    },
    {
      "word": "embeddable language"
    },
    {
      "word": "embedded language"
    },
    {
      "word": "event-driven language"
    },
    {
      "word": "fourth-generation language"
    },
    {
      "word": "front-end language"
    },
    {
      "word": "functional language"
    },
    {
      "word": "fuzzy language"
    },
    {
      "word": "guest language"
    },
    {
      "word": "hardware description language"
    },
    {
      "word": "imperative language"
    },
    {
      "word": "in-memory language"
    },
    {
      "word": "interactive mode language"
    },
    {
      "word": "interpreted language"
    },
    {
      "word": "iterative language"
    },
    {
      "word": "library language"
    },
    {
      "word": "list-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "logical language"
    },
    {
      "word": "logic-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "logic language"
    },
    {
      "word": "machine language"
    },
    {
      "word": "macro language"
    },
    {
      "word": "mainframe language"
    },
    {
      "word": "mathematical language"
    },
    {
      "word": "metaprogramming language"
    },
    {
      "word": "micro-controller language"
    },
    {
      "word": "middleware language"
    },
    {
      "word": "mobile language"
    },
    {
      "word": "multi-paradigm language"
    },
    {
      "word": "multiprogramming language"
    },
    {
      "word": "multi-tasking language"
    },
    {
      "word": "multi-user language"
    },
    {
      "word": "network language"
    },
    {
      "word": "non-Unix Operating System"
    },
    {
      "word": "object-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "object-oriented language"
    },
    {
      "word": "off-side rule language"
    },
    {
      "word": "pattern language"
    },
    {
      "word": "procedural language"
    },
    {
      "word": "proprietary language"
    },
    {
      "word": "prototype-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "real-time language"
    },
    {
      "word": "real-time multiprogramming language"
    },
    {
      "word": "reflective language"
    },
    {
      "word": "role-oriented language"
    },
    {
      "word": "rule-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "safety-critical language"
    },
    {
      "word": "scripting language"
    },
    {
      "word": "security-evaluated language"
    },
    {
      "word": "security-focused language"
    },
    {
      "word": "single-paradigm language"
    },
    {
      "word": "single-tasking language"
    },
    {
      "word": "single-user language"
    },
    {
      "word": "stack-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "statically-typed language"
    },
    {
      "word": "static language"
    },
    {
      "word": "subject-oriented language"
    },
    {
      "word": "synchronous language"
    },
    {
      "word": "syntax handling language"
    },
    {
      "word": "templated language"
    },
    {
      "word": "textual substitution macro language"
    },
    {
      "word": "time-sharing language"
    },
    {
      "word": "time-sharing RSTS language"
    },
    {
      "word": "trusted language"
    },
    {
      "word": "Unix-like language"
    },
    {
      "word": "visual language"
    },
    {
      "word": "Web language"
    },
    {
      "word": "wirth language"
    },
    {
      "word": "XML-based language"
    },
    {
      "word": "A"
    },
    {
      "word": "A++"
    },
    {
      "word": "ABC ALGOL"
    },
    {
      "word": "ALGOL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Angular.JS"
    },
    {
      "word": "assembler"
    },
    {
      "word": "BASIC"
    },
    {
      "word": "C"
    },
    {
      "word": "C--"
    },
    {
      "word": "C++"
    },
    {
      "word": "CHILL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Clipper"
    },
    {
      "word": "Clojure"
    },
    {
      "word": "COBOL"
    },
    {
      "word": "D"
    },
    {
      "word": "ECMAScript"
    },
    {
      "word": "Eiffel"
    },
    {
      "word": "Forth"
    },
    {
      "word": "Fortran"
    },
    {
      "word": "Fox Base"
    },
    {
      "word": "Fox Pro"
    },
    {
      "word": "Franz Lisp"
    },
    {
      "word": "GW-BASIC"
    },
    {
      "word": "Harbour"
    },
    {
      "word": "Haskell"
    },
    {
      "word": "HyperTalk"
    },
    {
      "word": "J"
    },
    {
      "word": "J#"
    },
    {
      "word": "J++"
    },
    {
      "word": "JADE"
    },
    {
      "word": "Java"
    },
    {
      "word": "JavaScript"
    },
    {
      "word": "Joule"
    },
    {
      "word": "JOVIAL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Joy"
    },
    {
      "word": "JScript"
    },
    {
      "word": "L"
    },
    {
      "word": "LabVIEW"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lava"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lisp"
    },
    {
      "word": "Logo"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lua"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lynx"
    },
    {
      "word": "M#"
    },
    {
      "word": "MATLAB"
    },
    {
      "word": "Miranda"
    },
    {
      "word": "Modula"
    },
    {
      "word": "MUMPS"
    },
    {
      "word": "Objective-C"
    },
    {
      "word": "Objective-J"
    },
    {
      "word": "Object Lisp"
    },
    {
      "word": "ObjectLOGO"
    },
    {
      "word": "OpenCL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Pascal"
    },
    {
      "word": "Perl"
    },
    {
      "word": "PHP"
    },
    {
      "word": "PL/I"
    },
    {
      "word": "PL/SQL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Prolog"
    },
    {
      "word": "Python"
    },
    {
      "word": "R"
    },
    {
      "word": "R++"
    },
    {
      "word": "RPG"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ruby"
    },
    {
      "word": "Scala"
    },
    {
      "word": "Self"
    },
    {
      "word": "Seph"
    },
    {
      "word": "Smalltalk"
    },
    {
      "word": "SQL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tcl"
    },
    {
      "word": "T-SQL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Turbo C++"
    },
    {
      "word": "Turbo Pascal"
    },
    {
      "word": "Turbo Prolog"
    },
    {
      "word": "Visual J#"
    },
    {
      "word": "Visual J++"
    },
    {
      "word": "Visual Objects"
    },
    {
      "word": "Visual Prolog"
    },
    {
      "word": "X"
    },
    {
      "word": "X++"
    },
    {
      "word": "YQL"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zebra"
    }
  ],
  "instances": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "ALGOL"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "Basic"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "COBOL"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "C"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "C++"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "FORTRAN"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "Haskell"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "Java"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "JavaScript"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "Lisp"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "Pascal"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "Prolog"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": ":Category:Computer languages"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "W:List of programming languages by category"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Amharic terms with redundant script codes",
        "Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Belarusian terms with redundant script codes",
        "Bulgarian terms with redundant script codes",
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English links with manual fragments",
        "English multiword terms",
        "English nouns",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
        "Kazakh terms with redundant script codes",
        "Khmer terms with redundant script codes",
        "Malayalam terms with redundant script codes",
        "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for native script for Hokkien terms",
        "Tajik terms with redundant script codes",
        "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
        "Terms with Albanian translations",
        "Terms with Alemannic German translations",
        "Terms with Amharic translations",
        "Terms with Arabic translations",
        "Terms with Aragonese translations",
        "Terms with Armenian translations",
        "Terms with Asturian translations",
        "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
        "Terms with Basque translations",
        "Terms with Belarusian translations",
        "Terms with Bengali translations",
        "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Danish translations",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Esperanto translations",
        "Terms with Estonian translations",
        "Terms with Faroese translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Galician translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Greek translations",
        "Terms with Hebrew translations",
        "Terms with Hindi translations",
        "Terms with Hokkien translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Icelandic translations",
        "Terms with Ilocano translations",
        "Terms with Indonesian translations",
        "Terms with Interlingua translations",
        "Terms with Irish translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Japanese translations",
        "Terms with Kazakh translations",
        "Terms with Khmer translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Latin translations",
        "Terms with Latvian translations",
        "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
        "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
        "Terms with Macedonian translations",
        "Terms with Malay translations",
        "Terms with Malayalam translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Mongolian translations",
        "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
        "Terms with Persian translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Romanian translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Scots translations",
        "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
        "Terms with Slovak translations",
        "Terms with Slovene translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Sundanese translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Tagalog translations",
        "Terms with Tajik translations",
        "Terms with Tamil translations",
        "Terms with Telugu translations",
        "Terms with Thai translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations",
        "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
        "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
        "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
        "Terms with Volapük translations",
        "Terms with Yakut translations",
        "en:Programming"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "programming",
          "programming#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "code",
          "code"
        ],
        [
          "reserved",
          "reserved"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word"
        ],
        [
          "symbol",
          "symbol"
        ],
        [
          "computer program",
          "computer program"
        ],
        [
          "instruction",
          "instruction"
        ],
        [
          "computer",
          "computer"
        ],
        [
          "accomplish",
          "accomplish"
        ],
        [
          "certain",
          "certain"
        ],
        [
          "computing",
          "computing"
        ],
        [
          "task",
          "task"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(programming) A code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q9143"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "computer language"
        },
        {
          "word": "computing language"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "programming",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q9143"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "prō'grămîng lāngwĕj",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-programming language.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-programming_language.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:programming language",
      "word": "programming language"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programmeertaal"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gjuhë programimi"
    },
    {
      "code": "gsw",
      "lang": "Alemannic German",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Programmiersprache"
    },
    {
      "code": "am",
      "lang": "Amharic",
      "roman": "yäprogram ḳʷanḳʷa",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "የፕሮግራም ቋንቋ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "luḡat barmaja",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "لُغَة بَرْمَجَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "an",
      "lang": "Aragonese",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "luengache de programazión"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "cragravorman lezu",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ծրագրավորման լեզու"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "llinguaxe de programación"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "proqramlaşdırma dilləri"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programazio-lengoaia"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "móva prahramavánnja",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "мо́ва праграмава́ння"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "prōgramiṅ bhaśa",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ezík za programírane",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ези́к за програми́ране"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "prográmen ezík",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "програ́мен ези́к"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "llenguatge de programació"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "note": "[script needed] (thêng-sek gí-giân)",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ]
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "程序設計語言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "chéngxù shèjì yǔyán",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "程序设计语言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "計算機語言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jìsuànjī yǔyán",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "计算机语言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "編程語言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "biānchéng yǔyán",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "编程语言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "Taiwan"
      ],
      "word": "程式設計語言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "chéngshì shèjì yǔyán",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "程式设计语言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "programovací jazyk"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "programmeringssprog"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "programmeertaal"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programlingvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programmeerimiskeel"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "forritanarmál"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ohjelmointikieli"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "langage de programmation"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "linguaxe de programación"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ṗrogramirebis ena",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "პროგრამირების ენა"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ṗrogramuli ena",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "პროგრამული ენა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Programmiersprache"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "glóssa programmatismoú",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "γλώσσα προγραμματισμού"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "s'fat tikhnút",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "שְׁפַת תִּכְנוּת"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "kramādeśan bhāṣā",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "क्रमादेशन भाषा"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "progrāmiṅg bhāṣā",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programozási nyelv"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "forritunarmál"
    },
    {
      "code": "ilo",
      "lang": "Ilocano",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "lengguahe ti panangprograma"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "bahasa pemrograman"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "linguage de programmation"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "teanga ríomhchlárúcháin"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "teanga ríomhaire"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "teanga ríomhaireachta"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "linguaggio di programmazione"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "puroguramingu gengo",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "プログラミング言語"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "puroguramu gengo",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "プログラム言語"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "bağdarlamalyq tılder",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "бағдарламалық тілдер"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "phea sar kak net tob kor",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ភាសាគណិតូបករណ៍"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "phea sar kom pyuu ter",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ភាសាកុំព្យូទ័រ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "peurogeuraeming eoneo",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "프로그래밍 언어"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "zimanê bernamekirinê"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "lingua programmandi"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "programmēšanas valoda"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "programavimo kalba"
    },
    {
      "code": "lb",
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Programméiersprooch"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "programski jazik",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "програмски јазик"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "bahasa pengaturcaraan"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "prōgrāmiṅgŭ bhāṣa",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "പ്രോഗ്രാമിംഗ് ഭാഷ"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "programčlalyn xel",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "програмчлалын хэл"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "programmeringsspråk"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "programmeringsspråk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "zabân-e barnâme-nevisi",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "زبان برنامهنویسی"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "زبانهای برنامهنویسی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "język programowania"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "linguagem de programação"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "limbaj de programare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "jazýk programmírovanija",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "язы́к программи́рования"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programmin leid"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "програмски језик"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "programski jezik"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "programovací jazyk"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "programski jezik"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lenguaje de programación"
    },
    {
      "code": "su",
      "lang": "Sundanese",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "basa program"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programmeringsspråk"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "programspråk"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programa lingwahi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "wikang pamprograma"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "zabon-i barnomasozi",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "забони барномасозӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ta",
      "lang": "Tamil",
      "roman": "āṇaimūlam",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ஆணைமூலம்"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "prōgrāmiṅgu bhāṣa",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ప్రోగ్రామింగు భాష"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "paasăa bprohgraem",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ภาษาโปรแกรม"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "programlama dili"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "móva prohramuvánnja",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "мо́ва програмува́ння"
    },
    {
      "code": "hsb",
      "lang": "Upper Sorbian",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "programěrowanska rěč"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "ngôn ngữ lập trình"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "kompütapük"
    },
    {
      "code": "sah",
      "lang": "Yakut",
      "roman": "programmalaahın tıla",
      "sense": "code of reserved words and symbols",
      "word": "программалааһын тыла"
    }
  ],
  "word": "programming language"
}

Download raw JSONL data for programming language meaning in English (24.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.