See preterite in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for preterite meaning in English (14.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "preterit"
},
"expansion": "Middle English preterit",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "preterit"
},
"expansion": "Old French preterit",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praeteritum"
},
"expansion": "Latin praeteritum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tempus praeteritum",
"3": "",
"4": "time past"
},
"expansion": "tempus praeteritum (“time past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praetereō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go by, go past"
},
"expansion": "praetereō (“I go by, go past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praeter",
"3": "",
"4": "beyond, before, above, more than"
},
"expansion": "praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prae",
"3": "",
"4": "before"
},
"expansion": "prae (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itum"
},
"expansion": "itum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go"
},
"expansion": "eō (“I go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English preterit, from Old French preterit (13th century), from Latin praeteritum (as in tempus praeteritum (“time past”)), the past participle of praetereō (“I go by, go past”), itself from praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”) (comparative of prae (“before”)) + itum (the past participle of eō (“I go”)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "preterite (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 40 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913 [1856], Robert Caldwell, edited by J.L. Wyatt and T. Ramakrishna Pillai, A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian, or, South-Indian Family of Languages, 3rd edition, London: Kegan Paul, →OCLC, page 496",
"text": "The Dravidian preterite tense is ordinarily formed, like the present, by annexing the pronominal signs to the preterite verbal participle.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Showing an action at a determined moment in the past."
],
"id": "en-preterite-en-adj-g8zPZ8Lo",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"tense",
"tense"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"determined",
"determined"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, of a tense) Showing an action at a determined moment in the past."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a tense"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "minal",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "минал"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "pretèrit"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "in de verleden tijd"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "in het preteritum"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "üldminevik"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "du passé"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parochiménos",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "παρωχημένος"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"alt": "かこの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako no",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"adnominal"
],
"word": "過去の"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"alt": "かこじせいの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako-jisei no",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "過去時制の"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"alt": "てんかこの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "for Spanish grammar",
"roman": "ten-kako no",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "点過去の"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "praeteritus"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przeszły"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretérito"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pretérit",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прете́рит"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prošédšeje povestvovátelʹnoje",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "проше́дшее повествова́тельное"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "pretérito"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 41 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 40 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1890, James Russell Lowell, “Cambridge Thirty Years Ago”, in The Writings of James Russell Lowell, Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, →OCLC, page 52",
"text": "Without leaving your elbow-chair, you shall go back with me thirty years, which will bring you among things and persons as thoroughly preterite as Romulus or Numa.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1988, Clifford Geertz, Works and Lives: The Anthropologist as Author, page 19",
"text": "Boas, Benedict, Malinowski, Radcliffe-Brown, Murdock, Evans-Pritchard, Griaule, Levi-Strauss, to keep the list short, preterite, and variegated, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Belonging wholly to the past; passed by."
],
"id": "en-preterite-en-adj-0VB5CBeO",
"links": [
[
"Belonging",
"belonging"
],
[
"wholly",
"wholly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"sense": "belonging wholly to the past",
"word": "bygone"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹət/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹɪt/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "foregone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "past"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "praeterite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præterite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "pret."
}
],
"word": "preterite"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "*h₁ey-"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "preterit"
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"expansion": "Middle English preterit",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "preterit"
},
"expansion": "Old French preterit",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praeteritum"
},
"expansion": "Latin praeteritum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tempus praeteritum",
"3": "",
"4": "time past"
},
"expansion": "tempus praeteritum (“time past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praetereō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go by, go past"
},
"expansion": "praetereō (“I go by, go past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praeter",
"3": "",
"4": "beyond, before, above, more than"
},
"expansion": "praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prae",
"3": "",
"4": "before"
},
"expansion": "prae (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itum"
},
"expansion": "itum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go"
},
"expansion": "eō (“I go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English preterit, from Old French preterit (13th century), from Latin praeteritum (as in tempus praeteritum (“time past”)), the past participle of praetereō (“I go by, go past”), itself from praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”) (comparative of prae (“before”)) + itum (the past participle of eō (“I go”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "preterites",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "preterite (plural preterites)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
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{
"_dis": "15 40 46",
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{
"_dis": "28 19 53",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tenses",
"orig": "en:Tenses",
"parents": [
"Grammar",
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1772, John Mair, A Radical Vocabulary, Latin and English, Edinburgh: A. Murray, and J. Cochran, for A. Kincaid & W. Creech, and J. Bell, →OCLC, page 101",
"text": "When simple verbs redouble the preterite, the compounds drop the first syllable, as: Pello, pĕpŭli, to drive away, to beat back; Repello, rĕpŭli, and not rĕpĕpŭli, to drive back, to repel.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Dieter Stein, Ingrid Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Towards a Standard English: 1600-1800, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 115",
"text": "Nevertheless, a small amount of variation still exists in one area of standard English verbal morphology: the preterite and past participle forms of certain irregular verbs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grammatical tense or verb form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past."
],
"id": "en-preterite-en-noun-en:tense",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A grammatical tense or verb form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "preterition"
},
{
"word": "preteritive"
},
{
"word": "preterite tense"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:tense"
],
"topics": [
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"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "minalo vreme",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "минало време"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretèrit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "præteritum"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "datid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "onvoltooid verleden tijd"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "preterito"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "preteriti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prétérit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Präteritum"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aóristos",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "αόριστος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "elbeszélő múlt (idő)"
},
{
"alt": "かこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "過去"
},
{
"alt": "かこじせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako-jisei",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "過去時制"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "praeteritum"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sîmpl'ye pâssé"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preteritum"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preteritum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czas przeszły"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretérito"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prošédšeje vrémja",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "проше́дшее вре́мя"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pretɛ́rit",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прете́рит"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "pretérito"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preteritum"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹət/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹɪt/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "praeterite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præterite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "pret."
}
],
"word": "preterite"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"en:Tenses"
],
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"args": {
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"2": "enm",
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"expansion": "Middle English preterit",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "preterit"
},
"expansion": "Old French preterit",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praeteritum"
},
"expansion": "Latin praeteritum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tempus praeteritum",
"3": "",
"4": "time past"
},
"expansion": "tempus praeteritum (“time past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praetereō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go by, go past"
},
"expansion": "praetereō (“I go by, go past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praeter",
"3": "",
"4": "beyond, before, above, more than"
},
"expansion": "praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prae",
"3": "",
"4": "before"
},
"expansion": "prae (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itum"
},
"expansion": "itum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go"
},
"expansion": "eō (“I go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English preterit, from Old French preterit (13th century), from Latin praeteritum (as in tempus praeteritum (“time past”)), the past participle of praetereō (“I go by, go past”), itself from praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”) (comparative of prae (“before”)) + itum (the past participle of eō (“I go”)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "preterite (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913 [1856], Robert Caldwell, edited by J.L. Wyatt and T. Ramakrishna Pillai, A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian, or, South-Indian Family of Languages, 3rd edition, London: Kegan Paul, →OCLC, page 496",
"text": "The Dravidian preterite tense is ordinarily formed, like the present, by annexing the pronominal signs to the preterite verbal participle.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Showing an action at a determined moment in the past."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"tense",
"tense"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"determined",
"determined"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, of a tense) Showing an action at a determined moment in the past."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a tense"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1890, James Russell Lowell, “Cambridge Thirty Years Ago”, in The Writings of James Russell Lowell, Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, →OCLC, page 52",
"text": "Without leaving your elbow-chair, you shall go back with me thirty years, which will bring you among things and persons as thoroughly preterite as Romulus or Numa.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1988, Clifford Geertz, Works and Lives: The Anthropologist as Author, page 19",
"text": "Boas, Benedict, Malinowski, Radcliffe-Brown, Murdock, Evans-Pritchard, Griaule, Levi-Strauss, to keep the list short, preterite, and variegated, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Belonging wholly to the past; passed by."
],
"links": [
[
"Belonging",
"belonging"
],
[
"wholly",
"wholly"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹət/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹɪt/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "belonging wholly to the past",
"word": "bygone"
},
{
"word": "foregone"
},
{
"word": "past"
},
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"word": "praeterite"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præterite"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "pret."
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "minal",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "минал"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "pretèrit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "in de verleden tijd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "in het preteritum"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "üldminevik"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "du passé"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parochiménos",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "παρωχημένος"
},
{
"alt": "かこの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako no",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"adnominal"
],
"word": "過去の"
},
{
"alt": "かこじせいの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako-jisei no",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "過去時制の"
},
{
"alt": "てんかこの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "for Spanish grammar",
"roman": "ten-kako no",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "点過去の"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "praeteritus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przeszły"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretérito"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pretérit",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прете́рит"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prošédšeje povestvovátelʹnoje",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "проше́дшее повествова́тельное"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing an action at a determined moment in the past",
"word": "pretérito"
}
],
"word": "preterite"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"en:Tenses"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "preterit"
},
"expansion": "Middle English preterit",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "preterit"
},
"expansion": "Old French preterit",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praeteritum"
},
"expansion": "Latin praeteritum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tempus praeteritum",
"3": "",
"4": "time past"
},
"expansion": "tempus praeteritum (“time past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praetereō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go by, go past"
},
"expansion": "praetereō (“I go by, go past”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "praeter",
"3": "",
"4": "beyond, before, above, more than"
},
"expansion": "praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prae",
"3": "",
"4": "before"
},
"expansion": "prae (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itum"
},
"expansion": "itum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eō",
"3": "",
"4": "I go"
},
"expansion": "eō (“I go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English preterit, from Old French preterit (13th century), from Latin praeteritum (as in tempus praeteritum (“time past”)), the past participle of praetereō (“I go by, go past”), itself from praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”) (comparative of prae (“before”)) + itum (the past participle of eō (“I go”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "preterites",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "preterite (plural preterites)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "preterition"
},
{
"word": "preteritive"
},
{
"word": "preterite tense"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1772, John Mair, A Radical Vocabulary, Latin and English, Edinburgh: A. Murray, and J. Cochran, for A. Kincaid & W. Creech, and J. Bell, →OCLC, page 101",
"text": "When simple verbs redouble the preterite, the compounds drop the first syllable, as: Pello, pĕpŭli, to drive away, to beat back; Repello, rĕpŭli, and not rĕpĕpŭli, to drive back, to repel.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Dieter Stein, Ingrid Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Towards a Standard English: 1600-1800, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 115",
"text": "Nevertheless, a small amount of variation still exists in one area of standard English verbal morphology: the preterite and past participle forms of certain irregular verbs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grammatical tense or verb form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A grammatical tense or verb form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past."
],
"senseid": [
"en:tense"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹət/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹɛtəɹɪt/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"word": "praeterite"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præterite"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "pret."
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "minalo vreme",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "минало време"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretèrit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "præteritum"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "datid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "onvoltooid verleden tijd"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "preterito"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "preteriti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prétérit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Präteritum"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aóristos",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "αόριστος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "elbeszélő múlt (idő)"
},
{
"alt": "かこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "過去"
},
{
"alt": "かこじせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kako-jisei",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "過去時制"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "praeteritum"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sîmpl'ye pâssé"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preteritum"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preteritum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czas przeszły"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretérito"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prošédšeje vrémja",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "проше́дшее вре́мя"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pretɛ́rit",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прете́рит"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "preterit"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"word": "pretérito"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "preterite tense; simple past",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "preteritum"
}
],
"word": "preterite"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.