"holly" meaning in English

See holly in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈhɒli/ [UK], /ˈhɑli/ [US] Audio: en-us-holly.ogg Forms: hollies [plural]
Rhymes: -ɒli Etymology: From Middle English holly, holi, holie, a shortened variation of holin, holyn (> English dialectal hollen, holm), from Old English holeġn, holen (“holly; prince, protector”), from Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”). cognates Cognate with Scots holin, hollin, holyn (“holly”), Dutch hulst (“holly”), German Hulst (“holly”), French houx ("holly" < Germanic), Danish hylver (“holly”), Welsh celyn (“holly”), Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”), Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”), Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”), Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”), Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|holly}} Middle English holly, {{inh|en|ang|holeġn}} Old English holeġn, {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*hulis|t=holly}} Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*kelh₂-||to beat, break}} Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”), {{cog|sco|holin}} Scots holin, {{cog|nl|hulst||holly}} Dutch hulst (“holly”), {{cog|de|Hulst||holly}} German Hulst (“holly”), {{cog|fr|houx}} French houx, {{gloss|&quot;holly&quot; &lt; Germanic}} ("holly" < Germanic), {{cog|da|hylver||holly}} Danish hylver (“holly”), {{cog|cy|celyn||holly}} Welsh celyn (“holly”), {{cog|ru|ко́лос||ear of wheat}} Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”), {{cog|sq|kalli||straw, chaff}} Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”), {{cog|la|culmus||stalk, stem}} Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”), {{cog|sa|कटम्ब||arrow}} Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”), {{cog|cu|класъ||ear of grain}} Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”) Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} holly (countable and uncountable, plural hollies)
  1. Any of various shrubs or (mostly) small trees, of the genus Ilex, either evergreen or deciduous, used as decoration especially at Christmas. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (lifeform): Hollies, Trees Translations (any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex): ashe [feminine] (Albanian), κήλαστρος (kḗlastros) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), بَهَشِيَّة (bahašiyya) [feminine] (Arabic), إِيلِكْس (ʔīliks) [masculine] (Arabic), փշարմավ (pʻšarmav) (Armenian), acebu [masculine] (Asturian), şümşə (Azerbaijani), pirkal (Azerbaijani), gorosti (Basque), kelenn (Breton), джел (džel) [masculine] (Bulgarian), бодлива зеленика (bodliva zelenika) [feminine] (Bulgarian), grèvol [masculine] (Catalan), ᎤᏍᏓᏍᏗ (usdasdi) (Cherokee), 冬青 (dōngqīng) (Chinese Mandarin), kelynnen [feminine] (Cornish), kelyn [feminine, plural] (Cornish), cesmína [feminine] (Czech), kristtorn (Danish), hulst [masculine] (Dutch), ilekso (Esperanto), iileks (Estonian), astelpõõsas (Estonian), orjanlaakeri (Finnish), agriblon [masculine] (Franco-Provençal), houx [masculine] (French), rafacon [masculine] (Friulian), acivro [masculine] (Galician), xardón [masculine] (Galician), ბაძგი (baʒgi) (Georgian), ჭყორი (č̣q̇ori) (Georgian), Stechpalme [feminine] (German), Hulse [feminine] (German), Hulst [masculine] (German), Hülse [feminine] (German), Stechhülse [feminine] (German), Hülsdorn [masculine] (German), Ilex [masculine] (German), ίλεξ (ílex) [feminine] (Greek), magyal (Hungarian), ilexo (Ido), cuileann [feminine, masculine] (Irish), crann cuilinn [masculine] (Irish), agrifoglio [masculine] (Italian), 西洋柊 (seiyōhiiragi) (alt: セイヨウヒイラギ) (Japanese), 犬黄楊 (inutsuge) (english: a certain species) (alt: イヌツゲ) (Japanese), 黐の木 (mochinoki) (alt: モチノキ) (Japanese), acrifolium (Latin), bugienis (Lithuanian), ბარცხინი (barcxini) (Mingrelian), ბარცხელი (barcxeli) (Mingrelian), ბაძგი (baʒgi) (Mingrelian), didzéłchííʼ (Navajo), housse [Jersey, masculine] (Norman), kristtorn [masculine] (Norwegian), grefuèlh [masculine] (Occitan), agrèvol (Occitan), agreu (Occitan), grifol (Occitan), holen [masculine] (Old English), پرنال (pırnal) (Ottoman Turkish), کولخاس (kulexâs) (Persian), ostrokrzew [masculine] (Polish), azevinho (Portuguese), wayusa (Quechua), asiwu (Quechua), ilice [feminine] (Romanian), laur [masculine] (Romanian), па́дуб (pádub) [masculine] (Russian), остроли́ст (ostrolíst) [masculine] (Russian), alase [masculine] (Sardinian), golosti [masculine] (Sardinian), olosti (Sardinian), bolostru (Sardinian), cuileann [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), crann-cuilinn [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), craobh-chuilinn [feminine] (Scottish Gaelic), божи́ковина [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), božíkovina [Latin, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), addaurufogghiu [masculine] (Sicilian), cezmína [feminine] (Slovak), bodíka [feminine] (Slovene), acebo [masculine] (Spanish), ბა̈რცხილ (bärcxil) (Svan), järnek (Swedish), asebo (Tagalog), çobanpüskülü (Turkish), па́дуб (pádub) (Ukrainian), agrifoi [masculine] (Venetan), spergol (Venetan), celynen [feminine] (Welsh), celyn [collective, feminine, plural] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-holly-en-noun-tPA25Nrm Disambiguation of Hollies: 56 7 38 Disambiguation of Trees: 54 10 36 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Breton translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Cherokee translations, Terms with Cornish translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with Franco-Provençal translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Friulian translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Mingrelian translations, Terms with Navajo translations, Terms with Norman translations, Terms with Norwegian translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Quechua translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Sardinian translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Sicilian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Svan translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Venetan translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 49 5 46 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 47 4 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 42 2 46 6 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 44 2 48 4 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 47 6 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Basque translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Breton translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 47 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Cherokee translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Cornish translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 50 3 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 47 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 47 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 47 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Franco-Provençal translations: 46 3 50 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 48 2 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Friulian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 49 4 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 48 4 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 48 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 48 6 46 Disambiguation of Terms with Mingrelian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Navajo translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Norman translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 52 4 44 Disambiguation of Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations: 47 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 49 2 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Quechua translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Sardinian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Sicilian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 47 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Svan translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Venetan translations: 49 2 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 47 2 51 Disambiguation of 'any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex': 78 1 21
  2. The wood from this tree. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-holly-en-noun-8Wt5ln96
  3. (with a qualifier) Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-holly-en-noun-O8zq~~EB Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Breton translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Cherokee translations, Terms with Cornish translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with Franco-Provençal translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Friulian translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Mingrelian translations, Terms with Navajo translations, Terms with Norman translations, Terms with Norwegian translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Quechua translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Sardinian translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Sicilian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Svan translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Venetan translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 49 5 46 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 47 4 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 42 2 46 6 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 44 2 48 4 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 47 6 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Basque translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Breton translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 47 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Cherokee translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Cornish translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 50 3 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 47 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 47 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 47 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Franco-Provençal translations: 46 3 50 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 48 2 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Friulian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 49 4 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 48 4 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 48 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 48 6 46 Disambiguation of Terms with Mingrelian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Navajo translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Norman translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 52 4 44 Disambiguation of Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations: 47 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 49 2 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Quechua translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Sardinian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Sicilian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 47 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Svan translations: 46 2 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 46 3 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 46 2 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Venetan translations: 49 2 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 47 2 51
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: American holly, California holly, Christmas holly (taxonomic: Ilex aquifolium), common holly (taxonomic: Ilex aquifolium), deciduous holly, English holly (taxonomic: Ilex aquifolium), European holly (taxonomic: Ilex aquifolium), false holly (taxonomic: Osmanthus heterophyllus), holly barberry, holly bay (taxonomic: Gordonia lasianthus), holly blue, Holly Hills, holly laurel (taxonomic: Prunus ilicifolia), holly-leaf oak (taxonomic: Quercus ilicifolia), holly-leaved barberry, holly-leaved cherry, holly-leaved oak (taxonomic: Quercus ilicifolia), Holly Oak (english: Delaware), holly oak (taxonomic: Quercus ilex), holly olive (taxonomic: Osmanthus heterophyllus), holly osmanthus (taxonomic: Osmanthus heterophyllus), holly rose (taxonomic: Turnera ulmifolia), Holly Springs, Hollywood, inkberry holly, knee holly, Michigan holly, Mount Holly, sea holly, Singapore holly, swamp holly, winterberry holly

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "American holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "California holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "Christmas holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "common holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "deciduous holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "English holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "European holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
      "word": "false holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "holly barberry"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Gordonia lasianthus",
      "word": "holly bay"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "holly blue"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Holly Hills"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Prunus ilicifolia",
      "word": "holly laurel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Quercus ilicifolia",
      "word": "holly-leaf oak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "holly-leaved barberry"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "holly-leaved cherry"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Quercus ilicifolia",
      "word": "holly-leaved oak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "Delaware",
      "word": "Holly Oak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Quercus ilex",
      "word": "holly oak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
      "word": "holly olive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
      "word": "holly osmanthus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "taxonomic": "Turnera ulmifolia",
      "word": "holly rose"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Holly Springs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Hollywood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "inkberry holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "knee holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Michigan holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Mount Holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sea holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Singapore holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "swamp holly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "winterberry holly"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English holly",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "holeġn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English holeġn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hulis",
        "t": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kelh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to beat, break"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "holin"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots holin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hulst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch hulst (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Hulst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "German Hulst (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "houx"
      },
      "expansion": "French houx",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "\"holly\" < Germanic"
      },
      "expansion": "(\"holly\" < Germanic)",
      "name": "gloss"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "hylver",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish hylver (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "celyn",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh celyn (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ко́лос",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear of wheat"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "kalli",
        "3": "",
        "4": "straw, chaff"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "culmus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stalk, stem"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कटम्ब",
        "3": "",
        "4": "arrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "класъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear of grain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English holly, holi, holie, a shortened variation of holin, holyn (> English dialectal hollen, holm), from Old English holeġn, holen (“holly; prince, protector”), from Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”).\ncognates\n Cognate with Scots holin, hollin, holyn (“holly”), Dutch hulst (“holly”), German Hulst (“holly”), French houx (\"holly\" < Germanic), Danish hylver (“holly”), Welsh celyn (“holly”), Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”), Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”), Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”), Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”), Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hollies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "holly (countable and uncountable, plural hollies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
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      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "49 5 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 6 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Basque translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Breton translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Cherokee translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 3 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Franco-Provençal translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 2 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 4 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 4 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ido translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Irish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 6 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mingrelian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norman translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 4 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Old English translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 2 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Sardinian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Svan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 3 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 2 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 7 38",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Hollies",
          "orig": "en:Hollies",
          "parents": [
            "Plants",
            "Shrubs",
            "Trees",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 10 36",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Trees",
          "orig": "en:Trees",
          "parents": [
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 273:",
          "text": "Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various shrubs or (mostly) small trees, of the genus Ilex, either evergreen or deciduous, used as decoration especially at Christmas."
      ],
      "id": "en-holly-en-noun-tPA25Nrm",
      "links": [
        [
          "shrub",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ],
        [
          "Ilex",
          "Ilex#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "evergreen",
          "evergreen"
        ],
        [
          "deciduous",
          "deciduous"
        ],
        [
          "decoration",
          "decoration"
        ],
        [
          "Christmas",
          "Christmas"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ashe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "bahašiyya",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "بَهَشِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔīliks",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "إِيلِكْس"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "pʻšarmav",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "փշարմավ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "acebu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "şümşə"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "pirkal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "gorosti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "kelenn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "džel",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "джел"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "bodliva zelenika",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "бодлива зеленика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grèvol"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "chr",
          "lang": "Cherokee",
          "roman": "usdasdi",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ᎤᏍᏓᏍᏗ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "dōngqīng",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "冬青"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kelynnen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "kelyn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cesmína"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "kristtorn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hulst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ilekso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "iileks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "astelpõõsas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "orjanlaakeri"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "frp",
          "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "agriblon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "houx"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rafacon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "acivro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "xardón"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "baʒgi",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ბაძგი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "č̣q̇ori",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ჭყორი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Stechpalme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Hulse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Hulst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Hülse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Stechhülse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Hülsdorn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Ilex"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "ílex",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ίλεξ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "kḗlastros",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "κήλαστρος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "magyal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ilexo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cuileann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "crann cuilinn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "agrifoglio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "alt": "セイヨウヒイラギ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "seiyōhiiragi",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "西洋柊"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "alt": "イヌツゲ",
          "code": "ja",
          "english": "a certain species",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "inutsuge",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "犬黄楊"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "alt": "モチノキ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "mochinoki",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "黐の木"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "acrifolium"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "bugienis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "xmf",
          "lang": "Mingrelian",
          "roman": "barcxini",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ბარცხინი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "xmf",
          "lang": "Mingrelian",
          "roman": "barcxeli",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ბარცხელი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "xmf",
          "lang": "Mingrelian",
          "roman": "baʒgi",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ბაძგი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "nv",
          "lang": "Navajo",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "didzéłchííʼ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "nrf",
          "lang": "Norman",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "Jersey",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "housse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kristtorn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grefuèlh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "agrèvol"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "agreu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "grifol"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "holen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "pırnal",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "پرنال"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "kulexâs",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "کولخاس"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ostrokrzew"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "azevinho"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "wayusa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "asiwu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ilice"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "laur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pádub",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "па́дуб"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ostrolíst",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "остроли́ст"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "alase"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "golosti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "olosti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "bolostru"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cuileann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "crann-cuilinn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "craobh-chuilinn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "божи́ковина"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "božíkovina"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "addaurufogghiu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cezmína"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bodíka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "acebo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sva",
          "lang": "Svan",
          "roman": "bärcxil",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "ბა̈რცხილ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "järnek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "asebo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "çobanpüskülü"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "pádub",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "па́дуб"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "agrifoi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "word": "spergol"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "celynen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 1 21",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
          "tags": [
            "collective",
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "celyn"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The wood from this tree."
      ],
      "id": "en-holly-en-noun-8Wt5ln96",
      "links": [
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 2 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries"
      ],
      "id": "en-holly-en-noun-O8zq~~EB",
      "links": [
        [
          "qualifier",
          "qualifier"
        ],
        [
          "species",
          "species"
        ],
        [
          "Ilex",
          "Ilex#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "prickly",
          "prickly"
        ],
        [
          "evergreen",
          "evergreen"
        ],
        [
          "foliage",
          "foliage"
        ],
        [
          "berries",
          "berry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with a qualifier) Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a qualifier"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɒli/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɑli/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-holly.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/En-us-holly.ogg/En-us-holly.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/En-us-holly.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Holly (disambiguation)"
  ],
  "word": "holly"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
    "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒli",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒli/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Breton translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Cherokee translations",
    "Terms with Cornish translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with Franco-Provençal translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Friulian translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Mingrelian translations",
    "Terms with Navajo translations",
    "Terms with Norman translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Quechua translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Sardinian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Sicilian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Svan translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Venetan translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Hollies",
    "en:Trees"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "American holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "California holly"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "Christmas holly"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "common holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "deciduous holly"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "English holly"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
      "word": "European holly"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
      "word": "false holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "holly barberry"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Gordonia lasianthus",
      "word": "holly bay"
    },
    {
      "word": "holly blue"
    },
    {
      "word": "Holly Hills"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Prunus ilicifolia",
      "word": "holly laurel"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Quercus ilicifolia",
      "word": "holly-leaf oak"
    },
    {
      "word": "holly-leaved barberry"
    },
    {
      "word": "holly-leaved cherry"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Quercus ilicifolia",
      "word": "holly-leaved oak"
    },
    {
      "english": "Delaware",
      "word": "Holly Oak"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Quercus ilex",
      "word": "holly oak"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
      "word": "holly olive"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
      "word": "holly osmanthus"
    },
    {
      "taxonomic": "Turnera ulmifolia",
      "word": "holly rose"
    },
    {
      "word": "Holly Springs"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hollywood"
    },
    {
      "word": "inkberry holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "knee holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "Michigan holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "Mount Holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "sea holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "Singapore holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "swamp holly"
    },
    {
      "word": "winterberry holly"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English holly",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "holeġn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English holeġn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hulis",
        "t": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kelh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to beat, break"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "holin"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots holin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hulst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch hulst (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Hulst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "German Hulst (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "houx"
      },
      "expansion": "French houx",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "\"holly\" < Germanic"
      },
      "expansion": "(\"holly\" < Germanic)",
      "name": "gloss"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "hylver",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish hylver (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "celyn",
        "3": "",
        "4": "holly"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh celyn (“holly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ко́лос",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear of wheat"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "kalli",
        "3": "",
        "4": "straw, chaff"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "culmus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stalk, stem"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कटम्ब",
        "3": "",
        "4": "arrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "класъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear of grain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English holly, holi, holie, a shortened variation of holin, holyn (> English dialectal hollen, holm), from Old English holeġn, holen (“holly; prince, protector”), from Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”).\ncognates\n Cognate with Scots holin, hollin, holyn (“holly”), Dutch hulst (“holly”), German Hulst (“holly”), French houx (\"holly\" < Germanic), Danish hylver (“holly”), Welsh celyn (“holly”), Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”), Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”), Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”), Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”), Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hollies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "holly (countable and uncountable, plural hollies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 273:",
          "text": "Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various shrubs or (mostly) small trees, of the genus Ilex, either evergreen or deciduous, used as decoration especially at Christmas."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shrub",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ],
        [
          "Ilex",
          "Ilex#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "evergreen",
          "evergreen"
        ],
        [
          "deciduous",
          "deciduous"
        ],
        [
          "decoration",
          "decoration"
        ],
        [
          "Christmas",
          "Christmas"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The wood from this tree."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "qualifier",
          "qualifier"
        ],
        [
          "species",
          "species"
        ],
        [
          "Ilex",
          "Ilex#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "prickly",
          "prickly"
        ],
        [
          "evergreen",
          "evergreen"
        ],
        [
          "foliage",
          "foliage"
        ],
        [
          "berries",
          "berry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with a qualifier) Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a qualifier"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɒli/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɑli/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-holly.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/En-us-holly.ogg/En-us-holly.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/En-us-holly.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ashe"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "bahašiyya",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "بَهَشِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔīliks",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "إِيلِكْس"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "pʻšarmav",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "փշարմավ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "acebu"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "şümşə"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "pirkal"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "gorosti"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "kelenn"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "džel",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "джел"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "bodliva zelenika",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "бодлива зеленика"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grèvol"
    },
    {
      "code": "chr",
      "lang": "Cherokee",
      "roman": "usdasdi",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ᎤᏍᏓᏍᏗ"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "dōngqīng",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "冬青"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kelynnen"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "kelyn"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cesmína"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "kristtorn"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hulst"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ilekso"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "iileks"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "astelpõõsas"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "orjanlaakeri"
    },
    {
      "code": "frp",
      "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "agriblon"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "houx"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rafacon"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "acivro"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "xardón"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "baʒgi",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ბაძგი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "č̣q̇ori",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ჭყორი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Stechpalme"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hulse"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Hulst"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hülse"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Stechhülse"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Hülsdorn"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ilex"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "ílex",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ίλεξ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "kḗlastros",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "κήλαστρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "magyal"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ilexo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cuileann"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "crann cuilinn"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "agrifoglio"
    },
    {
      "alt": "セイヨウヒイラギ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "seiyōhiiragi",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "西洋柊"
    },
    {
      "alt": "イヌツゲ",
      "code": "ja",
      "english": "a certain species",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "inutsuge",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "犬黄楊"
    },
    {
      "alt": "モチノキ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "mochinoki",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "黐の木"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "acrifolium"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "bugienis"
    },
    {
      "code": "xmf",
      "lang": "Mingrelian",
      "roman": "barcxini",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ბარცხინი"
    },
    {
      "code": "xmf",
      "lang": "Mingrelian",
      "roman": "barcxeli",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ბარცხელი"
    },
    {
      "code": "xmf",
      "lang": "Mingrelian",
      "roman": "baʒgi",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ბაძგი"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "didzéłchííʼ"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrf",
      "lang": "Norman",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "Jersey",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "housse"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kristtorn"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grefuèlh"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "agrèvol"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "agreu"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "grifol"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "holen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "pırnal",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "پرنال"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "kulexâs",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "کولخاس"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ostrokrzew"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "azevinho"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "wayusa"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "asiwu"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ilice"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "laur"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pádub",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "па́дуб"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ostrolíst",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "остроли́ст"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "alase"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "golosti"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "olosti"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "bolostru"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cuileann"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "crann-cuilinn"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "craobh-chuilinn"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "божи́ковина"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "božíkovina"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "addaurufogghiu"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cezmína"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bodíka"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "acebo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sva",
      "lang": "Svan",
      "roman": "bärcxil",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "ბა̈რცხილ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "järnek"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "asebo"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "çobanpüskülü"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "pádub",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "па́дуб"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetan",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "agrifoi"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetan",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "word": "spergol"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "celynen"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
      "tags": [
        "collective",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "celyn"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Holly (disambiguation)"
  ],
  "word": "holly"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.