See holly on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for holly meaning in All languages combined (25.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "American holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "California holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
"word": "Christmas holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
"word": "common holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "deciduous holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
"word": "English holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ilex aquifolium",
"word": "European holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
"word": "false holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "holly barberry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Gordonia lasianthus",
"word": "holly bay"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "holly blue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Holly Hills"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Prunus ilicifolia",
"word": "holly laurel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Quercus ilicifolia",
"word": "holly-leaf oak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "holly-leaved barberry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "holly-leaved cherry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Quercus ilicifolia",
"word": "holly-leaved oak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "Delaware",
"word": "Holly Oak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Quercus ilex",
"word": "holly oak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
"word": "holly olive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Osmanthus heterophyllus",
"word": "holly osmanthus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Turnera ulmifolia",
"word": "holly rose"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Holly Springs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Hollywood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "inkberry holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "knee holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Michigan holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Mount Holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sea holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Singapore holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "swamp holly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "winterberry holly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "holly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English holly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "holi"
},
"expansion": "holi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "holie"
},
"expansion": "holie",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "holin"
},
"expansion": "holin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "holyn"
},
"expansion": "holyn",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hollen"
},
"expansion": "hollen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "holm"
},
"expansion": "holm",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "holeġn"
},
"expansion": "Old English holeġn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "holen",
"3": "",
"4": "holly; prince, protector"
},
"expansion": "holen (“holly; prince, protector”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hulis",
"t": "holly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to beat, break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "holin"
},
"expansion": "Scots holin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hollin"
},
"expansion": "hollin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "holyn",
"3": "",
"4": "holly"
},
"expansion": "holyn (“holly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hulst",
"3": "",
"4": "holly"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hulst (“holly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hulst",
"3": "",
"4": "holly"
},
"expansion": "German Hulst (“holly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "houx"
},
"expansion": "French houx",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"holly\" < Germanic"
},
"expansion": "(\"holly\" < Germanic)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hylver",
"3": "",
"4": "holly"
},
"expansion": "Danish hylver (“holly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "celyn",
"3": "",
"4": "holly"
},
"expansion": "Welsh celyn (“holly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ко́лос",
"3": "",
"4": "ear of wheat"
},
"expansion": "Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kalli",
"3": "",
"4": "straw, chaff"
},
"expansion": "Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "culmus",
"3": "",
"4": "stalk, stem"
},
"expansion": "Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कटम्ब",
"3": "",
"4": "arrow"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "класъ",
"3": "",
"4": "ear of grain"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English holly, holi, holie, a shortened variation of holin, holyn (> English dialectal hollen, holm), from Old English holeġn, holen (“holly; prince, protector”), from Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”).\ncognates\n Cognate with Scots holin, hollin, holyn (“holly”), Dutch hulst (“holly”), German Hulst (“holly”), French houx (\"holly\" < Germanic), Danish hylver (“holly”), Welsh celyn (“holly”), Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”), Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”), Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”), Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”), Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hollies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "holly (countable and uncountable, plural hollies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 9 38",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hollies",
"orig": "en:Hollies",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 14 37",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "en:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 273",
"text": "Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various shrubs or (mostly) small trees, of the genus Ilex, either evergreen or deciduous, used as decoration especially at Christmas."
],
"id": "en-holly-en-noun-tPA25Nrm",
"links": [
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"Ilex",
"Ilex#Translingual"
],
[
"evergreen",
"evergreen"
],
[
"deciduous",
"deciduous"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ashe"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bahašiyya",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَهَشِيَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔīliks",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِيلِكْس"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʻšarmav",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "փշարմավ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acebu"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "şümşə"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "pirkal"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "gorosti"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "kelenn"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "džel",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "джел"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bodliva zelenika",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бодлива зеленика"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grèvol"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "usdasdi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ᎤᏍᏓᏍᏗ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dōngqīng",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "冬青"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kelynnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "kelyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cesmína"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "kristtorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hulst"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ilekso"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "iileks"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "astelpõõsas"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "orjanlaakeri"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "frp",
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agriblon"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "houx"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rafacon"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acivro"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xardón"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "baʒgi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბაძგი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "č̣q̇ori",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ჭყორი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Stechpalme"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hulse"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hulst"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hülse"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Stechhülse"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hülsdorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ilex"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ílex",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ίλεξ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kḗlastros",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κήλαστρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "magyal"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "krisztustövis"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ilexo"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuileann"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crann cuilinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agrifoglio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"alt": "セイヨウヒイラギ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seiyōhiiragi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "西洋柊"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"alt": "イヌツゲ",
"code": "ja",
"english": "a certain species",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "inutsuge",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "犬黄楊"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"alt": "モチノキ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mochinoki",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "黐の木"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "acrifolium"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "bugienis"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "barcxini",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბარცხინი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "barcxeli",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბარცხელი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "baʒgi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბაძგი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "didzéłchííʼ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "housse"
},
{
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "grifol"
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"code": "ang",
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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],
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},
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"code": "ota",
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "پرنال"
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "کولخاس"
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"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "ostrokrzew"
},
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "azevinho"
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "wayusa"
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ilice"
},
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"code": "ro",
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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],
"word": "laur"
},
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"code": "ru",
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],
"word": "па́дуб"
},
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"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ostrolíst",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "остроли́ст"
},
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "alase"
},
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "sc",
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],
"word": "golosti"
},
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "sc",
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "olosti"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "bolostru"
},
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "cuileann"
},
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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],
"word": "crann-cuilinn"
},
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "gd",
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"feminine"
],
"word": "craobh-chuilinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "божи́ковина"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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],
"word": "božíkovina"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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],
"word": "addaurufogghiu"
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
"code": "sk",
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],
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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],
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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"word": "ბა̈რცხილ"
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"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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"_dis1": "78 1 21",
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"lang": "Turkish",
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],
"word": "agrifoi"
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{
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{
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{
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"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "holly (countable and uncountable, plural hollies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 273",
"text": "Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various shrubs or (mostly) small trees, of the genus Ilex, either evergreen or deciduous, used as decoration especially at Christmas."
],
"links": [
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"Ilex",
"Ilex#Translingual"
],
[
"evergreen",
"evergreen"
],
[
"deciduous",
"deciduous"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The wood from this tree."
],
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries"
],
"links": [
[
"qualifier",
"qualifier"
],
[
"species",
"species"
],
[
"Ilex",
"Ilex#Translingual"
],
[
"prickly",
"prickly"
],
[
"evergreen",
"evergreen"
],
[
"foliage",
"foliage"
],
[
"berries",
"berry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a qualifier) Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a qualifier"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɒli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒli"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑli/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-holly.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/En-us-holly.ogg/En-us-holly.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/En-us-holly.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ashe"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bahašiyya",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَهَشِيَّة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔīliks",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِيلِكْس"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʻšarmav",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "փշարմավ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acebu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "şümşə"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "pirkal"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "gorosti"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "kelenn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "džel",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "джел"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bodliva zelenika",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бодлива зеленика"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grèvol"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "usdasdi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ᎤᏍᏓᏍᏗ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dōngqīng",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "冬青"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kelynnen"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "kelyn"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cesmína"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "kristtorn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hulst"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ilekso"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "iileks"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "astelpõõsas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "orjanlaakeri"
},
{
"code": "frp",
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agriblon"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "houx"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rafacon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acivro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xardón"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "baʒgi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბაძგი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "č̣q̇ori",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ჭყორი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Stechpalme"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hulse"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hulst"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hülse"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Stechhülse"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hülsdorn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ilex"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ílex",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ίλεξ"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kḗlastros",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κήλαστρος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "magyal"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "krisztustövis"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ilexo"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuileann"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crann cuilinn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agrifoglio"
},
{
"alt": "セイヨウヒイラギ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seiyōhiiragi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "西洋柊"
},
{
"alt": "イヌツゲ",
"code": "ja",
"english": "a certain species",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "inutsuge",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "犬黄楊"
},
{
"alt": "モチノキ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mochinoki",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "黐の木"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "acrifolium"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "bugienis"
},
{
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "barcxini",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბარცხინი"
},
{
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "barcxeli",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბარცხელი"
},
{
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "baʒgi",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბაძგი"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "didzéłchííʼ"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "housse"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kristtorn"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grefuèlh"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "agrèvol"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "agreu"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "grifol"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "holen"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "pırnal",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "پرنال"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kulexâs",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "کولخاس"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostrokrzew"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "azevinho"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "wayusa"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "asiwu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ilice"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laur"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pádub",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "па́дуб"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ostrolíst",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остроли́ст"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alase"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "golosti"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "olosti"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "bolostru"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuileann"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crann-cuilinn"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "craobh-chuilinn"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "божи́ковина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "božíkovina"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "addaurufogghiu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cezmína"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bodíka"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acebo"
},
{
"code": "sva",
"lang": "Svan",
"roman": "bärcxil",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "ბა̈რცხილ"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "järnek"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "asebo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "çobanpüskülü"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pádub",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "па́дуб"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agrifoi"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"word": "spergol"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "celynen"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex",
"tags": [
"collective",
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "celyn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Holly (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "holly"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "holly",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "holly",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "sacred",
"word": "holy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of holy (sacred)"
],
"links": [
[
"holy",
"holy#Middle_English:_sacred"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Holly (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "holly"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "holly",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "holly",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "porous",
"word": "holy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of holy (porous)"
],
"links": [
[
"holy",
"holy#Middle_English:_porous"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Holly (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "holly"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "hollydie"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "holy",
"4": "holly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English holly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hāliġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English hāliġ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hailag"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hailag",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English holly, from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "holly",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Yola adjectives",
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola lemmas",
"Yola terms derived from Middle English",
"Yola terms derived from Old English",
"Yola terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Yola terms inherited from Middle English",
"Yola terms inherited from Old English",
"Yola terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Yola terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Yola terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Holiday.",
"ref": "1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY",
"text": "Hollydie.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"holy"
],
"links": [
[
"holy",
"holy"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Holly (disambiguation)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɔˈliː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "holy"
}
],
"word": "holly"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.