See hamstring in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": "ham",
"3": "string",
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"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string.",
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]
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"One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, or space back of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the back of the thigh."
],
"id": "en-hamstring-en-noun-6rAcuWte",
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],
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"tendon",
"tendon"
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"ham"
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"(anatomy) One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, or space back of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the back of the thigh."
],
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"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "watar al-maʔbaḍ",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "وَتَر اَلْمَأْبَض"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "bg",
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"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "колянно сухожилие"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "hase"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "takareiden lihas"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ischio-jambier"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Hüftgelenkextensoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kniesehne"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ischiocrurale Muskulatur"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rückseitige Oberschenkelmuskulatur"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "térdín"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teannán ioscaide"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "iohere kātete"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hakesän"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podkolénnoje suxožílije",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подколе́нное сухожи́лие"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podžílki",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "поджи́лки"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "isquiotibial"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "músculo isquiotibial"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
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"word": "isquiotibiales"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
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"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
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"word": "músculos isquiotibiales"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "knäsena"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hassena"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "litid sa alakalakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "llinyn y gar"
}
]
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "13 64 12 12",
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{
"_dis": "13 67 12 8",
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},
{
"_dis": "13 69 11 7",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "12 53 14 21",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "16 58 13 13",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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{
"_dis": "14 55 14 18",
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "15 62 14 9",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Adam Garett, “Fried Hams”, in Reps!, 17:23:",
"text": "Developing muscle around both sides of a joint (think biceps and triceps, abs and low back, quads and hamstrings) should be one of your primary training considerations because strength on each side leads to lower injury rates.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles."
],
"id": "en-hamstring-en-noun-wsg2S4aN",
"links": [
[
"biceps femoris",
"biceps femoris"
],
[
"semimembranosus",
"semimembranosus"
],
[
"semitendinosus",
"semitendinosus"
],
[
"muscles",
"muscles"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) The biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hams"
},
{
"word": "hammy"
},
{
"word": "hammie"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæmstɹɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-æmstɹɪŋ"
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"word": "hamstring"
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{
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "ham",
"3": "string",
"gloss1": "region back of the knee joint",
"id1": "anatomy"
},
"expansion": "ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hamstrings",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstringing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstrung",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstrung",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstringed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstringed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "hamstrings",
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"past2": "hamstringed"
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"expansion": "hamstring (third-person singular simple present hamstrings, present participle hamstringing, simple past and past participle hamstrung or hamstringed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "disable"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To lame or disable by cutting the tendons of the ham or knee; to hough."
],
"id": "en-hamstring-en-verb-PULAwwUt",
"links": [
[
"lame",
"lame"
],
[
"disable",
"disable"
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[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"tendon",
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[
"ham",
"ham"
],
[
"knee",
"knee"
],
[
"hough",
"hough"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lame or disable by cutting the tendons of the ham or knee; to hough."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hock"
},
{
"word": "hough"
},
{
"word": "hox"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1641 May, John Milton, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England: And the Cavvses that hitherto have Hindred it; republished as Will Taliaferro Hale, editor, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England (Yale Studies in English; LIV), New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1916, →OCLC:",
"text": "So have they hamstrung the valor of the subject by seeking to effeminate us all at home.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 July 17, Martin Lukacs, “Neoliberalism has conned us into fighting climate change as individuals”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Its trademark policies of privatization, deregulation, tax cuts and free trade deals: these have liberated corporations to accumulate enormous profits and treat the atmosphere like a sewage dump, and hamstrung our ability, through the instrument of the state, to plan for our collective welfare.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cripple; to incapacitate; to disable."
],
"id": "en-hamstring-en-verb-YbB0V9uy",
"links": [
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"cripple"
],
[
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"incapacitate"
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) To cripple; to incapacitate; to disable."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cripple"
},
{
"word": "incapacitate"
},
{
"word": "disable"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaqara",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "عَقَرَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osakatjavam",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "осакатявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kontuzvam",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "контузвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "lamaannuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "rampauttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "paralyser"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "speir"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "siñirlemek",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "سڭیرلمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "sinirlemek"
}
]
}
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],
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}
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},
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"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string.",
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{
"form": "hamstrings",
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]
}
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{
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],
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"One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, or space back of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the back of the thigh."
],
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],
[
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[
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"(anatomy) One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, or space back of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the back of the thigh."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
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{
"ref": "2010, Adam Garett, “Fried Hams”, in Reps!, 17:23:",
"text": "Developing muscle around both sides of a joint (think biceps and triceps, abs and low back, quads and hamstrings) should be one of your primary training considerations because strength on each side leads to lower injury rates.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles."
],
"links": [
[
"biceps femoris",
"biceps femoris"
],
[
"semimembranosus",
"semimembranosus"
],
[
"semitendinosus",
"semitendinosus"
],
[
"muscles",
"muscles"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) The biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hams"
},
{
"word": "hammy"
},
{
"word": "hammie"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæmstɹɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav",
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},
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"rhymes": "-æmstɹɪŋ"
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "watar al-maʔbaḍ",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "وَتَر اَلْمَأْبَض"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "koljanno suhožilie",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "колянно сухожилие"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "hase"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "takareiden lihas"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ischio-jambier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Hüftgelenkextensoren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kniesehne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ischiocrurale Muskulatur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rückseitige Oberschenkelmuskulatur"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "térdín"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teannán ioscaide"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "iohere kātete"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hakesän"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podkolénnoje suxožílije",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подколе́нное сухожи́лие"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podžílki",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "поджи́лки"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "isquiotibial"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "músculo isquiotibial"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "isquiotibiales"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "músculos isquiotibiales"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "knäsena"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hassena"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "great tendon",
"word": "litid sa alakalakan"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "great tendon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "llinyn y gar"
}
],
"word": "hamstring"
}
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æmstɹɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/æmstɹɪŋ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ham",
"3": "string",
"gloss1": "region back of the knee joint",
"id1": "anatomy"
},
"expansion": "ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hamstrings",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstringing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstrung",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstrung",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstringed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hamstringed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hamstrings",
"2": "hamstringing",
"3": "hamstrung",
"past2": "hamstringed"
},
"expansion": "hamstring (third-person singular simple present hamstrings, present participle hamstringing, simple past and past participle hamstrung or hamstringed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "disable"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To lame or disable by cutting the tendons of the ham or knee; to hough."
],
"links": [
[
"lame",
"lame"
],
[
"disable",
"disable"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"tendon",
"tendon"
],
[
"ham",
"ham"
],
[
"knee",
"knee"
],
[
"hough",
"hough"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lame or disable by cutting the tendons of the ham or knee; to hough."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hock"
},
{
"word": "hough"
},
{
"word": "hox"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1641 May, John Milton, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England: And the Cavvses that hitherto have Hindred it; republished as Will Taliaferro Hale, editor, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England (Yale Studies in English; LIV), New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1916, →OCLC:",
"text": "So have they hamstrung the valor of the subject by seeking to effeminate us all at home.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 July 17, Martin Lukacs, “Neoliberalism has conned us into fighting climate change as individuals”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Its trademark policies of privatization, deregulation, tax cuts and free trade deals: these have liberated corporations to accumulate enormous profits and treat the atmosphere like a sewage dump, and hamstrung our ability, through the instrument of the state, to plan for our collective welfare.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cripple; to incapacitate; to disable."
],
"links": [
[
"cripple",
"cripple"
],
[
"incapacitate",
"incapacitate"
],
[
"disable",
"disable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) To cripple; to incapacitate; to disable."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cripple"
},
{
"word": "incapacitate"
},
{
"word": "disable"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhæmstɹɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hamstring.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmstɹɪŋ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaqara",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "عَقَرَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osakatjavam",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "осакатявам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kontuzvam",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "контузвам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "lamaannuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "rampauttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "paralyser"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "speir"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "siñirlemek",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "سڭیرلمك"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to disable",
"word": "sinirlemek"
}
],
"word": "hamstring"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hamstring meaning in English (10.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.