See 懂 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 懂 meaning in Chinese (15.0kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "bù liǎojiě",
"word": "不了解"
},
{
"roman": "bùdǒng",
"word": "不懂"
},
{
"roman": "bùmíng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "不明"
},
{
"roman": "bù xiǎodé",
"word": "不曉得"
},
{
"roman": "bù xiǎodé",
"word": "不晓得"
},
{
"roman": "bùzhī",
"word": "不知"
},
{
"roman": "bù zhīdào",
"word": "不知道"
},
{
"roman": "bùjiě",
"word": "不解"
},
{
"roman": "bùtōng",
"word": "不通"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "唔知"
},
{
"word": "曉不得"
},
{
"word": "晓不得"
},
{
"roman": "mâ̤-báik",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "𣍐仈"
},
{
"roman": "mâ̤-báik",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "𫧃仈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "毋知"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "毋知影"
},
{
"roman": "mǔjī",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"neologism",
"slang"
],
"word": "母雞"
},
{
"roman": "mǔjī",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"neologism",
"slang"
],
"word": "母鸡"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bùdǒng",
"word": "不懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "不懂事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sìdǒngfēidǒng",
"word": "似懂非懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǒngshì",
"word": "懂事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǒngde",
"word": "懂得"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "懂眼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǒngháng",
"word": "懂行"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "懞懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "蒙懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "懵懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "懵懂痴呆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "měngměngdǒngdǒng",
"word": "懵懵懂懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "懵裡懵懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "懵里懵懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "搞不懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "搞懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "淺顯易懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "浅显易懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "略懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "痴呆懵懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kàndǒng",
"word": "看懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "瞢懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tīngdǒng",
"word": "聽懂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tīngdǒng",
"word": "听懂"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "黨",
"2": "to know",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “to know”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps cognate with 黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “to know”), an ancient Chu dialect word (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "懂",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "識"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "识"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "明"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 0 3 48",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Thinking",
"orig": "zh:Thinking",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I see.",
"roman": "Wǒ dǒng le.",
"text": "我懂了。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to understand good manners",
"roman": "dǒng lǐmào",
"text": "懂禮貌／懂礼貌",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I understand what he said.",
"ref": "他的話我聽懂了。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "他的话我听懂了。 [MSC, simp.]\nTā de huà wǒ tīngdǒng le. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Do you understand English?",
"roman": "Nǐ dǒng yīngyǔ ma?",
"text": "你懂英語嗎？／你懂英语吗？",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I don't understand.",
"ref": "阿拉勿懂。 [Shanghainese, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "⁷aqlaq ⁸veq ⁸ton [Wugniu]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to understand; to comprehend"
],
"id": "en-懂-zh-character-9BInZgE1",
"links": [
[
"understand",
"understand"
],
[
"comprehend",
"comprehend"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hong Kong Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Singapore Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What are you doing this summer? I don't know.",
"ref": "你這暑假準備幹什麼？我不懂。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你这暑假准备干什么？我不懂。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐ zhè shǔjià zhǔnbèi gànshénme? Wǒ bù dǒng. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know"
],
"id": "en-懂-zh-character-Vk7G5aRj",
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Singapore, Hong Kong) to know"
],
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used in 懵懂 (měngdǒng, “confused”)."
],
"id": "en-懂-zh-character-GWqH7GGI",
"links": [
[
"懵懂",
"懵懂#Chinese"
],
[
"confused",
"confused"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 4 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 0 3 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 0 3 48",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Thinking",
"orig": "zh:Thinking",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname: Dong"
],
"id": "en-懂-zh-character-McCYBZD7",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
],
[
"Dong",
"Dong"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "дун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "túng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tóng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "táng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "dong²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵ton"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tung³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "doong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "дун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "dun"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dung"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dúng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "túng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "dung`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tũŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "dūng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tóng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "dorng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "táng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "darng"
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tóng"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵ton"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ton^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²ton"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/toŋ³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tən⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tuwngX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*toːŋʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tũŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tən⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*toːŋʔ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liǎojiě",
"word": "了解"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhànyǒu",
"word": "佔有"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhànyǒu",
"word": "占有"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fēnxiǎo",
"word": "分曉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fēnxiǎo",
"word": "分晓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cānwù",
"word": "參悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cānwù",
"word": "参悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wù",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǒngde",
"word": "懂得"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Wenzhounese",
"word": "打生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎwò",
"word": "把握"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhǎngwò",
"word": "掌握"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ming4",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "明"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "明白"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "míngliǎo",
"word": "明瞭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "míngliǎo",
"word": "明了"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiǎode",
"word": "曉得"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiǎode",
"word": "晓得"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huìwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "會悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huìwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "会悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dòngxī",
"word": "洞悉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mainland-China"
],
"word": "清亮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "清楚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "熟似"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shúxī",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shúrěn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "熟稔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shúshí",
"word": "熟識"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shúshí",
"word": "熟识"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐhuì",
"word": "理會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐhuì",
"word": "理会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐjiě",
"word": "理解"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liǎowù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "瞭悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liǎowù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "了悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "知影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhīxī",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "知悉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhīxiǎo",
"word": "知曉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhīxiǎo",
"word": "知晓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhīshí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "知識"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhīshí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "知识"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "知道"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "覺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "觉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "juéwù",
"word": "覺悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "juéwù",
"word": "觉悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "juéxǐng",
"word": "覺醒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "juéxǐng",
"word": "觉醒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "認識"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "认识"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ānxiǎo",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "諳曉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ānxiǎo",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谙晓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "āndá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "諳達"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "āndá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谙达"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "guàntōng",
"word": "貫通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "guàntōng",
"word": "贯通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngxiǎo",
"word": "通曉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngxiǎo",
"word": "通晓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngjiě",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "通解"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngdá",
"word": "通達"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngdá",
"word": "通达"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "達"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "达"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xǐngwù",
"word": "醒悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kāiwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "開悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kāiwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "开悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐngwù",
"word": "領悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐngwù",
"word": "领悟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐnghuì",
"word": "領會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐnghuì",
"word": "领会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐnglüè",
"word": "領略"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǐnglüè",
"word": "领略"
}
],
"word": "懂"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "bù liǎojiě",
"word": "不了解"
},
{
"roman": "bùdǒng",
"word": "不懂"
},
{
"roman": "bùmíng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "不明"
},
{
"roman": "bù xiǎodé",
"word": "不曉得"
},
{
"roman": "bù xiǎodé",
"word": "不晓得"
},
{
"roman": "bùzhī",
"word": "不知"
},
{
"roman": "bù zhīdào",
"word": "不知道"
},
{
"roman": "bùjiě",
"word": "不解"
},
{
"roman": "bùtōng",
"word": "不通"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "唔知"
},
{
"word": "曉不得"
},
{
"word": "晓不得"
},
{
"roman": "mâ̤-báik",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "𣍐仈"
},
{
"roman": "mâ̤-báik",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "𫧃仈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "毋知"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "毋知影"
},
{
"roman": "mǔjī",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"neologism",
"slang"
],
"word": "母雞"
},
{
"roman": "mǔjī",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"neologism",
"slang"
],
"word": "母鸡"
}
],
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Northern Min verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Thinking"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùdǒng",
"word": "不懂"
},
{
"word": "不懂事"
},
{
"roman": "sìdǒngfēidǒng",
"word": "似懂非懂"
},
{
"roman": "dǒngshì",
"word": "懂事"
},
{
"roman": "dǒngde",
"word": "懂得"
},
{
"word": "懂眼"
},
{
"roman": "dǒngháng",
"word": "懂行"
},
{
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "懞懂"
},
{
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "蒙懂"
},
{
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "懵懂"
},
{
"word": "懵懂痴呆"
},
{
"roman": "měngměngdǒngdǒng",
"word": "懵懵懂懂"
},
{
"word": "懵裡懵懂"
},
{
"word": "懵里懵懂"
},
{
"word": "搞不懂"
},
{
"word": "搞懂"
},
{
"word": "淺顯易懂"
},
{
"word": "浅显易懂"
},
{
"word": "略懂"
},
{
"word": "痴呆懵懂"
},
{
"roman": "kàndǒng",
"word": "看懂"
},
{
"roman": "měngdǒng",
"word": "瞢懂"
},
{
"roman": "tīngdǒng",
"word": "聽懂"
},
{
"roman": "tīngdǒng",
"word": "听懂"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "黨",
"2": "to know",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “to know”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps cognate with 黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “to know”), an ancient Chu dialect word (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "懂",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "識"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "识"
},
{
"word": "明"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Wu terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I see.",
"roman": "Wǒ dǒng le.",
"text": "我懂了。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to understand good manners",
"roman": "dǒng lǐmào",
"text": "懂禮貌／懂礼貌",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I understand what he said.",
"ref": "他的話我聽懂了。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "他的话我听懂了。 [MSC, simp.]\nTā de huà wǒ tīngdǒng le. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Do you understand English?",
"roman": "Nǐ dǒng yīngyǔ ma?",
"text": "你懂英語嗎？／你懂英语吗？",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I don't understand.",
"ref": "阿拉勿懂。 [Shanghainese, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "⁷aqlaq ⁸veq ⁸ton [Wugniu]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to understand; to comprehend"
],
"links": [
[
"understand",
"understand"
],
[
"comprehend",
"comprehend"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hong Kong Chinese",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Singapore Chinese"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What are you doing this summer? I don't know.",
"ref": "你這暑假準備幹什麼？我不懂。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你这暑假准备干什么？我不懂。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐ zhè shǔjià zhǔnbèi gànshénme? Wǒ bù dǒng. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know"
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Singapore, Hong Kong) to know"
],
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used in 懵懂 (měngdǒng, “confused”)."
],
"links": [
[
"懵懂",
"懵懂#Chinese"
],
[
"confused",
"confused"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname: Dong"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
],
[
"Dong",
"Dong"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "дун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "túng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tóng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "táng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "dong²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵ton"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tung³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "doong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "дун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "dun"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dung"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dúng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "túng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "dung`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "dung³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tũŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "dǒng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "dūng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tóng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "dorng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "táng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "darng"
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tóng"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵ton"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ton^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²ton"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/toŋ³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "dong³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tən⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tuwngX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*toːŋʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tũŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/taŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toŋ³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tən⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*toːŋʔ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "liǎojiě",
"word": "了解"
},
{
"roman": "zhànyǒu",
"word": "佔有"
},
{
"roman": "zhànyǒu",
"word": "占有"
},
{
"roman": "fēnxiǎo",
"word": "分曉"
},
{
"roman": "fēnxiǎo",
"word": "分晓"
},
{
"roman": "cānwù",
"word": "參悟"
},
{
"roman": "cānwù",
"word": "参悟"
},
{
"roman": "wù",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "悟"
},
{
"roman": "dǒngde",
"word": "懂得"
},
{
"roman": "Wenzhounese",
"word": "打生"
},
{
"roman": "bǎwò",
"word": "把握"
},
{
"roman": "zhǎngwò",
"word": "掌握"
},
{
"roman": "ming4",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "明"
},
{
"word": "明白"
},
{
"roman": "míngliǎo",
"word": "明瞭"
},
{
"roman": "míngliǎo",
"word": "明了"
},
{
"roman": "xiǎode",
"word": "曉得"
},
{
"roman": "xiǎode",
"word": "晓得"
},
{
"roman": "huìwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "會悟"
},
{
"roman": "huìwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "会悟"
},
{
"roman": "dòngxī",
"word": "洞悉"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mainland-China"
],
"word": "清亮"
},
{
"word": "清楚"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "熟似"
},
{
"roman": "shúxī",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"roman": "shúrěn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "熟稔"
},
{
"roman": "shúshí",
"word": "熟識"
},
{
"roman": "shúshí",
"word": "熟识"
},
{
"roman": "lǐhuì",
"word": "理會"
},
{
"roman": "lǐhuì",
"word": "理会"
},
{
"roman": "lǐjiě",
"word": "理解"
},
{
"roman": "liǎowù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "瞭悟"
},
{
"roman": "liǎowù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "了悟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "知影"
},
{
"roman": "zhīxī",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "知悉"
},
{
"roman": "zhīxiǎo",
"word": "知曉"
},
{
"roman": "zhīxiǎo",
"word": "知晓"
},
{
"roman": "zhīshí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "知識"
},
{
"roman": "zhīshí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "知识"
},
{
"word": "知道"
},
{
"word": "覺"
},
{
"word": "觉"
},
{
"roman": "juéwù",
"word": "覺悟"
},
{
"roman": "juéwù",
"word": "觉悟"
},
{
"roman": "juéxǐng",
"word": "覺醒"
},
{
"roman": "juéxǐng",
"word": "觉醒"
},
{
"word": "認識"
},
{
"word": "认识"
},
{
"roman": "ānxiǎo",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "諳曉"
},
{
"roman": "ānxiǎo",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谙晓"
},
{
"roman": "āndá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "諳達"
},
{
"roman": "āndá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谙达"
},
{
"roman": "guàntōng",
"word": "貫通"
},
{
"roman": "guàntōng",
"word": "贯通"
},
{
"roman": "tōngxiǎo",
"word": "通曉"
},
{
"roman": "tōngxiǎo",
"word": "通晓"
},
{
"roman": "tōngjiě",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "通解"
},
{
"roman": "tōngdá",
"word": "通達"
},
{
"roman": "tōngdá",
"word": "通达"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "達"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "达"
},
{
"roman": "xǐngwù",
"word": "醒悟"
},
{
"roman": "kāiwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "開悟"
},
{
"roman": "kāiwù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "开悟"
},
{
"roman": "lǐngwù",
"word": "領悟"
},
{
"roman": "lǐngwù",
"word": "领悟"
},
{
"roman": "lǐnghuì",
"word": "領會"
},
{
"roman": "lǐnghuì",
"word": "领会"
},
{
"roman": "lǐnglüè",
"word": "領略"
},
{
"roman": "lǐnglüè",
"word": "领略"
}
],
"word": "懂"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"懂"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": "started on line 99, detected on line 114"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"懂"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": "started on line 99, detected on line 114"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"懂"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
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"section": "Chinese",
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"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"懂"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"懂"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"trace": ""
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"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "懂",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.