"憂鬱" meaning in Chinese

See 憂鬱 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /iu³³ ut̚⁵/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/, /jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/, /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/, /iu³³ ut̚⁵/, /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/, /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/, /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/ Chinese transliterations: yōuyù [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], jau¹ wat¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], iu-ut, yōuyù [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], youyù [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], yu¹-yü⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], yōu-yù [Mandarin, Yale, standard], iouyuh [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], ююй [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], jujuj [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], yāu wāt [Cantonese, Yale], jau¹ wat⁷ [Cantonese, Pinyin], yeo¹ wed¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], iu-ut [Hokkien, POJ], iu-ut [Hokkien, Tai-lo], iu'ud [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 憂鬱
  1. sad; depressed; melancholic; dejected Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-憂鬱-zh-adj-xeDWeeLb Disambiguation of Emotions: 55 45 Synonyms: 低沉 (dīchén), 低落 (dīluò), 冷館 [Hokkien, Xiamen], 冷馆 [Hokkien, Xiamen], 喪氣, 丧气, 壓抑 (yāyì), 压抑 (yāyì), 失望 (shīwàng), 失落 (shīluò), 寡歡 (guǎhuān), 寡欢 (guǎhuān), 幽鬱 (yōuyù) [archaic], 幽郁 (yōuyù) [archaic], 悒鬱 (yìyù) [literary], 悒郁 (yìyù) [literary], 悒鬱寡歡 (yìyùguǎhuān), 悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān), 愁悶 (chóumèn), 愁闷 (chóumèn), 憂悶 (yōumèn), 忧闷 (yōumèn), 慘沮 (cǎnjǔ) [literary], 惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) [literary], 憋悶, 憋闷, 懊喪 (àosàng), 懊丧 (àosàng), 抑鬱 (yìyù), 抑郁 (yìyù), 沉悶 (chénmèn), 沉闷 (chénmèn), 沉鬱 (chényù) [literary], 沉郁 (chényù) [literary], 沮喪 (jǔsàng), 沮丧 (jǔsàng), 消極 (xiāojí), 消极 (xiāojí), 消沉 (xiāochén), (huī) [in-compounds, literary], 灰心 (huīxīn), 灰心喪氣 (huīxīnsàngqì), 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì), 煩悶 (fánmèn), 烦闷 (fánmèn), 神傷 (shénshāng) [literary], 神伤 (shénshāng) [literary], 索寞 (suǒmò) (english: literary or Eastern Min), 苦悶 (kǔmèn), 苦闷 (kǔmèn), 萎靡, 陰暗 (yīn'àn), 阴暗 (yīn'àn), 陰沉 (yīnchén), 阴沉 (yīnchén), 頹唐 (tuítáng), 颓唐 (tuítáng), 頹喪 (tuísàng), 颓丧 (tuísàng), 頹廢 (tuífèi), 颓废 (tuífèi), 鬱悶 (yùmèn), 郁闷 (yùmèn), 鬱鬱 (yùyù) [literary], 郁郁 (yùyù) [literary], 鬱鬱不樂 (yùyùbùlè), 郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè), 鬱鬱寡歡 (yùyùguǎhuān), 郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān), 齪嘈 [Hokkien], 龊嘈 [Hokkien]

Noun

IPA: /joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /iu³³ ut̚⁵/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/, /jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/, /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/, /iu³³ ut̚⁵/, /iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/, /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/, /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/ Chinese transliterations: yōuyù [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], jau¹ wat¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], iu-ut, yōuyù [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], youyù [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], yu¹-yü⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], yōu-yù [Mandarin, Yale, standard], iouyuh [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], ююй [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], jujuj [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], yāu wāt [Cantonese, Yale], jau¹ wat⁷ [Cantonese, Pinyin], yeo¹ wed¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], iu-ut [Hokkien, POJ], iu-ut [Hokkien, Tai-lo], iu'ud [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 憂鬱
  1. (psychology) (~症, ~病) depression Categories (topical): Psychology, Emotions Derived forms: 憂鬱症 (yōuyùzhèng), 忧郁症 (yōuyùzhèng), 憂鬱的臺灣烏龜 (yōuyù de Táiwān wūguī), 忧郁的台湾乌龟 (yōuyù de Táiwān wūguī)
    Sense id: en-憂鬱-zh-noun-jAK1~MSe Disambiguation of Emotions: 55 45 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 37 63 Topics: human-sciences, psychology, sciences

Download JSON data for 憂鬱 meaning in Chinese (8.8kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "憂鬱",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "zh:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sad; depressed; melancholic; dejected"
      ],
      "id": "en-憂鬱-zh-adj-xeDWeeLb",
      "links": [
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ],
        [
          "melancholic",
          "melancholic"
        ],
        [
          "dejected",
          "dejected"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "dīchén",
          "word": "低沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dīluò",
          "word": "低落"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "冷館"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "冷馆"
        },
        {
          "word": "喪氣"
        },
        {
          "word": "丧气"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yāyì",
          "word": "壓抑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yāyì",
          "word": "压抑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shīwàng",
          "word": "失望"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shīluò",
          "word": "失落"
        },
        {
          "roman": "guǎhuān",
          "word": "寡歡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "guǎhuān",
          "word": "寡欢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "幽鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "幽郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悒鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悒郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "悒鬱寡歡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "悒郁寡欢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chóumèn",
          "word": "愁悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chóumèn",
          "word": "愁闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōumèn",
          "word": "憂悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōumèn",
          "word": "忧闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "慘沮"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "惨沮"
        },
        {
          "word": "憋悶"
        },
        {
          "word": "憋闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "àosàng",
          "word": "懊喪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "àosàng",
          "word": "懊丧"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "word": "抑鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "word": "抑郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chénmèn",
          "word": "沉悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chénmèn",
          "word": "沉闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chényù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "沉鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chényù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "沉郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǔsàng",
          "word": "沮喪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǔsàng",
          "word": "沮丧"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāojí",
          "word": "消極"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāojí",
          "word": "消极"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāochén",
          "word": "消沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huī",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "灰"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huīxīn",
          "word": "灰心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
          "word": "灰心喪氣"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
          "word": "灰心丧气"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fánmèn",
          "word": "煩悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fánmèn",
          "word": "烦闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shénshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "神傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shénshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "神伤"
        },
        {
          "english": "literary or Eastern Min",
          "roman": "suǒmò",
          "word": "索寞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kǔmèn",
          "word": "苦悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kǔmèn",
          "word": "苦闷"
        },
        {
          "word": "萎靡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīn'àn",
          "word": "陰暗"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīn'àn",
          "word": "阴暗"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīnchén",
          "word": "陰沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīnchén",
          "word": "阴沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuítáng",
          "word": "頹唐"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuítáng",
          "word": "颓唐"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuísàng",
          "word": "頹喪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuísàng",
          "word": "颓丧"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuífèi",
          "word": "頹廢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuífèi",
          "word": "颓废"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùmèn",
          "word": "鬱悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùmèn",
          "word": "郁闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "鬱鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "郁郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
          "word": "鬱鬱不樂"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
          "word": "郁郁不乐"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "郁郁寡欢"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "齪嘈"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "龊嘈"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "youyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yu¹-yü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōu-yù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iouyuh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ююй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jujuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yāu wāt"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat⁷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yeo¹ wed¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu'ud"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "憂鬱"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "憂鬱",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Psychology",
          "orig": "zh:Psychology",
          "parents": [
            "Social sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "zh:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "yōuyùzhèng",
          "word": "憂鬱症"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyùzhèng",
          "word": "忧郁症"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù de Táiwān wūguī",
          "word": "憂鬱的臺灣烏龜"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù de Táiwān wūguī",
          "word": "忧郁的台湾乌龟"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(~症, ~病) depression"
      ],
      "id": "en-憂鬱-zh-noun-jAK1~MSe",
      "links": [
        [
          "psychology",
          "psychology"
        ],
        [
          "~症",
          "憂鬱症#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "病",
          "病#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(psychology) (~症, ~病) depression"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "psychology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "youyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yu¹-yü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōu-yù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iouyuh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ююй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jujuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yāu wāt"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat⁷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yeo¹ wed¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu'ud"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "憂鬱"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Advanced Mandarin",
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "zh:Emotions"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "憂鬱",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sad; depressed; melancholic; dejected"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ],
        [
          "melancholic",
          "melancholic"
        ],
        [
          "dejected",
          "dejected"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "youyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yu¹-yü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōu-yù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iouyuh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ююй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jujuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yāu wāt"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat⁷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yeo¹ wed¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu'ud"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "dīchén",
      "word": "低沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dīluò",
      "word": "低落"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷館"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷馆"
    },
    {
      "word": "喪氣"
    },
    {
      "word": "丧气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "壓抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "压抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shīwàng",
      "word": "失望"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shīluò",
      "word": "失落"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡欢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "憂悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "忧闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "慘沮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惨沮"
    },
    {
      "word": "憋悶"
    },
    {
      "word": "憋闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāojí",
      "word": "消極"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāojí",
      "word": "消极"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāochén",
      "word": "消沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huī",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "灰"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīn",
      "word": "灰心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心喪氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心丧气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "煩悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "烦闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神伤"
    },
    {
      "english": "literary or Eastern Min",
      "roman": "suǒmò",
      "word": "索寞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔmèn",
      "word": "苦悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔmèn",
      "word": "苦闷"
    },
    {
      "word": "萎靡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "陰暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "阴暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "陰沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "阴沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "頹唐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "颓唐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "頹喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "颓丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "頹廢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "颓废"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "鬱悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "郁闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "鬱鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "郁郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "鬱鬱不樂"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "郁郁不乐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "郁郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "齪嘈"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "龊嘈"
    }
  ],
  "word": "憂鬱"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Advanced Mandarin",
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "zh:Emotions"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "yōuyùzhèng",
      "word": "憂鬱症"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyùzhèng",
      "word": "忧郁症"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù de Táiwān wūguī",
      "word": "憂鬱的臺灣烏龜"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù de Táiwān wūguī",
      "word": "忧郁的台湾乌龟"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "憂鬱",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "zh:Psychology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(~症, ~病) depression"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "psychology",
          "psychology"
        ],
        [
          "~症",
          "憂鬱症#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "病",
          "病#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(psychology) (~症, ~病) depression"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "psychology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōuyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄡ ㄩˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "youyù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yu¹-yü⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yōu-yù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iouyuh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ююй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jujuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yāu wāt"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jau¹ wat⁷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yeo¹ wed¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu-ut"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iu'ud"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/joʊ̯⁵⁵ y⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐu̯⁵⁵ wɐt̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu³³ ut̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻²² ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iu⁴⁴⁻³³ ut̚³²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "憂鬱"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "憂鬱"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "憂鬱",
  "trace": "started on line 22, detected on line 22"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
  "path": [
    "憂鬱"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "憂鬱",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "憂鬱"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "憂鬱",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "憂鬱"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "憂鬱",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "憂鬱"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "憂鬱",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.