"消極" meaning in Chinese

See 消極 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Quanzhou], /siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Xiamen], /siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Min-Nan, Taipei], /siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Zhangzhou], /siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/ [Min-Nan, Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/, /siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/, /siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/, /siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/, /siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/, /siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/, /siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/ Chinese transliterations: xiāojí [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], siu¹ gik⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], siau-kia̍k [Hokkien, Min-Nan, POJ], siau-ke̍k [Hokkien, Min-Nan, POJ], siao¹ gêg⁸ [Min-Nan, Peng'im, Teochew], xiāojí [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], siaojí [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], hsiao¹-chi² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], syāu-jí [Mandarin, Yale, standard], shiaujyi [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], сяоцзи [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], sjaoczi [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], sīu gihk [Cantonese, Yale], siu¹ gik⁹ [Cantonese, Pinyin], xiu¹ gig⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], siau-kia̍k [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Tai-lo], siau'kiak [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Phofsit-Daibuun], siau-ki̍k [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Tai-lo], siau'kek [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Phofsit-Daibuun], siau ke̍k [Min-Nan, POJ, Teochew] Forms: 消极
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 消極
  1. negative; bad
    Sense id: en-消極-zh-adj-HBMOZkjz
  2. passive; depressed; downcast; dejected
    Sense id: en-消極-zh-adj-PsABv9-7 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Intermediate Mandarin, Emotions Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 24 76 Disambiguation of Intermediate Mandarin: 39 61 Disambiguation of Emotions: 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 反面 (fǎnmiàn) [negative], 低沉 (dīchén), 低落 (dīluò), 冷館 [Hokkien, Xiamen], 冷馆 [Hokkien, Xiamen], 喪氣, 丧气, 壓抑 (yāyì), 压抑 (yāyì), 失望 (shīwàng), 失落 (shīluò), 寡歡 (guǎhuān), 寡欢 (guǎhuān), 幽鬱 (yōuyù) [archaic], 幽郁 (yōuyù) [archaic], 悒鬱 (yìyù) [literary], 悒郁 (yìyù) [literary], 悒鬱寡歡 (yìyùguǎhuān), 悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān), 愁悶 (chóumèn), 愁闷 (chóumèn), 憂悶 (yōumèn), 忧闷 (yōumèn), 慘沮 (cǎnjǔ) [literary], 惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) [literary], 憂鬱 (yōuyù), 忧郁 (yōuyù), 憋悶, 憋闷, 懊喪 (àosàng), 懊丧 (àosàng), 抑鬱 (yìyù), 抑郁 (yìyù), 沉悶 (chénmèn), 沉闷 (chénmèn), 沉抑 (chényì), 沉鬱 (chényù) [literary], 沉郁 (chényù) [literary], 沮喪 (jǔsàng), 沮丧 (jǔsàng), 消沉 (xiāochén), (huī) [in-compounds, literary], 灰心 (huīxīn), 灰心喪氣 (huīxīnsàngqì), 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì), 煩悶 (fánmèn), 烦闷 (fánmèn), 神傷 (shénshāng) [literary], 神伤 (shénshāng) [literary], 索寞 (suǒmò) [Eastern, Min, literary], 苦悶 (kǔmèn), 苦闷 (kǔmèn), 萎靡, 陰暗 (yīn'àn), 阴暗 (yīn'àn), 陰沉 (yīnchén), 阴沉 (yīnchén), 頹唐 (tuítáng), 颓唐 (tuítáng), 頹喪 (tuísàng), 颓丧 (tuísàng), 頹廢 (tuífèi), 颓废 (tuífèi), 鬱悶 (yùmèn), 郁闷 (yùmèn), 鬱鬱 (yùyù) [literary], 郁郁 (yùyù) [literary], 鬱鬱不樂 (yùyùbùlè), 郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè), 鬱鬱寡歡 (yùyùguǎhuān), 郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān), 齪嘈 [Hokkien], 龊嘈 [Hokkien]
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jījí",
      "word": "積極"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jījí",
      "word": "积极"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "消极",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "消極",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "negative; bad"
      ],
      "id": "en-消極-zh-adj-HBMOZkjz",
      "links": [
        [
          "negative",
          "negative"
        ],
        [
          "bad",
          "bad"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "zh:Emotions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "passive; depressed; downcast; dejected"
      ],
      "id": "en-消極-zh-adj-PsABv9-7",
      "links": [
        [
          "passive",
          "passive"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ],
        [
          "downcast",
          "downcast"
        ],
        [
          "dejected",
          "dejected"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiāojí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-ke̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siao¹ gêg⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiāojí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siaojí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hsiao¹-chi²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "syāu-jí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "shiaujyi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "сяоцзи"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sjaoczi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sīu gihk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiu¹ gig⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau'kiak"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-ki̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau'kek"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau ke̍k"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "fǎnmiàn",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ],
      "word": "反面"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "dīchén",
      "word": "低沉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "dīluò",
      "word": "低落"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷館"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷馆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "喪氣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "丧气"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "壓抑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "压抑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "shīwàng",
      "word": "失望"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "shīluò",
      "word": "失落"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡歡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡欢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽鬱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽郁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒鬱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒郁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁悶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁闷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "憂悶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "忧闷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "慘沮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惨沮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "word": "憂鬱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "word": "忧郁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "憋悶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "憋闷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊喪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊丧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑鬱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑郁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉悶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉闷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chényì",
      "word": "沉抑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉鬱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉郁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮喪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮丧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "xiāochén",
      "word": "消沉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "huī",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "灰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "huīxīn",
      "word": "灰心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心喪氣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心丧气"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "煩悶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "烦闷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神傷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神伤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "suǒmò",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern",
        "Min",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "索寞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kǔmèn",
      "word": "苦悶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kǔmèn",
      "word": "苦闷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "萎靡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "陰暗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "阴暗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "陰沉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "阴沉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "頹唐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "颓唐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "頹喪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "颓丧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "頹廢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "颓废"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "鬱悶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "郁闷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "鬱鬱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "郁郁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "鬱鬱不樂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "郁郁不乐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "郁郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "齪嘈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "龊嘈"
    }
  ],
  "word": "消極"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jījí",
      "word": "積極"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jījí",
      "word": "积极"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 極",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 消",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Intermediate Mandarin",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "zh:Emotions"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "消极",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "消極",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "negative; bad"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "negative",
          "negative"
        ],
        [
          "bad",
          "bad"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "passive; depressed; downcast; dejected"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "passive",
          "passive"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ],
        [
          "downcast",
          "downcast"
        ],
        [
          "dejected",
          "dejected"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiāojí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-ke̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siao¹ gêg⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiāojí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siaojí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hsiao¹-chi²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "syāu-jí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "shiaujyi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "сяоцзи"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sjaoczi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sīu gihk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiu¹ gig⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau'kiak"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau-ki̍k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau'kek"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siau ke̍k"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "fǎnmiàn",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ],
      "word": "反面"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dīchén",
      "word": "低沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dīluò",
      "word": "低落"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷館"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷馆"
    },
    {
      "word": "喪氣"
    },
    {
      "word": "丧气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "壓抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "压抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shīwàng",
      "word": "失望"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shīluò",
      "word": "失落"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡欢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "憂悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "忧闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "慘沮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惨沮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "word": "憂鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "word": "忧郁"
    },
    {
      "word": "憋悶"
    },
    {
      "word": "憋闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chényì",
      "word": "沉抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāochén",
      "word": "消沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huī",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "灰"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīn",
      "word": "灰心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心喪氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心丧气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "煩悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "烦闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "suǒmò",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern",
        "Min",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "索寞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔmèn",
      "word": "苦悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔmèn",
      "word": "苦闷"
    },
    {
      "word": "萎靡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "陰暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "阴暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "陰沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "阴沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "頹唐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "颓唐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "頹喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "颓丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "頹廢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "颓废"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "鬱悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "郁闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "鬱鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "郁郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "鬱鬱不樂"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "郁郁不乐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "郁郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "齪嘈"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "龊嘈"
    }
  ],
  "word": "消極"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 消極 meaning in Chinese (6.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "消極"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "消極",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E6%B2%AE%E5%96%AA'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "消極"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "消極",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (8b3c49c and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.