See 消極 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 消極 meaning in All languages combined (17.7kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "jījí",
"word": "積極"
},
{
"roman": "jījí",
"word": "积极"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "消極",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"negative; bad"
],
"id": "en-消極-zh-adj-HBMOZkjz",
"links": [
[
"negative",
"negative"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "zh:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"passive; depressed; downcast; dejected"
],
"id": "en-消極-zh-adj-PsABv9-7",
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive"
],
[
"depressed",
"depressed"
],
[
"downcast",
"downcast"
],
[
"dejected",
"dejected"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāojí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-ke̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siao¹ gêg⁸"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāojí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siaojí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsiao¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syāu-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiaujyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяоцзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaoczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sīu gihk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "xiu¹ gig⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siau'kiak"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-ki̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siau'kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siau ke̍k"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fǎnmiàn",
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "反面"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dīchén",
"word": "低沉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dīluò",
"word": "低落"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "冷館"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "冷馆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "喪氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "丧气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yāyì",
"word": "壓抑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yāyì",
"word": "压抑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shīwàng",
"word": "失望"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shīluò",
"word": "失落"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "guǎhuān",
"word": "寡歡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "guǎhuān",
"word": "寡欢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yōuyù",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "幽鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yōuyù",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "幽郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "悒鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "悒郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
"word": "悒鬱寡歡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
"word": "悒郁寡欢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chóumèn",
"word": "愁悶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chóumèn",
"word": "愁闷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yōumèn",
"word": "憂悶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yōumèn",
"word": "忧闷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cǎnjǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "慘沮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cǎnjǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "惨沮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yōuyù",
"word": "憂鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yōuyù",
"word": "忧郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "憋悶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "憋闷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "àosàng",
"word": "懊喪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "àosàng",
"word": "懊丧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìyù",
"word": "抑鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìyù",
"word": "抑郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chénmèn",
"word": "沉悶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chénmèn",
"word": "沉闷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chényù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沉鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chényù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沉郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jǔsàng",
"word": "沮喪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jǔsàng",
"word": "沮丧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiāochén",
"word": "消沉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "huī",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "灰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "huīxīn",
"word": "灰心"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
"word": "灰心喪氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
"word": "灰心丧气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fánmèn",
"word": "煩悶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fánmèn",
"word": "烦闷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shénshāng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "神傷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shénshāng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "神伤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "literary or Eastern Min",
"roman": "suǒmò",
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔmèn",
"word": "苦悶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǔmèn",
"word": "苦闷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "萎靡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yīn'àn",
"word": "陰暗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yīn'àn",
"word": "阴暗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yīnchén",
"word": "陰沉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yīnchén",
"word": "阴沉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tuítáng",
"word": "頹唐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tuítáng",
"word": "颓唐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tuísàng",
"word": "頹喪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tuísàng",
"word": "颓丧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tuífèi",
"word": "頹廢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tuífèi",
"word": "颓废"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùmèn",
"word": "鬱悶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùmèn",
"word": "郁闷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "鬱鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "郁郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùyùbùlè",
"word": "鬱鬱不樂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùyùbùlè",
"word": "郁郁不乐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
"word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
"word": "郁郁寡欢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "齪嘈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "龊嘈"
}
],
"word": "消極"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "sekkyoku",
"ruby": [
[
"積極",
"せっきょく"
]
],
"word": "積極"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "消極",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "seukyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "消極な",
"roman": "shōkyoku na",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "消極に",
"roman": "shōkyoku ni",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "消極で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "消極なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "消極であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "消極なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "消極に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "消極さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyokusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうきょく",
"hhira": "せうきよく",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "消(しょう)極(きょく) • (shōkyoku) ^(←せうきよく (seukyoku)?)-na (adnominal 消(しょう)極(きょく)な (shōkyoku na), adverbial 消(しょう)極(きょく)に (shōkyoku ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "しょうきょく",
"lemma": "消極",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "shōkyokuteki",
"ruby": [
[
"消極的",
"しょうきょくてき"
]
],
"word": "消極的"
}
],
"glosses": [
"passive, reluctant to pursue one's own goals or express one's own views"
],
"id": "en-消極-ja-adj-N3Mre9bA",
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょーきょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ːkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "消極"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "消極",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "seukyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "せうきよく",
"roman": "seukyoku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうきょく",
"hhira": "せうきよく"
},
"expansion": "消(しょう)極(きょく) • (shōkyoku) ^(←せうきよく (seukyoku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"passivity"
],
"id": "en-消極-ja-noun-MKOZRypJ",
"links": [
[
"passivity",
"passivity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょーきょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ːkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "消極"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "jījí",
"word": "積極"
},
{
"roman": "jījí",
"word": "积极"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "消極",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"negative; bad"
],
"links": [
[
"negative",
"negative"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"passive; depressed; downcast; dejected"
],
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive"
],
[
"depressed",
"depressed"
],
[
"downcast",
"downcast"
],
[
"dejected",
"dejected"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāojí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-ke̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siao¹ gêg⁸"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāojí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siaojí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsiao¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syāu-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiaujyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяоцзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaoczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sīu gihk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siu¹ gik⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "xiu¹ gig⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-kia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siau'kiak"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "siau-ki̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siau'kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siau ke̍k"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siːu̯⁵⁵ kɪk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³ kiak̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siau³³⁻²³ kek̚⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "fǎnmiàn",
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "反面"
},
{
"roman": "dīchén",
"word": "低沉"
},
{
"roman": "dīluò",
"word": "低落"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "冷館"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "冷馆"
},
{
"word": "喪氣"
},
{
"word": "丧气"
},
{
"roman": "yāyì",
"word": "壓抑"
},
{
"roman": "yāyì",
"word": "压抑"
},
{
"roman": "shīwàng",
"word": "失望"
},
{
"roman": "shīluò",
"word": "失落"
},
{
"roman": "guǎhuān",
"word": "寡歡"
},
{
"roman": "guǎhuān",
"word": "寡欢"
},
{
"roman": "yōuyù",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "幽鬱"
},
{
"roman": "yōuyù",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "幽郁"
},
{
"roman": "yìyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "悒鬱"
},
{
"roman": "yìyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "悒郁"
},
{
"roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
"word": "悒鬱寡歡"
},
{
"roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
"word": "悒郁寡欢"
},
{
"roman": "chóumèn",
"word": "愁悶"
},
{
"roman": "chóumèn",
"word": "愁闷"
},
{
"roman": "yōumèn",
"word": "憂悶"
},
{
"roman": "yōumèn",
"word": "忧闷"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "慘沮"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjǔ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "惨沮"
},
{
"roman": "yōuyù",
"word": "憂鬱"
},
{
"roman": "yōuyù",
"word": "忧郁"
},
{
"word": "憋悶"
},
{
"word": "憋闷"
},
{
"roman": "àosàng",
"word": "懊喪"
},
{
"roman": "àosàng",
"word": "懊丧"
},
{
"roman": "yìyù",
"word": "抑鬱"
},
{
"roman": "yìyù",
"word": "抑郁"
},
{
"roman": "chénmèn",
"word": "沉悶"
},
{
"roman": "chénmèn",
"word": "沉闷"
},
{
"roman": "chényù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沉鬱"
},
{
"roman": "chényù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沉郁"
},
{
"roman": "jǔsàng",
"word": "沮喪"
},
{
"roman": "jǔsàng",
"word": "沮丧"
},
{
"roman": "xiāochén",
"word": "消沉"
},
{
"roman": "huī",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "灰"
},
{
"roman": "huīxīn",
"word": "灰心"
},
{
"roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
"word": "灰心喪氣"
},
{
"roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
"word": "灰心丧气"
},
{
"roman": "fánmèn",
"word": "煩悶"
},
{
"roman": "fánmèn",
"word": "烦闷"
},
{
"roman": "shénshāng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "神傷"
},
{
"roman": "shénshāng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "神伤"
},
{
"english": "literary or Eastern Min",
"roman": "suǒmò",
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"roman": "kǔmèn",
"word": "苦悶"
},
{
"roman": "kǔmèn",
"word": "苦闷"
},
{
"word": "萎靡"
},
{
"roman": "yīn'àn",
"word": "陰暗"
},
{
"roman": "yīn'àn",
"word": "阴暗"
},
{
"roman": "yīnchén",
"word": "陰沉"
},
{
"roman": "yīnchén",
"word": "阴沉"
},
{
"roman": "tuítáng",
"word": "頹唐"
},
{
"roman": "tuítáng",
"word": "颓唐"
},
{
"roman": "tuísàng",
"word": "頹喪"
},
{
"roman": "tuísàng",
"word": "颓丧"
},
{
"roman": "tuífèi",
"word": "頹廢"
},
{
"roman": "tuífèi",
"word": "颓废"
},
{
"roman": "yùmèn",
"word": "鬱悶"
},
{
"roman": "yùmèn",
"word": "郁闷"
},
{
"roman": "yùyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "鬱鬱"
},
{
"roman": "yùyù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "郁郁"
},
{
"roman": "yùyùbùlè",
"word": "鬱鬱不樂"
},
{
"roman": "yùyùbùlè",
"word": "郁郁不乐"
},
{
"roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
"word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
},
{
"roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
"word": "郁郁寡欢"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "齪嘈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "龊嘈"
}
],
"word": "消極"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "sekkyoku",
"ruby": [
[
"積極",
"せっきょく"
]
],
"word": "積極"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "shōkyokuteki",
"ruby": [
[
"消極的",
"しょうきょくてき"
]
],
"word": "消極的"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "消極",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "seukyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "消極な",
"roman": "shōkyoku na",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "消極に",
"roman": "shōkyoku ni",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "消極で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "消極なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "消極であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "消極でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "消極なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "消極だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "消極に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "消極さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうきょくさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyokusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうきょく",
"hhira": "せうきよく",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "消(しょう)極(きょく) • (shōkyoku) ^(←せうきよく (seukyoku)?)-na (adnominal 消(しょう)極(きょく)な (shōkyoku na), adverbial 消(しょう)極(きょく)に (shōkyoku ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "しょうきょく",
"lemma": "消極",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"passive, reluctant to pursue one's own goals or express one's own views"
],
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょーきょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ːkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "消極"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "消極",
"ruby": [
[
"消",
"しょう"
],
[
"極",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōkyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "seukyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "せうきよく",
"roman": "seukyoku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうきょく",
"hhira": "せうきよく"
},
"expansion": "消(しょう)極(きょく) • (shōkyoku) ^(←せうきよく (seukyoku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"passivity"
],
"links": [
[
"passivity",
"passivity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょーきょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ːkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "消極"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.