See zich on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for zich meaning in All languages combined (23.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "sich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sich",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "goh",
"3": "sih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sih",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sich"
},
"expansion": "German sich",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-West Germanic *sik, from Proto-Germanic *sek, cognate with German sich.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "reflexive pronouns"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 38 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cimbrian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cimbrian reflexive pronouns",
"parents": [
"Reflexive pronouns",
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sette Comuni Cimbrian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Third-person reflexive pronoun: herself, himself, itself, themselves"
],
"id": "en-zich-cim-pron-CnBuoV8O",
"links": [
[
"herself",
"herself"
],
[
"himself",
"himself"
],
[
"itself",
"itself"
],
[
"themselves",
"themselves"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zich"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ich"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mich"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "miar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "du"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dich"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "diar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "iart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "òich"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "èar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "en"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "iime"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ze"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "iar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "es"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "is"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "'s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bandare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "izàndarn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "iartàndare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "artàndare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ogàndarn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zòi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zandare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "innàndarn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 38 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sette Comuni Cimbrian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "them",
"word": "ze"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative of ze: them"
],
"id": "en-zich-cim-pron-UU1eXzzS",
"links": [
[
"ze",
"ze#Cimbrian"
],
[
"them",
"them"
]
],
"tags": [
"Sette-Comuni",
"accusative",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 38 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sette Comuni Cimbrian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "us",
"word": "bar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative of bar: us"
],
"id": "en-zich-cim-pron-H5eJZnx6",
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar#Cimbrian"
],
[
"us",
"us"
]
],
"tags": [
"Sette-Comuni",
"accusative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "zich"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "also: Category:Dutch reflexive verbs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "op zich"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "voor zich"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "zichzelf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "sich"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sich",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "sich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sich",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "sih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sih",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sik",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "selven"
},
"expansion": "selven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "himself"
},
"expansion": "himself",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "ich",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "mich"
},
"expansion": "mich",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "dich"
},
"expansion": "dich",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "zich"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch sich, from Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-West Germanic *sik, from Proto-Germanic *sek. Old Dutch did not have a reflexive pronoun (only rarely in early Limburgish texts), but used the normal accusative pronoun (if necessary intensified by selven, cf. English himself). Although the use of zich in Holland-based Dutch was clearly triggered by written German, this development was assisted by the fact that the south-eastern dialects of Dutch had already adopted certain High German pronoun forms in much earlier times (cf. Limburgish ich, mich, dich, zich).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-personal pronouns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "'k",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "m'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "mijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haars",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "onzer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "onzes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jullie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hunne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hunner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pronouns"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"zich"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nl-decl-personal pronouns"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 30 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He washes himself.",
"text": "Hij wast zich."
},
{
"english": "He washes his face.",
"text": "Hij wast zich het gezicht."
},
{
"english": "Every man for himself.",
"text": "Ieder voor zich."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Third person singular and plural reflexive pronoun; himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself"
],
"id": "en-zich-nl-pron-IxHCEIAy",
"links": [
[
"himself",
"himself"
],
[
"herself",
"herself"
],
[
"itself",
"itself"
],
[
"themselves",
"themselves"
],
[
"oneself",
"oneself"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, reflexive) Third person singular and plural reflexive pronoun; himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 30 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Did you hit yourself in the dark?",
"text": "Sloeg u zich in het donker?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You can shave here.",
"text": "U kunt zich hier scheren.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Aren't you mistaken?",
"text": "Vergist u zich niet?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Second person singular and plural formal reflexive pronoun; yourself, yourselves"
],
"id": "en-zich-nl-pron-zvnoNMxn",
"links": [
[
"yourself",
"yourself"
],
[
"yourselves",
"yourselves"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, formal, reflexive) Second person singular and plural formal reflexive pronoun; yourself, yourselves"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"formal",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 22 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 30 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He fell and this resulted in an accident.",
"text": "Hij viel zich een ongeluk"
},
{
"english": "He laughed so severely that it left him a hunchback.",
"text": "Hij lachte zich een bult"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expresses an unintended result with many otherwise non-reflexive and ergative verbs"
],
"id": "en-zich-nl-pron-CmOQB10Y"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zɪx/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪx"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-zich.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Nl-zich.ogg/Nl-zich.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Nl-zich.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:zich"
],
"word": "zich"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Cimbrian lemmas",
"Cimbrian non-lemma forms",
"Cimbrian pronoun forms",
"Cimbrian pronouns",
"Cimbrian reflexive pronouns",
"Cimbrian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Cimbrian terms derived from Old High German",
"Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Cimbrian terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Cimbrian terms inherited from Old High German",
"Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Sette Comuni Cimbrian"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "sich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sich",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "goh",
"3": "sih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sih",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sich"
},
"expansion": "German sich",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-West Germanic *sik, from Proto-Germanic *sek, cognate with German sich.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "reflexive pronouns"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Third-person reflexive pronoun: herself, himself, itself, themselves"
],
"links": [
[
"herself",
"herself"
],
[
"himself",
"himself"
],
[
"itself",
"itself"
],
[
"themselves",
"themselves"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zich"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Cimbrian non-lemma forms",
"Cimbrian pronoun forms",
"Sette Comuni Cimbrian"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "ich"
},
{
"word": "mich"
},
{
"word": "miar"
},
{
"word": "du"
},
{
"word": "dich"
},
{
"word": "diar"
},
{
"word": "iart"
},
{
"word": "ach"
},
{
"word": "òich"
},
{
"word": "èar"
},
{
"word": "ar"
},
{
"word": "in"
},
{
"word": "en"
},
{
"word": "iime"
},
{
"word": "zi"
},
{
"word": "ze"
},
{
"word": "iar"
},
{
"word": "es"
},
{
"word": "is"
},
{
"word": "'s"
},
{
"word": "bar"
},
{
"word": "bandare"
},
{
"word": "izàndarn"
},
{
"word": "iartàndare"
},
{
"word": "artàndare"
},
{
"word": "ogàndarn"
},
{
"word": "zòi"
},
{
"word": "zandare"
},
{
"word": "innàndarn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "them",
"word": "ze"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative of ze: them"
],
"links": [
[
"ze",
"ze#Cimbrian"
],
[
"them",
"them"
]
],
"tags": [
"Sette-Comuni",
"accusative",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "us",
"word": "bar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative of bar: us"
],
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar#Cimbrian"
],
[
"us",
"us"
]
],
"tags": [
"Sette-Comuni",
"accusative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "zich"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch pronouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle High German",
"Dutch terms derived from Old High German",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪx",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪx/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "also: Category:Dutch reflexive verbs"
},
{
"word": "op zich"
},
{
"word": "voor zich"
},
{
"word": "zichzelf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "sich"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sich",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "sich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sich",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "sih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sih",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sik",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "selven"
},
"expansion": "selven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "himself"
},
"expansion": "himself",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "ich",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "mich"
},
"expansion": "mich",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "dich"
},
"expansion": "dich",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "zich"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch sich, from Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-West Germanic *sik, from Proto-Germanic *sek. Old Dutch did not have a reflexive pronoun (only rarely in early Limburgish texts), but used the normal accusative pronoun (if necessary intensified by selven, cf. English himself). Although the use of zich in Holland-based Dutch was clearly triggered by written German, this development was assisted by the fact that the south-eastern dialects of Dutch had already adopted certain High German pronoun forms in much earlier times (cf. Limburgish ich, mich, dich, zich).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-personal pronouns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "'k",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "m'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "mijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haars",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "onzer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "onzes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jullie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hunne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hunner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pronouns"
},
"expansion": "zich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"zich"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nl-decl-personal pronouns"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch reflexive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He washes himself.",
"text": "Hij wast zich."
},
{
"english": "He washes his face.",
"text": "Hij wast zich het gezicht."
},
{
"english": "Every man for himself.",
"text": "Ieder voor zich."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Third person singular and plural reflexive pronoun; himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself"
],
"links": [
[
"himself",
"himself"
],
[
"herself",
"herself"
],
[
"itself",
"itself"
],
[
"themselves",
"themselves"
],
[
"oneself",
"oneself"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, reflexive) Third person singular and plural reflexive pronoun; himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch formal terms",
"Dutch reflexive verbs",
"Dutch terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Did you hit yourself in the dark?",
"text": "Sloeg u zich in het donker?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You can shave here.",
"text": "U kunt zich hier scheren.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Aren't you mistaken?",
"text": "Vergist u zich niet?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Second person singular and plural formal reflexive pronoun; yourself, yourselves"
],
"links": [
[
"yourself",
"yourself"
],
[
"yourselves",
"yourselves"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, formal, reflexive) Second person singular and plural formal reflexive pronoun; yourself, yourselves"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"formal",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "He fell and this resulted in an accident.",
"text": "Hij viel zich een ongeluk"
},
{
"english": "He laughed so severely that it left him a hunchback.",
"text": "Hij lachte zich een bult"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expresses an unintended result with many otherwise non-reflexive and ergative verbs"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zɪx/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪx"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-zich.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Nl-zich.ogg/Nl-zich.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Nl-zich.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:zich"
],
"word": "zich"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 1st person",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 2nd person",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 2nd person archaic or regiolectal",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
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"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 2nd person formal",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 3rd person masculine",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 3rd person feminine",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 3rd person neuter",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 1st person",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 2nd person",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 2nd person archaic or regiolectal",
"path": [
"zich"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 2nd person formal",
"path": [
"zich"
],
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}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 3rd person",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zich",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.