"valence" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ambivalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bivalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "equivalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hexavalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "monovalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "multivalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pentavalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "polyvalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "primary valence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "quadrivalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "secondary valence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "social valence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "tetravalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trivalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "valence band"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "valence bond"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "valence electron"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "valence isomer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "valence issue"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "valence shell"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q171407"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 1.1",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂welh₁-",
        "id": "rule"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q171407",
        "uc": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Sense 1.1",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q3113318"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 3",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "Valenz"
      },
      "expansion": "German Valenz",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-ence",
        "pos": "suffix meaning ‘having the condition or state of’"
      },
      "expansion": "-ence (suffix meaning ‘having the condition or state of’)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Valenz"
      },
      "expansion": "Valenz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "clipping"
      },
      "expansion": "clipping",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Quantivalenz",
        "t": "(archaic) valence in chemistry"
      },
      "expansion": "Quantivalenz (“(archaic) valence in chemistry”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "quantivalence"
      },
      "expansion": "quantivalence",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "quantus",
        "t": "how much"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin quantus (“how much”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "interfix"
      },
      "expansion": "interfix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "morpheme"
      },
      "expansion": "morpheme",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-i-",
        "pos": "interfix inserted between morphemes of Latin origin for ease of pronunciation"
      },
      "expansion": "-i- (interfix inserted between morphemes of Latin origin for ease of pronunciation)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "valentia",
        "t": "bodily strength; health; vigour"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin valentia (“bodily strength; health; vigour”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "valence",
        "t": "medicinal preparation made from plants"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English valence (“medicinal preparation made from plants”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂welh₁-",
        "t": "to rule; powerful, strong"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule; powerful, strong”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Quantivalence"
      },
      "expansion": "Quantivalence",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "coined"
      },
      "expansion": "coined",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Quantivalenz"
      },
      "expansion": "Quantivalenz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "value"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of value",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q1412952",
        "uc": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sense 1.1 (“combining capacity of an atom”) and sense 3 (“one-dimensional value assigned by a person to an object, situation, or state”) are borrowed from German Valenz + English -ence (suffix meaning ‘having the condition or state of’). Valenz is a clipping of Quantivalenz (“(archaic) valence in chemistry”), from English quantivalence, from Latin quantus (“how much”) + English -i- (interfix inserted between morphemes of Latin origin for ease of pronunciation) + Latin valentia (“bodily strength; health; vigour”) (whence Late Middle English valence (“medicinal preparation made from plants”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule; powerful, strong”)). Quantivalence was coined by F. O. Ward who communicated it to the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818–1892), leading him to coin the German word Quantivalenz. Doublet of value.\nSense 2 (“number of arguments a verb can have”) was formed by analogy to the use of the word in chemistry: see above.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "valences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "valence (countable and uncountable, plural valences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "val‧ence"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "quantivalence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "valent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-valent"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Chemistry",
          "orig": "en:Chemistry",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 17 15 19 22 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 15 24 26 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical determined by the number of atoms of hydrogen with which it will unite, or the number of electrons that it will gain, lose, or share when it combines with other atoms, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-en-noun-en:Q171407",
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "combining",
          "combining#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "capacity",
          "capacity"
        ],
        [
          "atom",
          "atom"
        ],
        [
          "functional group",
          "functional group"
        ],
        [
          "radical",
          "radical#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "determine",
          "determine"
        ],
        [
          "number",
          "number#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "hydrogen",
          "hydrogen"
        ],
        [
          "unite",
          "unite#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "electron",
          "electron"
        ],
        [
          "gain",
          "gain#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "lose",
          "lose#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "share",
          "share#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "combines",
          "combine#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, chemistry)",
        "The combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical determined by the number of atoms of hydrogen with which it will unite, or the number of electrons that it will gain, lose, or share when it combines with other atoms, etc."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q171407"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "atomicity"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "quantivalence"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "quantivalency"
        },
        {
          "word": "valency"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valensie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valenca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "takāfuʔ",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "تكافؤ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "valentakanutʻyun",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "վալենտականություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valentlik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "valentlıq",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "валентлыҡ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "balentzia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "valjéntnascʹ",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "вале́нтнасць"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "jōjoni",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "যোজনী"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "valentnost",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "валентност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valència"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "原子價"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "roman": "goân-chú-kà",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "原子价"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "化合價"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "huàhéjià",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "化合价"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "cv",
          "lang": "Chuvash",
          "roman": "valéntlăh",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "вале́нтлӑх"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valentie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valents"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valenssi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "valenṭoba",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "ვალენტობა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Valenz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Wertigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "sthénos",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "σθένος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "erkiyūt",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "עֶרְכִּיוּת"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "sañyojaktā",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "संयोजकता"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "vegyérték"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "eingildi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valenco"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valensi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fiús"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valenza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "alt": "げんしか",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "genshika",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "原子価"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "kab",
          "lang": "Kabyle",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "tugdut"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "valenttılık",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "валенттілік"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "vaalɑng",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "វ៉ាឡង់"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "alt": "原子價",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "wonjaga",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "원자가"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "vērtība"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valentingumas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "valéntnost",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "saiyujā",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "संयुजा"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "frr",
          "lang": "North Frisian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "walens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "ظرفیت شیمیایی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "wartościowość"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "sãyojkatā",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "ਸੰਯੋਜਕਤਾ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valență"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "valenca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "valencije"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valenca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valensi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "valens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "balensiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "valent",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "валент"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "zarfiyat",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "зарфият"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ta",
          "lang": "Tamil",
          "roman": "iṇaitiṟaṉ",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "இணைதிறன்"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "bāhubalaṁ",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "బాహుబలం"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "เวเลนซ์"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "değerlik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтність"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "ظرف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "valentlik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "word": "hóa trị"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 8 5 3 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "falens"
        }
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q171407"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Chemistry",
          "orig": "en:Chemistry",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 17 15 19 22 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 15 24 26 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The number of binding sites of a molecule, such as an antibody or antigen."
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-en-noun-NuVpAiQz",
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "binding",
          "binding#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "sites",
          "site#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "molecule",
          "molecule"
        ],
        [
          "antibody",
          "antibody"
        ],
        [
          "antigen",
          "antigen"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, chemistry)",
        "The number of binding sites of a molecule, such as an antibody or antigen."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "valencija",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "валенция"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "化合價"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "huàhéjià",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "化合价"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jiè",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "价"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yuánzǐjià",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "原子价"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "mocenství"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "singular"
          ],
          "word": "valento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "valenssi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "valenṭoba",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "ვალენტობა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Valenz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "valenttılık",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "валенттілік"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "valéncija",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нција"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "valéntnost",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "wartościowość"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valență"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "word": "kalwing"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 69 10 3 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
          "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтність"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "en:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 17 15 19 22 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 15 24 26 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "In this assignment you will analyze each of the following sentences and determine the valence of the highlighted verb.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The number of arguments that a verb can have, including its subject, ranging from zero to three or, less commonly, four."
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-en-noun-en:Q1412952",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "arguments",
          "argument#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "verb",
          "verb#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "ranging",
          "range#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "zero",
          "zero#Numeral"
        ],
        [
          "three",
          "three"
        ],
        [
          "less",
          "less#Determiner"
        ],
        [
          "commonly",
          "commonly"
        ],
        [
          "four",
          "four"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, linguistics) The number of arguments that a verb can have, including its subject, ranging from zero to three or, less commonly, four."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "ambitransitivity"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "ditransitivity"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "intransitivity"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "transitivity"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q1412952"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "valency"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "taʕalluq",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "تَعَلُّق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valència"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "配價"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "pèijià",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "配价"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valentie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "valento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "valents"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "valenssi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "valenṭoba",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "ვალენტობა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Valenz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "sthénos",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "σθένος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valenza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "valenttılık",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "валенттілік"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valentia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "valéncija",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нција"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "ablid chianglee"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "valens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "valens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "ta'alloq",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "تعلق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "walencja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valență"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "вале́нтность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "diátesis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "valens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 11 74 4 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
          "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
          "word": "вале́нтність"
        }
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q1412952"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Psychology",
          "orig": "en:Psychology",
          "parents": [
            "Social sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 17 15 19 22 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 15 24 26 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "anger and fear have negative valence",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A one-dimensional value assigned by a person to an object, situation, or state, that can usually be positive (causing a feeling of attraction) or negative (repulsion)."
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-en-noun-en:Q3113318",
      "links": [
        [
          "psychology",
          "psychology"
        ],
        [
          "one-dimensional",
          "one-dimensional"
        ],
        [
          "value",
          "value#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "assigned",
          "assign#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "situation",
          "situation"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "positive",
          "positive#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "causing",
          "cause#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "attraction",
          "attraction"
        ],
        [
          "negative",
          "negative"
        ],
        [
          "repulsion",
          "repulsion"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, especially psychology) A one-dimensional value assigned by a person to an object, situation, or state, that can usually be positive (causing a feeling of attraction) or negative (repulsion)."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q3113318"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "especially",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "psychology",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "takāfuʔ",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "تكافؤ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "valentnost",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "word": "валентност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "word": "valents"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "word": "valenssi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "word": "tunnearvo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Valenz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Wertigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "alt": "かんじょうか",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kanjōka",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "word": "感情価"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "alt": "感情價",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "gamjeongga",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "word": "감정가"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "vērtība"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "valéntnost",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вале́нтность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "valens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 3 3 78 11",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
          "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
          "word": "валéнтність"
        }
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q3113318"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Sociology",
          "orig": "en:Sociology",
          "parents": [
            "Social sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 17 15 19 22 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 13 14 20 31 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 15 24 26 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 12 15 19 34 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ence",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The value which a person places on something."
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-en-noun-YxfKev4J",
      "links": [
        [
          "sociology",
          "sociology"
        ],
        [
          "places",
          "place#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, sociology) The value which a person places on something."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences",
        "social-science",
        "sociology"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 21 75",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "value which a person places on something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Valenz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 21 75",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "value which a person places on something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Wert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 21 75",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "value which a person places on something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Wertigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 21 75",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "value which a person places on something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "walencja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 21 75",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "value which a person places on something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "valență"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈveɪl(ə)ns/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈveɪləns/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪləns"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-valence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Britain"
      ],
      "word": "valency"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "August Wilhelm von Hofmann"
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "valance"
      },
      "expansion": "valance",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A variant of valance.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "valences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "valence (plural valences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "val‧ence"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "valance"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of valance"
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-en-noun-Edds8bAU",
      "links": [
        [
          "valance",
          "valance#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvæl(ə)ns/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvæləns/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-æləns"
    }
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "valenční"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valenci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencím",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valenci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valenci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencích",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencemi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "valence f",
      "name": "cs-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "name": "cs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vale"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "cs",
          "name": "Chemistry",
          "orig": "cs:Chemistry",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valence, valency"
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-cs-noun-m6B7qpOr",
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "valence",
          "valence#English"
        ],
        [
          "valency",
          "valency"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chemistry) valence, valency"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mocenství"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "cs",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "cs:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valence, valency"
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-cs-noun-m6B7qpOr1",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "valence",
          "valence#English"
        ],
        [
          "valency",
          "valency"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) valence, valency"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvalɛnt͡sɛ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛntsɛ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "monovalence"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from monovalence",
      "name": "back-formation"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from monovalence., etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "valences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "valence f (plural valences)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rection"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "transitivité"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Chemistry",
          "orig": "fr:Chemistry",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French back-formations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valence"
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-fr-noun-7kB6TM-9",
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "valence",
          "#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chemistry) valence"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "fr:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French back-formations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valency"
      ],
      "id": "en-valence-fr-noun-iXlCxKtb",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "valency",
          "valency"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) valency"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/va.lɑ̃s/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-valence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
    "Czech feminine nouns",
    "Czech lemmas",
    "Czech nouns",
    "Czech soft feminine nouns",
    "Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Czech/ɛntsɛ"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "valenční"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valenci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencím",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valenci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valence",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valenci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencích",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "valencemi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "valence f",
      "name": "cs-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "name": "cs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "vale"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "cs:Chemistry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valence, valency"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "valence",
          "valence#English"
        ],
        [
          "valency",
          "valency"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chemistry) valence, valency"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mocenství"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "cs:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valence, valency"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "valence",
          "valence#English"
        ],
        [
          "valency",
          "valency"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) valence, valency"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvalɛnt͡sɛ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛntsɛ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from German",
    "English terms derived from German",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂welh₁- (rule)",
    "English terms suffixed with -ence",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪləns",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪləns/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/æləns",
    "Rhymes:English/æləns/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ambivalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "bivalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "equivalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "hexavalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "monovalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "multivalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "pentavalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "polyvalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "primary valence"
    },
    {
      "word": "quadrivalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "secondary valence"
    },
    {
      "word": "social valence"
    },
    {
      "word": "tetravalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "trivalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "valence band"
    },
    {
      "word": "valence bond"
    },
    {
      "word": "valence electron"
    },
    {
      "word": "valence isomer"
    },
    {
      "word": "valence issue"
    },
    {
      "word": "valence shell"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q171407"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 1.1",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂welh₁-",
        "id": "rule"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q171407",
        "uc": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Sense 1.1",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q3113318"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 3",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "Valenz"
      },
      "expansion": "German Valenz",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-ence",
        "pos": "suffix meaning ‘having the condition or state of’"
      },
      "expansion": "-ence (suffix meaning ‘having the condition or state of’)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Valenz"
      },
      "expansion": "Valenz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "clipping"
      },
      "expansion": "clipping",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Quantivalenz",
        "t": "(archaic) valence in chemistry"
      },
      "expansion": "Quantivalenz (“(archaic) valence in chemistry”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "quantivalence"
      },
      "expansion": "quantivalence",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "quantus",
        "t": "how much"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin quantus (“how much”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "interfix"
      },
      "expansion": "interfix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "morpheme"
      },
      "expansion": "morpheme",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-i-",
        "pos": "interfix inserted between morphemes of Latin origin for ease of pronunciation"
      },
      "expansion": "-i- (interfix inserted between morphemes of Latin origin for ease of pronunciation)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "valentia",
        "t": "bodily strength; health; vigour"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin valentia (“bodily strength; health; vigour”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "valence",
        "t": "medicinal preparation made from plants"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English valence (“medicinal preparation made from plants”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂welh₁-",
        "t": "to rule; powerful, strong"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule; powerful, strong”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Quantivalence"
      },
      "expansion": "Quantivalence",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "coined"
      },
      "expansion": "coined",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Quantivalenz"
      },
      "expansion": "Quantivalenz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "value"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of value",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Q1412952",
        "uc": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sense 1.1 (“combining capacity of an atom”) and sense 3 (“one-dimensional value assigned by a person to an object, situation, or state”) are borrowed from German Valenz + English -ence (suffix meaning ‘having the condition or state of’). Valenz is a clipping of Quantivalenz (“(archaic) valence in chemistry”), from English quantivalence, from Latin quantus (“how much”) + English -i- (interfix inserted between morphemes of Latin origin for ease of pronunciation) + Latin valentia (“bodily strength; health; vigour”) (whence Late Middle English valence (“medicinal preparation made from plants”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule; powerful, strong”)). Quantivalence was coined by F. O. Ward who communicated it to the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818–1892), leading him to coin the German word Quantivalenz. Doublet of value.\nSense 2 (“number of arguments a verb can have”) was formed by analogy to the use of the word in chemistry: see above.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "valences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "valence (countable and uncountable, plural valences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "val‧ence"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "quantivalence"
    },
    {
      "word": "valent"
    },
    {
      "word": "-valent"
    },
    {
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "ambitransitivity"
    },
    {
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "ditransitivity"
    },
    {
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "intransitivity"
    },
    {
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "transitivity"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "en:Chemistry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical determined by the number of atoms of hydrogen with which it will unite, or the number of electrons that it will gain, lose, or share when it combines with other atoms, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "combining",
          "combining#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "capacity",
          "capacity"
        ],
        [
          "atom",
          "atom"
        ],
        [
          "functional group",
          "functional group"
        ],
        [
          "radical",
          "radical#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "determine",
          "determine"
        ],
        [
          "number",
          "number#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "hydrogen",
          "hydrogen"
        ],
        [
          "unite",
          "unite#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "electron",
          "electron"
        ],
        [
          "gain",
          "gain#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "lose",
          "lose#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "share",
          "share#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "combines",
          "combine#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, chemistry)",
        "The combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical determined by the number of atoms of hydrogen with which it will unite, or the number of electrons that it will gain, lose, or share when it combines with other atoms, etc."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q171407"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "atomicity"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "quantivalence"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "quantivalency"
        },
        {
          "word": "valency"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q171407"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "en:Chemistry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The number of binding sites of a molecule, such as an antibody or antigen."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "binding",
          "binding#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "sites",
          "site#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "molecule",
          "molecule"
        ],
        [
          "antibody",
          "antibody"
        ],
        [
          "antigen",
          "antigen"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, chemistry)",
        "The number of binding sites of a molecule, such as an antibody or antigen."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Linguistics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "In this assignment you will analyze each of the following sentences and determine the valence of the highlighted verb.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The number of arguments that a verb can have, including its subject, ranging from zero to three or, less commonly, four."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "arguments",
          "argument#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "verb",
          "verb#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "ranging",
          "range#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "zero",
          "zero#Numeral"
        ],
        [
          "three",
          "three"
        ],
        [
          "less",
          "less#Determiner"
        ],
        [
          "commonly",
          "commonly"
        ],
        [
          "four",
          "four"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, linguistics) The number of arguments that a verb can have, including its subject, ranging from zero to three or, less commonly, four."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q1412952"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "valency"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q1412952"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:Psychology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "anger and fear have negative valence",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A one-dimensional value assigned by a person to an object, situation, or state, that can usually be positive (causing a feeling of attraction) or negative (repulsion)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "psychology",
          "psychology"
        ],
        [
          "one-dimensional",
          "one-dimensional"
        ],
        [
          "value",
          "value#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "assigned",
          "assign#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "situation",
          "situation"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "positive",
          "positive#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "causing",
          "cause#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "attraction",
          "attraction"
        ],
        [
          "negative",
          "negative"
        ],
        [
          "repulsion",
          "repulsion"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, especially psychology) A one-dimensional value assigned by a person to an object, situation, or state, that can usually be positive (causing a feeling of attraction) or negative (repulsion)."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q3113318"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "especially",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "psychology",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q3113318"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:Sociology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The value which a person places on something."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sociology",
          "sociology"
        ],
        [
          "places",
          "place#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, sociology) The value which a person places on something."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences",
        "social-science",
        "sociology"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈveɪl(ə)ns/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈveɪləns/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪləns"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-valence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-valence.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Britain"
      ],
      "word": "valency"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valensie"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valenca"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "takāfuʔ",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "تكافؤ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "valentakanutʻyun",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "վալենտականություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valentlik"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "valentlıq",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "валентлыҡ"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "balentzia"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "valjéntnascʹ",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "вале́нтнасць"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "jōjoni",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "যোজনী"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "valentnost",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "валентност"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valència"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "原子價"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "goân-chú-kà",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "原子价"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "化合價"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huàhéjià",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "化合价"
    },
    {
      "code": "cv",
      "lang": "Chuvash",
      "roman": "valéntlăh",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "вале́нтлӑх"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valentie"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valento"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valents"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valenssi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "valenṭoba",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "ვალენტობა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Valenz"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Wertigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "sthénos",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σθένος"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "erkiyūt",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "עֶרְכִּיוּת"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "sañyojaktā",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "संयोजकता"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "vegyérték"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "eingildi"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valenco"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valensi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fiús"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valenza"
    },
    {
      "alt": "げんしか",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "genshika",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "原子価"
    },
    {
      "code": "kab",
      "lang": "Kabyle",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "tugdut"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "valenttılık",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "валенттілік"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "vaalɑng",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "វ៉ាឡង់"
    },
    {
      "alt": "原子價",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "wonjaga",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "원자가"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "vērtība"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valentingumas"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "valéntnost",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтност"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "saiyujā",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "संयुजा"
    },
    {
      "code": "frr",
      "lang": "North Frisian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "walens"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valens"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "ظرفیت شیمیایی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "wartościowość"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valência"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "sãyojkatā",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "ਸੰਯੋਜਕਤਾ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valență"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтность"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "valenca"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "valencije"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valenca"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valensi"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "valens"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "balensiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "valent",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "валент"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "zarfiyat",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "зарфият"
    },
    {
      "code": "ta",
      "lang": "Tamil",
      "roman": "iṇaitiṟaṉ",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "இணைதிறன்"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "bāhubalaṁ",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "బాహుబలం"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "เวเลนซ์"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "değerlik"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтність"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "ظرف"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "valentlik"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "word": "hóa trị"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "falens"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "valencija",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "валенция"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "化合價"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huàhéjià",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "化合价"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jiè",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "价"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yuánzǐjià",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "原子价"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "mocenství"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ],
      "word": "valento"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "valenssi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "valenṭoba",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "ვალენტობა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Valenz"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "valenttılık",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "валенттілік"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "valéncija",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нција"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "valéntnost",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтност"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "wartościowość"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valência"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valență"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтность"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "word": "kalwing"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
      "sense": "number of binding sites of a molecule",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтність"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "taʕalluq",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "تَعَلُّق"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valència"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "配價"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "pèijià",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "配价"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valentie"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "valento"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "valents"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "valenssi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "valenṭoba",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "ვალენტობა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Valenz"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "sthénos",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σθένος"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valenza"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "valenttılık",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "валенттілік"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valentia"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "valéncija",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нција"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "ablid chianglee"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "valens"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "valens"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ta'alloq",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "تعلق"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "walencja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valência"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valență"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "вале́нтность"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "diátesis"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "valens"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
      "sense": "number of arguments that a verb can have",
      "word": "вале́нтність"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "takāfuʔ",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "تكافؤ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "valentnost",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "word": "валентност"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "word": "valents"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "word": "valenssi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "word": "tunnearvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valence"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Valenz"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Wertigkeit"
    },
    {
      "alt": "かんじょうか",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kanjōka",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "word": "感情価"
    },
    {
      "alt": "感情價",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "gamjeongga",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "word": "감정가"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "vērtība"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "valéntnost",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтност"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "valéntnostʹ",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вале́нтность"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "valens"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "valéntnistʹ",
      "sense": "one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state",
      "word": "валéнтність"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "value which a person places on something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Valenz"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "value which a person places on something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Wert"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "value which a person places on something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Wertigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "value which a person places on something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "walencja"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "value which a person places on something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "valență"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "August Wilhelm von Hofmann"
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ence",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:English/æləns",
    "Rhymes:English/æləns/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "valance"
      },
      "expansion": "valance",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A variant of valance.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "valences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "valence (plural valences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "val‧ence"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "valance"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of valance"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "valance",
          "valance#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvæl(ə)ns/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvæləns/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-æləns"
    }
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French back-formations",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French feminine nouns",
    "French lemmas",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "monovalence"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from monovalence",
      "name": "back-formation"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from monovalence., etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "valences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "valence f (plural valences)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "rection"
    },
    {
      "word": "transitivité"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "fr:Chemistry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "valence",
          "#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chemistry) valence"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fr:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "valency"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "valency",
          "valency"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) valency"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/va.lɑ̃s/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-valence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-valence.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "valence"
}