See hod on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hod meaning in All languages combined (38.4kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "hod",
"t": "to jog along on horseback"
},
"expansion": "Scots hod (“to jog along on horseback”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hotch",
"t": "(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess"
},
"expansion": "hotch (“(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hotch",
"t": "to move irregularly up and down; to swarm"
},
"expansion": "English hotch (“to move irregularly up and down; to swarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chiefly Scotland"
},
"expansion": "(chiefly Scotland)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hotchen",
"t": "to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hotchen (“to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "hocher",
"t": "to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman hocher (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "hocher"
},
"expansion": "Middle French hocher",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hochier",
"t": "to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake"
},
"expansion": "Old French hochier (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hocher",
"t": "to nod the head"
},
"expansion": "French hocher (“to nod the head”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hotsōn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hotsōn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hottisōn"
},
"expansion": "*hottisōn",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hottōn",
"t": "to shake; to toss"
},
"expansion": "*hottōn (“to shake; to toss”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hud-",
"t": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ket-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ket-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kwēt-",
"t": "to rock back and forth; to shake"
},
"expansion": "*kwēt- (“to rock back and forth; to shake”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "onomatopoeic"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hotter",
"t": "(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap"
},
"expansion": "Scots hotter (“(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hutsen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hutsen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hutsen",
"t": "to jog, jolt; to shake"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hutsen (“to jog, jolt; to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hotsen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hotsen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hotsen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hotsen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hossen",
"t": "to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly"
},
"expansion": "hossen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hotzen",
"t": "to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly"
},
"expansion": "German hotzen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Southern Germany"
},
"expansion": "(Southern Germany)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "hūdern",
"t": "to shake; to shudder"
},
"expansion": "Low German hūdern (“to shake; to shudder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hozzen",
"t": "act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German hozzen (“act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hūdenian",
"t": "to rock back and forth, shake, sway"
},
"expansion": "Old English hūdenian (“to rock back and forth, shake, sway”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Scots hod (“to jog along on horseback”), probably related to hotch (“(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess”) (whence English hotch (“to move irregularly up and down; to swarm”) (chiefly Scotland)), from Late Middle English hotchen (“to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)”), from Anglo-Norman hocher (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack”) and Middle French hocher, Middle French, Old French hochier (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake”) (modern French hocher (“to nod the head”)), from Frankish *hotsōn, *hottisōn, from *hottōn (“to shake; to toss”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ket- or *kwēt- (“to rock back and forth; to shake”), probably originally onomatopoeic.\nCompare Scots hotter (“(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap”)).\ncognates\n* Middle Dutch hutsen (modern Dutch hutsen (“to jog, jolt; to shake”)), Middle Dutch hotsen (modern Dutch hotsen, hossen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”))\n* German hotzen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”) (Southern Germany)\n* Low German hūdern (“to shake; to shudder”)\n* Middle High German hozzen (“act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)”)\n* Old English hūdenian (“to rock back and forth, shake, sway”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hods",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hodding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hodded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hodded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hod (third-person singular simple present hods, present participle hodding, simple past and past participle hodded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 10 19 13 13 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 9 17 11 18 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851, J. de Jean [i.e., John de Jean Fraser], “The Wild Ducks”, in Poems, Dublin: James McGlashan, […]; London; Liverpool: W[illia]m S. Orr and Co., →OCLC, stanza 2, page 144",
"text": "To have caught young wild ducks—a dozen— / So we \"hodded\" them in a hat to town, / To get them \"pot-luck\"—at least a \"shake down,\" / With some tame, domestic cousin.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1879 October 4, C. G., “The Legend of Doppelganger Tower”, in Young Ireland. An Irish Magazine of Entertainment and Instruction, volume V, number 40, Dublin: Published at the offices of the “Nation” and “Weekly News,” […], →OCLC, page 632, column 2",
"text": "They hodded off the furniture, moth-eaten, cracked, and old, / For iron old the swords and helms and dish-covers they sold; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1884], “For a’ That, and a’ That”, in Sonnenschein’s Special Merit Readers. Standard III, London: W[illiam] Swan Sonnenschein & Co., […], →OCLC, page 8",
"text": "Hoddin gray, a coarse grey woollen cloth, called \"hoddin\" from country people wearing it, who \"hodded,\" that is, jogged along on carthorses.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bob up and down on horseback, as an inexperienced rider may do; to jog."
],
"id": "en-hod-en-verb-Kqo4y6yz",
"links": [
[
"bob",
"bob#Verb"
],
[
"up and down",
"up and down"
],
[
"horseback",
"horseback"
],
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"rider",
"rider"
],
[
"jog",
"jog#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, Scotland, obsolete) To bob up and down on horseback, as an inexperienced rider may do; to jog."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɒd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hod.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hod boy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hod carrier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hoddie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hodful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hodman"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hot",
"t": "(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc."
},
"expansion": "hot (“(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc.”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hott"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hott",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hote"
},
"expansion": "hote",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hotte",
"t": "large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)"
},
"expansion": "hotte (“large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hutte",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hote"
},
"expansion": "Old French hote",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hotte",
"t": "large basket carried on the back"
},
"expansion": "hotte (“large basket carried on the back”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hotte",
"t": "carrying basket"
},
"expansion": "French hotte (“carrying basket”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hotta",
"t": "basket"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hotta (“basket”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hud-",
"t": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "onomatopoeia"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeia",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hotten",
"t": "to jolt; shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hotten (“to jolt; shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hotte",
"t": "wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard"
},
"expansion": "German Hotte (“wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Rhineland, Swabia"
},
"expansion": "(Rhineland, Swabia)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hutte",
"t": "basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard"
},
"expansion": "Hutte (“basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Alsace, Switzerland"
},
"expansion": "(Alsace, Switzerland)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "hotta"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin hotta",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "hottus",
"t": "hod"
},
"expansion": "hottus (“hod”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably an alteration of hot (“(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc.”), from Middle English hott, hote, hotte (“large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Old French hote, hotte (“large basket carried on the back”) (modern French hotte (“carrying basket”)), from Frankish *hotta (“basket”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”) (see further at etymology 1), ultimately an onomatopoeia of the swaying movement of such a basket (compare Middle Dutch hotten (“to jolt; shake”)).\ncognates\n* German Hotte (“wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Rhineland, Swabia), Hutte (“basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Alsace, Switzerland)\n* Late Latin hotta, hottus (“hod”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hods",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hod (plural hods)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1810?, “Arthur MacBride”, in Patrick Crotty, editor, The Penguin Book of Irish Poetry (Penguin Classics), London, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 2012, part IX (Songs and Ballads since 1801), stanza 6, page 924",
"text": "And then Arthur and I, we soon drew our hods / And we scarce gave them time for to draw their own blades / When a trusty shillelagh came over their heads / And bade them take that as fair warning.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1855, Q. K. Philander Doesticks [pseudonym], “’Lection Day.—‘Paddy’ versus ‘Sam.’”, in Doesticks: What He Says, New York, N.Y.: Edward Livermore, […], →OCLC, page 277",
"text": "Independent candidate, who wants the Irish vote and Dutch suffrages, entered, borne in a mortar hod, bare-footed, with a shillelagh in one hand, a whiskey bottle in the other, a Dutch pipe in his mouth, and a small barrel of beer strapped to his back.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1865, A[mbrose] H[ardinge] Giffard, Edward Giffard, Who Was My Grandfather?: An Autobiographical Sketch, London: […] Harrison and Sons, […], →OCLC, page 13",
"text": "Make your son a shoemaker,—a bricklayer,—or give him no more education than shall fit him to carry a hod,—and with patience and industry he may make a fortune, and he may do it with uninjured feelings; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1960, Stewart Alsop, “How They Got that Way: Nixon”, in Nixon & Rockefeller: A Double Portrait, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, page 124",
"text": "Put a clay pipe in [Richard] Nixon’s mouth and a hod on his shoulder or a shillelagh in his hand, and there, complete with beetling brows and uptilted nose, is the original of the old cartoon stereotype of the fighting Irishman—the Irishman of the draft riots or of Punch’s version of the Sinn Feiner.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder."
],
"id": "en-hod-en-noun-2ovR-tjo",
"links": [
[
"three",
"three"
],
[
"sided",
"side#Noun"
],
[
"box",
"box#Noun"
],
[
"mounted",
"mount#Verb"
],
[
"pole",
"pole#Noun"
],
[
"carry",
"carry"
],
[
"bricks",
"brick#Noun"
],
[
"mortar",
"mortar#Noun"
],
[
"construction",
"construction"
],
[
"materials",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 1 4 1 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hotte"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 4 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adac"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 4 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sparviere"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 4 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lotók",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лото́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 4 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "korýto",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "коры́то"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867 May, “a vacation tourist” [pseudonym], “Passing Notes on Our Neighbours”, in Temple Bar: A London Magazine for Town and Country Readers, volume XX, London: Richard Bentley, […]; New York, N.Y.: Willmer and Rogers, published July 1867, →OCLC, page 179",
"text": "[T]he women do the hardest work—carry hods of mortar, unload vessels, drive oxen, &c. …",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The amount of material held by a hod (sense 1); a hodful."
],
"id": "en-hod-en-noun-tXt6vJWq",
"links": [
[
"amount",
"amount#Noun"
],
[
"held",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"hodful",
"hodful"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, Charles Holtzapffel, “Soldering”, in Turning and Mechanical Manipulation. Intended as a Work of General Reference and Practical Instruction, on the Lathe, and the Various Mechanical Pursuits Followed by Amateurs, volumes I (Materials; […]), London: […] Holtzapffel & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 449–450",
"text": "The pewterers employ a very peculiar modification of the blowpipe, which may be called the hot-air blast, and the names for which apparatus are no less peculiar; a fig. 313, being called the hod, and b, the gentleman. The first is a common cast-iron pot with a close cover, containing ignited charcoal; two nozzles lead into and from it, to allow the passage of a stream of air, through the pipe c, from bellows worked by the foot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blowpipe used by a pewterer."
],
"id": "en-hod-en-noun-A1Bbel0v",
"links": [
[
"blowpipe",
"blowpipe"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"pewterer",
"pewterer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horse racing",
"orig": "en:Horse racing",
"parents": [
"Equestrianism",
"Horses",
"Sports",
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Human activity",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Human behaviour",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Human",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, Tommy Steele, chapter 6, in Bermondsey Boy: Memories of a Forgotten World, large print edition, Bath, Somerset: Windsor Paragon; BBC Audiobooks, published 2007, page 64",
"text": "'Clerking' is perhaps the most difficult and most admired job on a racecourse. The next time you see a bookmaker at his hod, waving his ticket-filled hands, shouting the odds, look to his left, just back a bit—out of the limelight. The bloke sitting there with his head buried deep in a ledger is the clerk.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bookmaker's bag."
],
"id": "en-hod-en-noun-Vb8yxhfa",
"links": [
[
"horse racing",
"horse racing"
],
[
"bookmaker",
"bookmaker"
],
[
"bag",
"bag#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(horse racing) A bookmaker's bag."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"horse-racing",
"horseracing",
"horses",
"lifestyle",
"pets",
"racing",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: scuttle"
},
{
"ref": "1884, John McGovern, “Wedded Life”, in The Golden Censer: Or, The Duties of To-day, the Hopes of the Future, Chicago, Ill., Columbus, Oh.: Union Publishing House, →OCLC, page 266",
"text": "My friend comes home and finds his dressing-gown and slippers in front of the fire. He is tired and cross, and doesn't want to sling ashes nor bang a coal-hod. But the sight of the fire makes him feel better at once, and if there be no fire, there are no ashes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Raymond B[artlett] Stevens et al., “Copper Utensils and Hollow or Flat Plate”, in Trade Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom: Digests of Trade Data with Respect to Products on which Concessions Were Granted by the United States, volume IV, Washington, D.C.: United States Tariff Commission, →OCLC, page 3-42",
"text": "The household uses of copper are principally for cooking utensils and a variety of miscellaneous items, such as urns, bowls, hods, lamps, candlesticks, vases, book ends, and ash trays.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A receptacle for carrying coal, particularly one shaped like a bucket which is designed for loading coal or coke through the door of a firebox."
],
"id": "en-hod-en-noun-1fF05kNM",
"links": [
[
"receptacle",
"receptacle"
],
[
"coal",
"coal#Noun"
],
[
"shaped",
"shape#Verb"
],
[
"bucket",
"bucket#Noun"
],
[
"designed",
"design#Verb"
],
[
"loading",
"load#Verb"
],
[
"coke",
"coke#Noun"
],
[
"door",
"door#Noun"
],
[
"firebox",
"firebox"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(originally British, dialectal and US) A receptacle for carrying coal, particularly one shaped like a bucket which is designed for loading coal or coke through the door of a firebox."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɒd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hod.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hodina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hodovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hodovník"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "hod",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech hod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "hod"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech hod",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*godъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *godъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "cs",
"3": "hodit"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from hodit",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech hod, Proto-Slavic *godъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from hodit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "hod m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hodit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hodný"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "javelin/discus/hammer throw",
"text": "hod oštěpem/diskem/kladivem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"throw"
],
"id": "en-hod-cs-noun-ewRWWBvv",
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Athletics",
"orig": "cs:Athletics",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Christmas/Easter Day",
"text": "Boží hod vánoční/velikonoční",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feast day, holy day"
],
"id": "en-hod-cs-noun-QNyZ~Uaz",
"links": [
[
"feast day",
"feast day"
],
[
"holy day",
"holy day"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often in plural) feast day, holy day"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"often",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɦot]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-hod.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/Cs-hod.ogg/Cs-hod.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Cs-hod.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hoden"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hade",
"3": "hede",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: hade, hede (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hade, hede (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hade",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hade (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hade (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hād",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English hād",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hād"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English hād",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haidu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haidu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haiduz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haiduz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hād, from Proto-West Germanic *haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hodes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hod",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "hodes"
},
"expansion": "hod (plural hodes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"One's rank level, or, office; one's position in relation to others"
],
"id": "en-hod-enm-noun-LmuLDp6r",
"links": [
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"relation",
"relation"
],
[
"other",
"other"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A religious or clerical office, position, or calling."
],
"id": "en-hod-enm-noun-iT~KLxld",
"links": [
[
"religious",
"religious"
],
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"call",
"call"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One's state or condition; one's position in relation to their previous position."
],
"id": "en-hod-enm-noun-tGFU6n7z",
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"relation",
"relation"
],
[
"previous",
"previous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 24 52 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 3 21 58 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 13 0 87 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 10 3 80 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "enm:Theology",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"All topics",
"Culture",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Trinity; the three hypostases making up the Godhead."
],
"id": "en-hod-enm-noun-UkeY55IX",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Trinity",
"Trinity"
],
[
"hypostases",
"hypostasis"
],
[
"Godhead",
"Godhead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Trinity; the three hypostases making up the Godhead."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɔːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑːd/",
"note": "early"
},
{
"ipa": "/haːd/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛːd/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "had"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hode"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "hod",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hood"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of hood"
],
"id": "en-hod-enm-noun-tlB8PrJg",
"links": [
[
"hood",
"hood#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "hod",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "od"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of od"
],
"id": "en-hod-zlw-opl-prep-msh7rXRz",
"links": [
[
"od",
"od#Old Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɔt/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xɔt/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xodъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xodъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xodъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xodъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sod-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sod-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xodъ, from Proto-Indo-European *sod-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hȏd",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "хо̑д",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdōvā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏdom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "hȏd"
},
"expansion": "hȏd m (Cyrillic spelling хо̑д)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hȏd",
"10": "hȍdovi",
"11": "hȏdu",
"12": "hȍdovima",
"13": "hȏdom",
"14": "hȍdovima",
"2": "hȍdovi",
"3": "hȏda",
"4": "hȍdōvā",
"5": "hȏdu",
"6": "hȍdovima",
"7": "hȏd",
"8": "hȍdove",
"9": "hȏde"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"walk, gait"
],
"id": "en-hod-sh-noun-6-TGZHdx",
"links": [
[
"walk",
"walk"
],
[
"gait",
"gait"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pace"
],
"id": "en-hod-sh-noun-Gbh6xeyx",
"links": [
[
"pace",
"pace"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xôːd/"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*godъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *godъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *godъ",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hodu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodov",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"tags": [
"declension-pattern-of"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun-dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodoch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"decl": "dub",
"gen": "hodu",
"genpl": "hodov",
"pl": "hody"
},
"expansion": "hod m inan (genitive singular hodu, nominative plural hody, genitive plural hodov, declension pattern of dub)",
"name": "sk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hod",
"2": "u"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun-dub"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hod",
"10": "hody",
"11": "hodoch",
"12": "hodmi",
"2": "hodu",
"3": "hodu",
"4": "hod",
"5": "hode",
"6": "hodom",
"7": "hody",
"8": "hodov",
"9": "hodom"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Athletics",
"orig": "sk:Athletics",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"throw"
],
"id": "en-hod-sk-noun-ewRWWBvv",
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"sk:hod"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɦɔt]"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech deverbals",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech terms with audio links",
"cs:Athletics"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hodina"
},
{
"word": "hodovat"
},
{
"word": "hodovník"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "hod",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech hod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "hod"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech hod",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*godъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *godъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "cs",
"3": "hodit"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from hodit",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech hod, Proto-Slavic *godъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from hodit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "hod m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "hodit"
},
{
"word": "hodný"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "javelin/discus/hammer throw",
"text": "hod oštěpem/diskem/kladivem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"throw"
],
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Czech terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Christmas/Easter Day",
"text": "Boží hod vánoční/velikonoční",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feast day, holy day"
],
"links": [
[
"feast day",
"feast day"
],
[
"holy day",
"holy day"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often in plural) feast day, holy day"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"often",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɦot]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-hod.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/Cs-hod.ogg/Cs-hod.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Cs-hod.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "hod",
"t": "to jog along on horseback"
},
"expansion": "Scots hod (“to jog along on horseback”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hotch",
"t": "(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess"
},
"expansion": "hotch (“(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hotch",
"t": "to move irregularly up and down; to swarm"
},
"expansion": "English hotch (“to move irregularly up and down; to swarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chiefly Scotland"
},
"expansion": "(chiefly Scotland)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hotchen",
"t": "to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hotchen (“to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "hocher",
"t": "to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman hocher (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "hocher"
},
"expansion": "Middle French hocher",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hochier",
"t": "to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake"
},
"expansion": "Old French hochier (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hocher",
"t": "to nod the head"
},
"expansion": "French hocher (“to nod the head”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hotsōn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hotsōn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hottisōn"
},
"expansion": "*hottisōn",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hottōn",
"t": "to shake; to toss"
},
"expansion": "*hottōn (“to shake; to toss”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hud-",
"t": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ket-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ket-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kwēt-",
"t": "to rock back and forth; to shake"
},
"expansion": "*kwēt- (“to rock back and forth; to shake”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "onomatopoeic"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hotter",
"t": "(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap"
},
"expansion": "Scots hotter (“(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hutsen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hutsen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hutsen",
"t": "to jog, jolt; to shake"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hutsen (“to jog, jolt; to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hotsen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hotsen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hotsen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hotsen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hossen",
"t": "to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly"
},
"expansion": "hossen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hotzen",
"t": "to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly"
},
"expansion": "German hotzen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Southern Germany"
},
"expansion": "(Southern Germany)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "hūdern",
"t": "to shake; to shudder"
},
"expansion": "Low German hūdern (“to shake; to shudder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hozzen",
"t": "act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German hozzen (“act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hūdenian",
"t": "to rock back and forth, shake, sway"
},
"expansion": "Old English hūdenian (“to rock back and forth, shake, sway”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Scots hod (“to jog along on horseback”), probably related to hotch (“(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess”) (whence English hotch (“to move irregularly up and down; to swarm”) (chiefly Scotland)), from Late Middle English hotchen (“to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)”), from Anglo-Norman hocher (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack”) and Middle French hocher, Middle French, Old French hochier (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake”) (modern French hocher (“to nod the head”)), from Frankish *hotsōn, *hottisōn, from *hottōn (“to shake; to toss”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ket- or *kwēt- (“to rock back and forth; to shake”), probably originally onomatopoeic.\nCompare Scots hotter (“(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap”)).\ncognates\n* Middle Dutch hutsen (modern Dutch hutsen (“to jog, jolt; to shake”)), Middle Dutch hotsen (modern Dutch hotsen, hossen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”))\n* German hotzen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”) (Southern Germany)\n* Low German hūdern (“to shake; to shudder”)\n* Middle High German hozzen (“act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)”)\n* Old English hūdenian (“to rock back and forth, shake, sway”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hods",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hodding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hodded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hodded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hod (third-person singular simple present hods, present participle hodding, simple past and past participle hodded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851, J. de Jean [i.e., John de Jean Fraser], “The Wild Ducks”, in Poems, Dublin: James McGlashan, […]; London; Liverpool: W[illia]m S. Orr and Co., →OCLC, stanza 2, page 144",
"text": "To have caught young wild ducks—a dozen— / So we \"hodded\" them in a hat to town, / To get them \"pot-luck\"—at least a \"shake down,\" / With some tame, domestic cousin.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1879 October 4, C. G., “The Legend of Doppelganger Tower”, in Young Ireland. An Irish Magazine of Entertainment and Instruction, volume V, number 40, Dublin: Published at the offices of the “Nation” and “Weekly News,” […], →OCLC, page 632, column 2",
"text": "They hodded off the furniture, moth-eaten, cracked, and old, / For iron old the swords and helms and dish-covers they sold; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1884], “For a’ That, and a’ That”, in Sonnenschein’s Special Merit Readers. Standard III, London: W[illiam] Swan Sonnenschein & Co., […], →OCLC, page 8",
"text": "Hoddin gray, a coarse grey woollen cloth, called \"hoddin\" from country people wearing it, who \"hodded,\" that is, jogged along on carthorses.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bob up and down on horseback, as an inexperienced rider may do; to jog."
],
"links": [
[
"bob",
"bob#Verb"
],
[
"up and down",
"up and down"
],
[
"horseback",
"horseback"
],
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"rider",
"rider"
],
[
"jog",
"jog#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, Scotland, obsolete) To bob up and down on horseback, as an inexperienced rider may do; to jog."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɒd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hod.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English three-letter words",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hod boy"
},
{
"word": "hod carrier"
},
{
"word": "hoddie"
},
{
"word": "hodful"
},
{
"word": "hodman"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hot",
"t": "(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc."
},
"expansion": "hot (“(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc.”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hott"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hott",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hote"
},
"expansion": "hote",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hotte",
"t": "large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)"
},
"expansion": "hotte (“large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hutte",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hote"
},
"expansion": "Old French hote",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hotte",
"t": "large basket carried on the back"
},
"expansion": "hotte (“large basket carried on the back”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hotte",
"t": "carrying basket"
},
"expansion": "French hotte (“carrying basket”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hotta",
"t": "basket"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hotta (“basket”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hud-",
"t": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "onomatopoeia"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeia",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hotten",
"t": "to jolt; shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hotten (“to jolt; shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hotte",
"t": "wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard"
},
"expansion": "German Hotte (“wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Rhineland, Swabia"
},
"expansion": "(Rhineland, Swabia)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hutte",
"t": "basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard"
},
"expansion": "Hutte (“basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Alsace, Switzerland"
},
"expansion": "(Alsace, Switzerland)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "hotta"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin hotta",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "hottus",
"t": "hod"
},
"expansion": "hottus (“hod”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably an alteration of hot (“(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc.”), from Middle English hott, hote, hotte (“large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Old French hote, hotte (“large basket carried on the back”) (modern French hotte (“carrying basket”)), from Frankish *hotta (“basket”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”) (see further at etymology 1), ultimately an onomatopoeia of the swaying movement of such a basket (compare Middle Dutch hotten (“to jolt; shake”)).\ncognates\n* German Hotte (“wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Rhineland, Swabia), Hutte (“basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Alsace, Switzerland)\n* Late Latin hotta, hottus (“hod”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hods",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hod (plural hods)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1810?, “Arthur MacBride”, in Patrick Crotty, editor, The Penguin Book of Irish Poetry (Penguin Classics), London, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 2012, part IX (Songs and Ballads since 1801), stanza 6, page 924",
"text": "And then Arthur and I, we soon drew our hods / And we scarce gave them time for to draw their own blades / When a trusty shillelagh came over their heads / And bade them take that as fair warning.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1855, Q. K. Philander Doesticks [pseudonym], “’Lection Day.—‘Paddy’ versus ‘Sam.’”, in Doesticks: What He Says, New York, N.Y.: Edward Livermore, […], →OCLC, page 277",
"text": "Independent candidate, who wants the Irish vote and Dutch suffrages, entered, borne in a mortar hod, bare-footed, with a shillelagh in one hand, a whiskey bottle in the other, a Dutch pipe in his mouth, and a small barrel of beer strapped to his back.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1865, A[mbrose] H[ardinge] Giffard, Edward Giffard, Who Was My Grandfather?: An Autobiographical Sketch, London: […] Harrison and Sons, […], →OCLC, page 13",
"text": "Make your son a shoemaker,—a bricklayer,—or give him no more education than shall fit him to carry a hod,—and with patience and industry he may make a fortune, and he may do it with uninjured feelings; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1960, Stewart Alsop, “How They Got that Way: Nixon”, in Nixon & Rockefeller: A Double Portrait, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, page 124",
"text": "Put a clay pipe in [Richard] Nixon’s mouth and a hod on his shoulder or a shillelagh in his hand, and there, complete with beetling brows and uptilted nose, is the original of the old cartoon stereotype of the fighting Irishman—the Irishman of the draft riots or of Punch’s version of the Sinn Feiner.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder."
],
"links": [
[
"three",
"three"
],
[
"sided",
"side#Noun"
],
[
"box",
"box#Noun"
],
[
"mounted",
"mount#Verb"
],
[
"pole",
"pole#Noun"
],
[
"carry",
"carry"
],
[
"bricks",
"brick#Noun"
],
[
"mortar",
"mortar#Noun"
],
[
"construction",
"construction"
],
[
"materials",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867 May, “a vacation tourist” [pseudonym], “Passing Notes on Our Neighbours”, in Temple Bar: A London Magazine for Town and Country Readers, volume XX, London: Richard Bentley, […]; New York, N.Y.: Willmer and Rogers, published July 1867, →OCLC, page 179",
"text": "[T]he women do the hardest work—carry hods of mortar, unload vessels, drive oxen, &c. …",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The amount of material held by a hod (sense 1); a hodful."
],
"links": [
[
"amount",
"amount#Noun"
],
[
"held",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"hodful",
"hodful"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, Charles Holtzapffel, “Soldering”, in Turning and Mechanical Manipulation. Intended as a Work of General Reference and Practical Instruction, on the Lathe, and the Various Mechanical Pursuits Followed by Amateurs, volumes I (Materials; […]), London: […] Holtzapffel & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 449–450",
"text": "The pewterers employ a very peculiar modification of the blowpipe, which may be called the hot-air blast, and the names for which apparatus are no less peculiar; a fig. 313, being called the hod, and b, the gentleman. The first is a common cast-iron pot with a close cover, containing ignited charcoal; two nozzles lead into and from it, to allow the passage of a stream of air, through the pipe c, from bellows worked by the foot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blowpipe used by a pewterer."
],
"links": [
[
"blowpipe",
"blowpipe"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"pewterer",
"pewterer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Horse racing"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, Tommy Steele, chapter 6, in Bermondsey Boy: Memories of a Forgotten World, large print edition, Bath, Somerset: Windsor Paragon; BBC Audiobooks, published 2007, page 64",
"text": "'Clerking' is perhaps the most difficult and most admired job on a racecourse. The next time you see a bookmaker at his hod, waving his ticket-filled hands, shouting the odds, look to his left, just back a bit—out of the limelight. The bloke sitting there with his head buried deep in a ledger is the clerk.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bookmaker's bag."
],
"links": [
[
"horse racing",
"horse racing"
],
[
"bookmaker",
"bookmaker"
],
[
"bag",
"bag#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(horse racing) A bookmaker's bag."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"horse-racing",
"horseracing",
"horses",
"lifestyle",
"pets",
"racing",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: scuttle"
},
{
"ref": "1884, John McGovern, “Wedded Life”, in The Golden Censer: Or, The Duties of To-day, the Hopes of the Future, Chicago, Ill., Columbus, Oh.: Union Publishing House, →OCLC, page 266",
"text": "My friend comes home and finds his dressing-gown and slippers in front of the fire. He is tired and cross, and doesn't want to sling ashes nor bang a coal-hod. But the sight of the fire makes him feel better at once, and if there be no fire, there are no ashes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Raymond B[artlett] Stevens et al., “Copper Utensils and Hollow or Flat Plate”, in Trade Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom: Digests of Trade Data with Respect to Products on which Concessions Were Granted by the United States, volume IV, Washington, D.C.: United States Tariff Commission, →OCLC, page 3-42",
"text": "The household uses of copper are principally for cooking utensils and a variety of miscellaneous items, such as urns, bowls, hods, lamps, candlesticks, vases, book ends, and ash trays.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A receptacle for carrying coal, particularly one shaped like a bucket which is designed for loading coal or coke through the door of a firebox."
],
"links": [
[
"receptacle",
"receptacle"
],
[
"coal",
"coal#Noun"
],
[
"shaped",
"shape#Verb"
],
[
"bucket",
"bucket#Noun"
],
[
"designed",
"design#Verb"
],
[
"loading",
"load#Verb"
],
[
"coke",
"coke#Noun"
],
[
"door",
"door#Noun"
],
[
"firebox",
"firebox"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(originally British, dialectal and US) A receptacle for carrying coal, particularly one shaped like a bucket which is designed for loading coal or coke through the door of a firebox."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɒd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hod.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hod.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hotte"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "adac"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sparviere"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lotók",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лото́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "korýto",
"sense": "three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "коры́то"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Theology"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hoden"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hade",
"3": "hede",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: hade, hede (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hade, hede (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hade",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hade (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hade (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hād",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English hād",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hād"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English hād",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haidu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haidu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haiduz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haiduz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hād, from Proto-West Germanic *haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hodes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hod",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "hodes"
},
"expansion": "hod (plural hodes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"One's rank level, or, office; one's position in relation to others"
],
"links": [
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"relation",
"relation"
],
[
"other",
"other"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A religious or clerical office, position, or calling."
],
"links": [
[
"religious",
"religious"
],
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"call",
"call"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One's state or condition; one's position in relation to their previous position."
],
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"relation",
"relation"
],
[
"previous",
"previous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"The Trinity; the three hypostases making up the Godhead."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Trinity",
"Trinity"
],
[
"hypostases",
"hypostasis"
],
[
"Godhead",
"Godhead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Trinity; the three hypostases making up the Godhead."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɔːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑːd/",
"note": "early"
},
{
"ipa": "/haːd/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛːd/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "had"
},
{
"word": "hade"
},
{
"word": "hede"
},
{
"word": "hode"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Theology"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "hod",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hood"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of hood"
],
"links": [
[
"hood",
"hood#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "hod",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "od"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of od"
],
"links": [
[
"od",
"od#Old Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɔt/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xɔt/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xodъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xodъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xodъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xodъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sod-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sod-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xodъ, from Proto-Indo-European *sod-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hȏd",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "хо̑д",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdōvā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hȏdom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hȍdovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "hȏd"
},
"expansion": "hȏd m (Cyrillic spelling хо̑д)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hȏd",
"10": "hȍdovi",
"11": "hȏdu",
"12": "hȍdovima",
"13": "hȏdom",
"14": "hȍdovima",
"2": "hȍdovi",
"3": "hȏda",
"4": "hȍdōvā",
"5": "hȏdu",
"6": "hȍdovima",
"7": "hȏd",
"8": "hȍdove",
"9": "hȏde"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"walk, gait"
],
"links": [
[
"walk",
"walk"
],
[
"gait",
"gait"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pace"
],
"links": [
[
"pace",
"pace"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xôːd/"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*godъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *godъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *godъ",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hodu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodov",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"tags": [
"declension-pattern-of"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun-dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hod",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hody",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodoch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hodom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hodmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"decl": "dub",
"gen": "hodu",
"genpl": "hodov",
"pl": "hody"
},
"expansion": "hod m inan (genitive singular hodu, nominative plural hody, genitive plural hodov, declension pattern of dub)",
"name": "sk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hod",
"2": "u"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun-dub"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hod",
"10": "hody",
"11": "hodoch",
"12": "hodmi",
"2": "hodu",
"3": "hodu",
"4": "hod",
"5": "hode",
"6": "hodom",
"7": "hody",
"8": "hodov",
"9": "hodom"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovak inanimate nouns",
"Slovak lemmas",
"Slovak masculine nouns",
"Slovak nouns",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sk:Athletics"
],
"glosses": [
"throw"
],
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"sk:hod"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɦɔt]"
}
],
"word": "hod"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.