See cleave on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autocleave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cleavability"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cleavable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cleave gag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "miscleave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "photocleave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "recleave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tocleave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "uncleave"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cleven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cleven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kleuban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kleuban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kleubaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kleubaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-",
"t": "to cut, to slice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clive"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clive",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klieven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klieven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "klieben"
},
"expansion": "German klieben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "klyva"
},
"expansion": "Swedish klyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kløyva"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γλύφω",
"3": "",
"4": "carve"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cleven, from the Old English strong verb clēofan (“to split, to separate”), from Proto-West Germanic *kleuban, from Proto-Germanic *kleubaną, from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”).\nDoublet of clive. Cognate with Dutch klieven, dialectal German klieben, Swedish klyva, Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva; also Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cleaves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cleft",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clove",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"UK",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clave",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleft",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cloven",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cleaves",
"2": "cleaving",
"3": "cleft",
"past2": "clove",
"past3": "cleaved",
"past3_qual": "UK",
"past4": "clave",
"past4_qual": "archaic",
"past_ptc2": "cloven",
"past_ptc3": "cleaved",
"past_ptc3_qual": "UK"
},
"expansion": "cleave (third-person singular simple present cleaves, present participle cleaving, simple past cleft or clove or (UK) cleaved or (archaic) clave, past participle cleft or cloven or (UK) cleaved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 15 30 4 10 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 17 30 5 9 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 27 3 8 2 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 25 4 8 3 5 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 27 5 8 3 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 15 32 6 9 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 27 4 8 2 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 27 5 8 3 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The wings cleaved the foggy air.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:",
"text": "O Hamlet, thou hast cleft my heart in twain.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 78:15:",
"text": "Hee claue the rockes in the wildernes: and gaue them drinke as out of the great depthes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To split or sever something with, or as if with, a sharp instrument."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-verb-uTMlaqrG",
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"sever",
"sever"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To split or sever something with, or as if with, a sharp instrument."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaqqa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "شَقَّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fasaḵa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "فَسَخَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣadaʕa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "صَدَعَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "falaqa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "فَلَقَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šarama",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "شَرَمَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "raskólvacʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раско́лваць"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "rasščapljácʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "расшчапля́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kalócʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кало́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cepja",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "цепя"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razcepvam",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "разцепвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "劈開"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pīkāi",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "劈开"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "proříznout"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozetnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozříznout"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "kløve"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "klieven"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "znzn",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "z:n-z:n-T30"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "halkaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"continuative"
],
"word": "halkoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "partir"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "tallar"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "tronzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fender"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaṗoba",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "გაპობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gač̣ra",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "გაჭრა"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaḳveta",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "გაკვეთა"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "spalten"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "skhízō",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "σχίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "hasít"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "kljúfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "láta klofna"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendere"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"alt": "わる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "waru",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "割る"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jjogaeda",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "쪼개다"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "mākahi"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "matakahi"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "tīwara"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "kløyve"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendasclar"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "asclar"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "trencar"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "clēofan"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yarmak",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "یارمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šaqqe kardan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "شقه کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "partir"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "talhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "despica"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskályvatʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раска́лывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskolótʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расколо́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrezátʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разреза́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrézatʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разре́зать"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rassekátʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "рассека́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasséčʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "рассе́чь"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolótʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "коло́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasščepljátʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "расщепля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasščepítʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расщепи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "bhinatti",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "भिनत्ति"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tṛntte",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "तृन्त्ते"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "hender"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "klyva"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "yarmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozkóljuvaty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розко́лювати"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozščépljuvaty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розще́плювати"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozščepýty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "розщепи́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 5 3 14 30 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kolóty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "коло́ти"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mineralogy",
"orig": "en:Mineralogy",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 31 3 8 1 7 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 16 31 2 9 2 6 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 16 32 2 9 1 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 15 30 4 10 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 36 6 10 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 19 38 6 12 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 17 30 5 9 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 27 3 8 2 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 19 34 8 12 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 20 35 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 33 8 12 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 37 6 10 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 25 4 8 3 5 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 16 31 4 10 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 19 37 7 12 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 19 37 7 12 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 27 5 8 3 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 33 5 10 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 35 6 11 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 15 32 6 9 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 27 4 8 2 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 20 35 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 34 9 10 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 27 5 8 3 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 35 6 11 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 20 37 6 12 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 18 36 6 11 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 18 36 6 11 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 36 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 20 35 6 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 30 1 14 0 8 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemical reactions",
"orig": "en:Chemical reactions",
"parents": [
"Chemistry",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break a single crystal (such as a gemstone or semiconductor wafer) along one of its more symmetrical crystallographic planes (often by impact), forming facets on the resulting pieces."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-verb-3FB6BsZR",
"links": [
[
"mineralogy",
"mineralogy"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal"
],
[
"gemstone",
"gemstone"
],
[
"semiconductor",
"semiconductor"
],
[
"wafer",
"wafer"
],
[
"symmetrical",
"symmetrical"
],
[
"crystallographic",
"crystallographic"
],
[
"plane",
"plane"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"facet",
"facet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, mineralogy) To break a single crystal (such as a gemstone or semiconductor wafer) along one of its more symmetrical crystallographic planes (often by impact), forming facets on the resulting pieces."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"geography",
"geology",
"mineralogy",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The truck cleaved a path through the ice.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or accomplish by or as if by cutting."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-verb-3G5vcCws",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make or accomplish by or as if by cutting."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 15 30 4 10 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(chemistry) To split (a complex molecule) into simpler molecules."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-verb-911x5s9M",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) (chemistry) To split (a complex molecule) into simpler molecules."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 16:31:",
"text": "And it came to passe as he had made an ende of speaking all these words, that the ground claue asunder that was vnder them:",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To split."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-verb-xGs1q-fn",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To split."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cepja se",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "цепя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozetnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "splitsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "haljeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "lohjeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "spaccare"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "fendasclar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "asclar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskályvatʹ",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раска́лывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskolótʹ",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расколо́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "klyvas"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "splittras"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 2 0 18 53 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "klyva sig"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mineralogy",
"orig": "en:Mineralogy",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 15 30 4 10 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a crystal, to split along a natural plane of division."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-verb-VvpUj30l",
"links": [
[
"mineralogy",
"mineralogy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, mineralogy) Of a crystal, to split along a natural plane of division."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"geography",
"geology",
"mineralogy",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 36 0 4 10 46",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "lohjeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 36 0 4 10 46",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "tagliare"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 36 0 4 10 46",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "talhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 36 0 4 10 46",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "clivar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kliːv/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kliv/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-cleave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg/En-au-cleave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razcepvam",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "разцепвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "lohkaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "tailler"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "tagliare"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "talhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "clivar"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 40 5 10 0 36",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "tallar"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 31 16 26 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "halkoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 31 16 26 0 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 31 16 26 0 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "tronzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 31 16 26 0 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "ritagliarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 31 16 26 0 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "clivar"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 31 16 26 0 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskályvatʹ",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раска́лывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 31 16 26 0 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskolótʹ",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расколо́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 29 8 35 0 18",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razcepvam",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "разцепвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 29 8 35 0 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "lohkaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 29 8 35 0 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 29 8 35 0 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "scindere"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 29 8 35 0 18",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "clivar"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 29 8 35 0 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "escindir"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 29 8 35 0 18",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "klyva"
}
],
"word": "cleave"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cleven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cleven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kleuban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kleuban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kleubaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kleubaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-",
"t": "to cut, to slice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clive"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clive",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klieven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klieven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "klieben"
},
"expansion": "German klieben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "klyva"
},
"expansion": "Swedish klyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kløyva"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γλύφω",
"3": "",
"4": "carve"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cleven, from the Old English strong verb clēofan (“to split, to separate”), from Proto-West Germanic *kleuban, from Proto-Germanic *kleubaną, from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”).\nDoublet of clive. Cognate with Dutch klieven, dialectal German klieben, Swedish klyva, Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva; also Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cleaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cleave (plural cleaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Technology",
"orig": "en:Technology",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 15 30 4 10 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 17 30 5 9 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 27 3 8 2 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 15 32 6 9 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 27 4 8 2 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cleaver"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Flat, smooth surface produced by cleavage, or any similar surface produced by similar techniques, as in glass."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-noun-yAFgLiLQ",
"links": [
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"glass",
"glass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(technology) Flat, smooth surface produced by cleavage, or any similar surface produced by similar techniques, as in glass."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "cleavage"
},
{
"word": "cleft"
}
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"technology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kliːv/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kliv/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-cleave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg/En-au-cleave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"word": "cleave"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gleybʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cleven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cleven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clifian"
},
"expansion": "Old English clifian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klibēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klibēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klibāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klibāną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clīfan"
},
"expansion": "Old English clīfan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klīban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klīban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klībaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klībaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gleybʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ- (“to stick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kleven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kleven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kleben",
"3": "",
"4": "to stick"
},
"expansion": "German kleben (“to stick”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cleven, a conflation of two verbs: Old English clifian (from Proto-West Germanic *klibēn, from Proto-Germanic *klibāną) and Old English clīfan (from Proto-West Germanic *klīban, from Proto-Germanic *klībaną), both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ- (“to stick”). Cognate with Dutch kleven, German kleben (“to stick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cleaves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cleave (third-person singular simple present cleaves, present participle cleaving, simple past and past participle cleaved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 12 23 3 7 3 4 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 27 4 8 3 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 27 3 8 2 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 25 4 8 3 5 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 27 5 8 3 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 27 4 8 2 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 27 5 8 3 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ruth 1:14:",
"text": "And they lift vp their voyce, and wept againe: and Orpah kissed her mother in law, but Ruth claue vnto her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Kings 3:3:",
"text": "Neuerthelesse, hee cleaued vnto the sinnes of Ieroboam the sonne of Nebat, which made Israel to sinne; he departed not therefrom.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1638 (date written), Quintus Horatius Flaccus [i.e., Horace], translated by Ben Jonson, Q. Horatius Flaccus: His Art of Poetry. […], London: […] J[ohn] Okes, for John Benson […], published 1640, →OCLC, page 2, lines 14–16:",
"text": "Yet not as therefore cruell things ſhould cleave / To gentle; not that vve ſhould Serpents ſee / VVith Doves; or Lambs vvith Tigres coupled be.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, Walter Besant, James Rice, “How Will Would Not Be Crossed”, in The Chaplain of the Fleet […], volume III, London: Chatto and Windus, […], →OCLC, part II (The Queen of the Wells), pages 163–164:",
"text": "He was in such a rage that his tongue clave to the roof of his mouth. He could not even swear. He could only splutter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:",
"text": "\"I only know that I love thee as I never loved before, and that I will cleave to thee to the end.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 December 7, St. Albertus Magnus, On Cleaving to God, Dalcassian Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 5:",
"text": "In fact everyone is obligated, to this loving cleaving to God as necessary for salvation, in the form of observing the commandments and conforming to the divine will,[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Followed by to or unto: to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something."
],
"id": "en-cleave-en-verb-DnrXPq62",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"unto",
"unto"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"cling",
"cling#Verb"
],
[
"stick",
"stick#Verb"
],
[
"fast",
"fast#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) Followed by to or unto: to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yəbeşew",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "йәбешеү"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ostavam veren na",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "оставам верен на"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "klæbe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "kleben"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "haereo"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yapışmak",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "یاپشمق"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kléitʹsʹa",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "клеиться"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kliːv/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kliv/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-cleave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg/En-au-cleave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"word": "cleave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English class 2 strong verbs",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *glewbʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gleybʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Chemical reactions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "autocleave"
},
{
"word": "cleavability"
},
{
"word": "cleavable"
},
{
"word": "cleave gag"
},
{
"word": "miscleave"
},
{
"word": "photocleave"
},
{
"word": "recleave"
},
{
"word": "tocleave"
},
{
"word": "uncleave"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cleven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cleven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kleuban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kleuban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kleubaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kleubaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-",
"t": "to cut, to slice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clive"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clive",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klieven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klieven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "klieben"
},
"expansion": "German klieben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "klyva"
},
"expansion": "Swedish klyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kløyva"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γλύφω",
"3": "",
"4": "carve"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cleven, from the Old English strong verb clēofan (“to split, to separate”), from Proto-West Germanic *kleuban, from Proto-Germanic *kleubaną, from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”).\nDoublet of clive. Cognate with Dutch klieven, dialectal German klieben, Swedish klyva, Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva; also Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cleaves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cleft",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clove",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"UK",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clave",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleft",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cloven",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cleaves",
"2": "cleaving",
"3": "cleft",
"past2": "clove",
"past3": "cleaved",
"past3_qual": "UK",
"past4": "clave",
"past4_qual": "archaic",
"past_ptc2": "cloven",
"past_ptc3": "cleaved",
"past_ptc3_qual": "UK"
},
"expansion": "cleave (third-person singular simple present cleaves, present participle cleaving, simple past cleft or clove or (UK) cleaved or (archaic) clave, past participle cleft or cloven or (UK) cleaved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The wings cleaved the foggy air.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:",
"text": "O Hamlet, thou hast cleft my heart in twain.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 78:15:",
"text": "Hee claue the rockes in the wildernes: and gaue them drinke as out of the great depthes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To split or sever something with, or as if with, a sharp instrument."
],
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"sever",
"sever"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To split or sever something with, or as if with, a sharp instrument."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Mineralogy"
],
"glosses": [
"To break a single crystal (such as a gemstone or semiconductor wafer) along one of its more symmetrical crystallographic planes (often by impact), forming facets on the resulting pieces."
],
"links": [
[
"mineralogy",
"mineralogy"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal"
],
[
"gemstone",
"gemstone"
],
[
"semiconductor",
"semiconductor"
],
[
"wafer",
"wafer"
],
[
"symmetrical",
"symmetrical"
],
[
"crystallographic",
"crystallographic"
],
[
"plane",
"plane"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"facet",
"facet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, mineralogy) To break a single crystal (such as a gemstone or semiconductor wafer) along one of its more symmetrical crystallographic planes (often by impact), forming facets on the resulting pieces."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"geography",
"geology",
"mineralogy",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The truck cleaved a path through the ice.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or accomplish by or as if by cutting."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make or accomplish by or as if by cutting."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"(chemistry) To split (a complex molecule) into simpler molecules."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) (chemistry) To split (a complex molecule) into simpler molecules."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 16:31:",
"text": "And it came to passe as he had made an ende of speaking all these words, that the ground claue asunder that was vnder them:",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To split."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To split."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"en:Mineralogy"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a crystal, to split along a natural plane of division."
],
"links": [
[
"mineralogy",
"mineralogy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, mineralogy) Of a crystal, to split along a natural plane of division."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"geography",
"geology",
"mineralogy",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kliːv/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kliv/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-cleave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg/En-au-cleave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaqqa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "شَقَّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fasaḵa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "فَسَخَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣadaʕa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "صَدَعَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "falaqa",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "فَلَقَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šarama",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "شَرَمَ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "raskólvacʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раско́лваць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "rasščapljácʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "расшчапля́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "rasščapljácʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "расшчапля́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kalócʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кало́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cepja",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "цепя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razcepvam",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "разцепвам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "劈開"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pīkāi",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "劈开"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "proříznout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozetnout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozříznout"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "kløve"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "klieven"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "znzn",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "z:n-z:n-T30"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "halkaista"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"continuative"
],
"word": "halkoa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "partir"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "tallar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "tronzar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fender"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaṗoba",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "გაპობა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gač̣ra",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "გაჭრა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaḳveta",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "გაკვეთა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "spalten"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "skhízō",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "σχίζω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "hasít"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "kljúfa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "láta klofna"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendere"
},
{
"alt": "わる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "waru",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "割る"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jjogaeda",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "쪼개다"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "mākahi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "matakahi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "tīwara"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "kløyve"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "fendasclar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "asclar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "trencar"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "clēofan"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yarmak",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "یارمق"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šaqqe kardan",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "شقه کردن"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "partir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "talhar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "despica"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskályvatʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раска́лывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskolótʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расколо́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrezátʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разреза́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrézatʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разре́зать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rassekátʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "рассека́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasséčʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "рассе́чь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolótʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "коло́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasščepljátʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "расщепля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasščepítʹ",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расщепи́ть"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "bhinatti",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "भिनत्ति"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tṛntte",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "तृन्त्ते"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "hender"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "klyva"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"word": "yarmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozkóljuvaty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розко́лювати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozščépljuvaty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розще́плювати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozščepýty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "розщепи́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kolóty",
"sense": "transitive to split or sever",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "коло́ти"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razcepvam",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "разцепвам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "lohkaista"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "tailler"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "tagliare"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "talhar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "clivar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "transitive mineralogy",
"word": "tallar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "halkoa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "tronzar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "ritagliarsi"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"word": "clivar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskályvatʹ",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раска́лывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskolótʹ",
"sense": "transitive figurative",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расколо́ть"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razcepvam",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "разцепвам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "lohkaista"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "cliver"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "scindere"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "clivar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "escindir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "transitive chemistry",
"word": "klyva"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cepja se",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "цепя се"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozetnout"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "splitsen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "haljeta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "lohjeta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "spaccare"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "fendasclar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "fendre"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "asclar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskályvatʹ",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "раска́лывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskolótʹ",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "расколо́ть"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "klyvas"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "splittras"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "intransitive to split",
"word": "klyva sig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "lohjeta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "tagliare"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "talhar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "intransitive mineralogy",
"word": "clivar"
}
],
"word": "cleave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English class 2 strong verbs",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *glewbʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gleybʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Chemical reactions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cleaver"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cleven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cleven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kleuban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kleuban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kleubaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kleubaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-",
"t": "to cut, to slice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clive"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clive",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klieven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klieven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "klieben"
},
"expansion": "German klieben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "klyva"
},
"expansion": "Swedish klyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kløyva"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γλύφω",
"3": "",
"4": "carve"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cleven, from the Old English strong verb clēofan (“to split, to separate”), from Proto-West Germanic *kleuban, from Proto-Germanic *kleubaną, from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- (“to cut, to slice”).\nDoublet of clive. Cognate with Dutch klieven, dialectal German klieben, Swedish klyva, Norwegian Nynorsk kløyva; also Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “carve”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cleaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cleave (plural cleaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cleavage"
},
{
"word": "cleft"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Technology"
],
"glosses": [
"Flat, smooth surface produced by cleavage, or any similar surface produced by similar techniques, as in glass."
],
"links": [
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"glass",
"glass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(technology) Flat, smooth surface produced by cleavage, or any similar surface produced by similar techniques, as in glass."
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"technology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kliːv/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kliv/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-cleave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg/En-au-cleave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"word": "cleave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English class 2 strong verbs",
"English contranyms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gleybʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"en:Chemical reactions"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gleybʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cleven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cleven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clifian"
},
"expansion": "Old English clifian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klibēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klibēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klibāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klibāną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clīfan"
},
"expansion": "Old English clīfan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klīban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klīban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klībaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klībaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gleybʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ- (“to stick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kleven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kleven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kleben",
"3": "",
"4": "to stick"
},
"expansion": "German kleben (“to stick”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cleven, a conflation of two verbs: Old English clifian (from Proto-West Germanic *klibēn, from Proto-Germanic *klibāną) and Old English clīfan (from Proto-West Germanic *klīban, from Proto-Germanic *klībaną), both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ- (“to stick”). Cognate with Dutch kleven, German kleben (“to stick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cleaves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cleaved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cleave (third-person singular simple present cleaves, present participle cleaving, simple past and past participle cleaved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ruth 1:14:",
"text": "And they lift vp their voyce, and wept againe: and Orpah kissed her mother in law, but Ruth claue vnto her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Kings 3:3:",
"text": "Neuerthelesse, hee cleaued vnto the sinnes of Ieroboam the sonne of Nebat, which made Israel to sinne; he departed not therefrom.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1638 (date written), Quintus Horatius Flaccus [i.e., Horace], translated by Ben Jonson, Q. Horatius Flaccus: His Art of Poetry. […], London: […] J[ohn] Okes, for John Benson […], published 1640, →OCLC, page 2, lines 14–16:",
"text": "Yet not as therefore cruell things ſhould cleave / To gentle; not that vve ſhould Serpents ſee / VVith Doves; or Lambs vvith Tigres coupled be.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, Walter Besant, James Rice, “How Will Would Not Be Crossed”, in The Chaplain of the Fleet […], volume III, London: Chatto and Windus, […], →OCLC, part II (The Queen of the Wells), pages 163–164:",
"text": "He was in such a rage that his tongue clave to the roof of his mouth. He could not even swear. He could only splutter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:",
"text": "\"I only know that I love thee as I never loved before, and that I will cleave to thee to the end.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 December 7, St. Albertus Magnus, On Cleaving to God, Dalcassian Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 5:",
"text": "In fact everyone is obligated, to this loving cleaving to God as necessary for salvation, in the form of observing the commandments and conforming to the divine will,[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Followed by to or unto: to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something."
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to#Preposition"
],
[
"unto",
"unto"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"cling",
"cling#Verb"
],
[
"stick",
"stick#Verb"
],
[
"fast",
"fast#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) Followed by to or unto: to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kliːv/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kliv/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-cleave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg/En-au-cleave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/En-au-cleave.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yəbeşew",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "йәбешеү"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ostavam veren na",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "оставам верен на"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "klæbe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "kleben"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "haereo"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yapışmak",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"word": "یاپشمق"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kléitʹsʹa",
"sense": "to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "клеиться"
}
],
"word": "cleave"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cleave meaning in All languages combined (32.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": impf and pf forms differ in word stress vs. razrézatʹ",
"path": [
"cleave"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cleave",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.