See chronic on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for chronic meaning in All languages combined (25.8kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “prolonged or slow to heal”",
"word": "acute"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “prolonged or slow to heal”",
"word": "transient"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic bee paralysis virus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic bronchitis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic cellular dehydration"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic Covid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic COVID syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic fatigue syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic granulomatous disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic Lyme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic Lyme disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic myeloid leukemia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic suppurative otitis media"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic toxicity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic traumatic encephalopathy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronic wasting disease"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chronical"
},
"expansion": "chronical",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cronike"
},
"expansion": "Old French cronike",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "chronicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin chronicus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χρονικός",
"4": "",
"5": "of time"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χρόνος",
"3": "",
"4": "time"
},
"expansion": "χρόνος (khrónos, “time”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From chronical, from Old French cronike, from Latin chronicus, from Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”), from χρόνος (khrónos, “time”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more chronic",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most chronic",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chronic (comparative more chronic, superlative most chronic)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 4 21 1 2 11 2 4 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 8 17 2 4 13 3 8 7 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 4 15 16 9 17 6 1 6 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 5 14 4 1 7 4 31 7 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Marijuana",
"orig": "en:Marijuana",
"parents": [
"Hemp family plants",
"Recreational drugs",
"Rosales order plants",
"Drugs",
"Plants",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Lifeforms",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "chronic unemployment; chronic poverty; chronic anger; chronic life",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Ruth Harriet Jacobs, Integrating Displaced Homemakers into the Economy, page 14",
"text": "Peer group support is important to displaced homemakers. The Displaced Homemakers' Network has done excellent work in helping women see that their problems do not have to be chronic.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 May 4, Tom English, “Steven Gerrard: A 'seriously clever or recklessly stupid' Rangers appointment”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Chronic mismanagement in the dugout and in the boardroom has meant the scale of the job now is as big as it has ever been.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a problem, that continues over an extended period of time."
],
"id": "en-chronic-en-adj-zjyog407",
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "diuturnal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕawīṣ",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "عَوِيص"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻronik",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "քրոնիկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎlgotraen",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "дълготраен"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prodǎlžitelen",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "продължителен"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronický"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronika"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "langanhaltend"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "andauernd"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "fortwährend"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "Langzeit-"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "dauerhaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"topics": [
"scholarly",
"sciences"
],
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronis"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "cronico"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "manseiteki",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "慢性的"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronik"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chroniczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "cronic"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xroníčeskij",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "хрони́ческий"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 2 7 1 0 4 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronisk"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "chronic cough; chronic headache; chronic illness",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prolonged or slow to heal."
],
"id": "en-chronic-en-adj-cGOcMqY9",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Prolonged or slow to heal."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muzmin",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "مُزْمِن"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻronik",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "քրոնիկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hroničen",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хроничен"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mànxìng",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "慢性"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chronický"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "krooniline"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "kroniḳuli",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "ქრონიკული"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "émmonos",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "ἔμμονος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "krónikus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "idült"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronis"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "cronico"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "manseiteki",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "慢性的"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "sozylmaly",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "созылмалы"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "inveterātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronik"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mozmen",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "مزمن"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "piyâde",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "پیاده"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "przewlekły"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chroniczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "cronic"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xroníčeskij",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хрони́ческий"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "xooçu",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хоочу"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 56 34 2 0 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xroničnyj",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хронічний"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 11 15 19 24 13 1 3 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 5 14 4 1 7 4 31 7 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Marijuana",
"orig": "en:Marijuana",
"parents": [
"Hemp family plants",
"Recreational drugs",
"Rosales order plants",
"Drugs",
"Plants",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Lifeforms",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Chronic patients must learn to live with their condition.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person, suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal."
],
"id": "en-chronic-en-adj-6bVnGH-N",
"links": [
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronis"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronik"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xroníčeskij",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хрони́ческий"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 23 56 2 1 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 11 15 19 24 13 1 3 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He's a chronic smoker.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Inveterate or habitual."
],
"id": "en-chronic-en-adj-aJbaxyHw",
"links": [
[
"Inveterate",
"inveterate"
],
[
"habitual",
"habitual"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "privičen",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "привичен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
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"word": "eingefleischt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
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"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "unverbesserlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
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"word": "cronico"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
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"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "慢性的"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
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"lang": "Latin",
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"word": "chronicum"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
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},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 90 1 1 2",
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"lang": "Spanish",
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"word": "crónico"
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]
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{
"text": "That concert was chronic.",
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[
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[
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[
"serious",
"serious"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Extremely serious."
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"tags": [
"informal"
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},
{
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{
"_dis": "1 0 11 15 19 24 13 1 3 13",
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],
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{
"text": "That was cool, chronic in fact.",
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],
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"Good, great; \"wicked\"."
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"id": "en-chronic-en-adj-lUQtOG4P",
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[
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"wicked"
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"word": "gnarly"
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{
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"tags": [
"Australia"
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"text": "Audio (AU)"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "prolonged"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lasting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "terrible"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "splendid"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "excellent"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From chronical, from Old French cronike, from Latin chronicus, from Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”), from χρόνος (khrónos, “time”).",
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{
"form": "chronics",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 5 14 4 1 7 4 31 7 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Marijuana",
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],
"glosses": [
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"id": "en-chronic-en-noun-d7fosC82",
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[
"Marijuana",
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"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Marijuana, typically of high quality."
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{
"word": "marijuana"
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],
"id": "en-chronic-en-noun-PZapqqc-",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
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[
"inherent",
"inherent"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) A condition of extended duration, either continuous or marked by frequent recurrence. Sometimes implies a condition which worsens with each recurrence, though that is not inherent in the term."
],
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"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
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{
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"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
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{
"ref": "1895, Report of the Committee on Lunacy to the Board of Public Charities of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, page 9",
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"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Elizabeth Wright, A Brief Study Course in Homoeopathy, page 79",
"text": "And then there were the chronics, not only those with marked pathology but life-long sufferers from \"indigestion\" or migraine, who had been passed around from doctor to doctor with nothing but temporary relief.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Philip Bean, Crime: Critical Concepts in Sociology, page 376",
"text": "Of fifty-five boys scoring four or more, fifteen were chronic offenders (out of twenty-three chronics altogether) […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Lawrence W. Farris, Ten Commandments for Pastors New to a Congregation, page 59",
"text": "Most congregations are full of wonderful people, but these chronics are also present in many churches. They come in three varieties -- the chronic havers of personal problems, the chronic complainers, and the chronic workaholics.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Eva Pattis Zoja, Abortion: Loss and Renewal in the Search for Identity, page 18",
"text": "An Italian study (Francescato et al. 1979), which compared 137 women who had had more than one abortion with others who had aborted only once, revealed that the use of contraceptives was higher among the 'chronics', and that the contraceptives they employed were generally safer.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
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"uncountable"
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}
],
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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"word": "chronic"
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{
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{
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"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
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"Rhymes:English/ɒnɪk/2 syllables",
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"derived": [
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"word": "chronic bee paralysis virus"
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{
"word": "chronic bronchitis"
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{
"word": "chronic cellular dehydration"
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{
"word": "chronic Covid"
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{
"word": "chronic COVID syndrome"
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{
"word": "chronic fatigue syndrome"
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{
"word": "chronic granulomatous disease"
},
{
"word": "chronic Lyme"
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{
"word": "chronic Lyme disease"
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{
"word": "chronic myeloid leukemia"
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{
"word": "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"
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{
"word": "chronic suppurative otitis media"
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{
"word": "chronic toxicity"
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{
"word": "chronic traumatic encephalopathy"
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{
"word": "chronic wasting disease"
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],
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"text": "chronic unemployment; chronic poverty; chronic anger; chronic life",
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},
{
"ref": "1980, Ruth Harriet Jacobs, Integrating Displaced Homemakers into the Economy, page 14",
"text": "Peer group support is important to displaced homemakers. The Displaced Homemakers' Network has done excellent work in helping women see that their problems do not have to be chronic.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 May 4, Tom English, “Steven Gerrard: A 'seriously clever or recklessly stupid' Rangers appointment”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Chronic mismanagement in the dugout and in the boardroom has meant the scale of the job now is as big as it has ever been.",
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}
],
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"Of a problem, that continues over an extended period of time."
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"text": "chronic cough; chronic headache; chronic illness",
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"sciences"
]
},
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],
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"text": "Chronic patients must learn to live with their condition.",
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}
],
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],
"links": [
[
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"suffering"
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]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
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{
"text": "He's a chronic smoker.",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Inveterate or habitual."
],
"links": [
[
"Inveterate",
"inveterate"
],
[
"habitual",
"habitual"
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]
},
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"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples"
],
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{
"text": "That concert was chronic.",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Very bad, awful."
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
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"awful"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
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]
},
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"English terms with usage examples"
],
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{
"text": "They left him in a chronic condition.",
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"serious",
"serious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Extremely serious."
],
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"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That was cool, chronic in fact.",
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}
],
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"Good, great; \"wicked\"."
],
"links": [
[
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"wicked"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Good, great; \"wicked\"."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
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},
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"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "diuturnal"
},
{
"word": "prolonged"
},
{
"word": "lasting"
},
{
"sense": "very bad, awful",
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{
"word": "terrible"
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{
"word": "bad"
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{
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{
"word": "splendid"
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{
"word": "excellent"
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{
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"word": "chronick"
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"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
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"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "عَوِيص"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻronik",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "քրոնիկ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎlgotraen",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "дълготраен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prodǎlžitelen",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "продължителен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronický"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronika"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "langanhaltend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "andauernd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "fortwährend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "Langzeit-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "dauerhaft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"topics": [
"scholarly",
"sciences"
],
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronis"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "cronico"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "manseiteki",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "慢性的"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "chronicus"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronik"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chroniczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "cronic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xroníčeskij",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "хрони́ческий"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that continues over an extended period of time",
"word": "kronisk"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muzmin",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "مُزْمِن"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻronik",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "քրոնիկ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hroničen",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хроничен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mànxìng",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "慢性"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chronický"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "krooniline"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "kroniḳuli",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "ქრონიკული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "émmonos",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "ἔμμονος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "krónikus"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "idült"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronis"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "cronico"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "manseiteki",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "慢性的"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "sozylmaly",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "созылмалы"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "inveterātus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronicus"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronik"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mozmen",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "مزمن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "piyâde",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "پیاده"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "przewlekły"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chroniczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "cronic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xroníčeskij",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хрони́ческий"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronisk"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "xooçu",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хоочу"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xroničnyj",
"sense": "medical: prolonged or slow to heal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хронічний"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronis"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "kronik"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xroníčeskij",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "хрони́ческий"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "privičen",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "привичен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "crònic"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "chronisch"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "eingefleischt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "unverbesserlich"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "cronico"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "manseiteki",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "慢性的"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "chronicum"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chronique"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "crónico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inveterate or habitual",
"word": "crónico"
}
],
"word": "chronic"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɒnɪk",
"Rhymes:English/ɒnɪk/2 syllables",
"en:Human behaviour",
"en:Marijuana",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chronical"
},
"expansion": "chronical",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cronike"
},
"expansion": "Old French cronike",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "chronicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin chronicus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χρονικός",
"4": "",
"5": "of time"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χρόνος",
"3": "",
"4": "time"
},
"expansion": "χρόνος (khrónos, “time”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From chronical, from Old French cronike, from Latin chronicus, from Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”), from χρόνος (khrónos, “time”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chronics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "chronic (countable and uncountable, plural chronics)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"Marijuana, typically of high quality."
],
"links": [
[
"Marijuana",
"marijuana"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Marijuana, typically of high quality."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "marijuana"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"A condition of extended duration, either continuous or marked by frequent recurrence. Sometimes implies a condition which worsens with each recurrence, though that is not inherent in the term."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"inherent",
"inherent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) A condition of extended duration, either continuous or marked by frequent recurrence. Sometimes implies a condition which worsens with each recurrence, though that is not inherent in the term."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Report of the Committee on Lunacy to the Board of Public Charities of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, page 9",
"text": "Wernersvill asylum is now practically filled, and, as it is peopled with able-bodied chronics, there will be but little annual movement of patients.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Elizabeth Wright, A Brief Study Course in Homoeopathy, page 79",
"text": "And then there were the chronics, not only those with marked pathology but life-long sufferers from \"indigestion\" or migraine, who had been passed around from doctor to doctor with nothing but temporary relief.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Philip Bean, Crime: Critical Concepts in Sociology, page 376",
"text": "Of fifty-five boys scoring four or more, fifteen were chronic offenders (out of twenty-three chronics altogether) […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Lawrence W. Farris, Ten Commandments for Pastors New to a Congregation, page 59",
"text": "Most congregations are full of wonderful people, but these chronics are also present in many churches. They come in three varieties -- the chronic havers of personal problems, the chronic complainers, and the chronic workaholics.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Eva Pattis Zoja, Abortion: Loss and Renewal in the Search for Identity, page 18",
"text": "An Italian study (Francescato et al. 1979), which compared 137 women who had had more than one abortion with others who had aborted only once, revealed that the use of contraceptives was higher among the 'chronics', and that the contraceptives they employed were generally safer.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is chronic, such as a criminal reoffender or a person with chronic disease."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹɒnɪk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒnɪk"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chronic.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-au-chronic.ogg/En-au-chronic.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-au-chronic.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "chronick"
}
],
"word": "chronic"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"10": "le {{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "not comparable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"7": "",
"8": "le -",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chronic (not comparable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "chronic (not comparable)",
"name": "ia-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Interlingua adjectives",
"Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"Interlingua lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"chronic"
],
"links": [
[
"chronic",
"chronic#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"word": "chronic"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.