"borough" meaning in All languages combined

See borough on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈbʌ.ɹə/ [Received-Pronunciation, Scotland], /ˈbʌɹ.oʊ/ [US] (note: without the hurry–furry merger), /ˈbɝ.oʊ/ (note: US, hurry–furry merger) Audio: En-borough.ogg Forms: boroughs [plural]
Rhymes: -ʌɹə, -ʌɹəʊ Etymology: From Middle English borwe, borgh, burgh, buruh, from Old English burh, from Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”). Cognate with Dutch burcht, German Burg, Swedish borg, French bourg, Turkish burç. Doublet of Brough, burgh, and Bury. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰerǵʰ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|borwe}} Middle English borwe, {{inh|en|ang|burh}} Old English burh, {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*burg}} Proto-West Germanic *burg, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*burgz|t=stronghold, city}} Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”), {{cog|nl|burcht}} Dutch burcht, {{cog|de|Burg}} German Burg, {{cog|sv|borg}} Swedish borg, {{cog|fr|bourg}} French bourg, {{cog|tr|burç}} Turkish burç, {{doublet|en|Brough|burgh|Bury}} Doublet of Brough, burgh, and Bury Head templates: {{en-noun}} borough (plural boroughs)
  1. (obsolete) A fortified town. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-r5NN9b9w
  2. (rare) A town or city. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-pvnhwIP5
  3. A town having a municipal corporation and certain traditional rights. Translations (municipal borough): districte [masculine] (Catalan), 自治市 (zìzhìshì) (Chinese Mandarin), burcht [feminine] (Dutch), borg [feminine] (Faroese), kauppala (Finnish), arrondissement [masculine] (French), concello [masculine] (Galician), municipio [masculine] (Galician), უბანი (ubani) (Georgian), Stadtbezirk [masculine] (German), Quartier [neuter] (German), Burg [feminine] (German), Viertel [neuter] (German), 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 (baurgs) [feminine] (Gothic), borg [feminine] (Icelandic), buirg [feminine] (Irish), rione [masculine] (Italian), borgo [masculine] (Italian), 자치구 (jachigu) (alt: 自治區) (Korean), börch (Limburgish), Borch [German-Low-German, feminine] (Low German), Buorch [German-Low-German, feminine] (Low German), о́пштина (ópština) [feminine] (Macedonian), borg [feminine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), município [masculine] (Portuguese), concelho [masculine] (Portuguese), distrito [masculine] (Portuguese), Burch (Rhine Franconian), го́род (górod) (Russian), bre [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), municipio [masculine] (Spanish), concejo [masculine] (Spanish), borg [common-gender] (Swedish), bwrdeistref [feminine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-Wmp3b086 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Limburgish translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Rhine Franconian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 2 1 23 3 25 21 15 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 3 1 21 4 21 26 16 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 3 2 25 3 22 25 11 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 22 2 22 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 4 1 16 4 23 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 3 1 16 4 24 25 20 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Limburgish translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 1 0 15 2 31 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Rhine Franconian translations: 1 1 15 3 29 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 2 1 16 3 26 27 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7 Disambiguation of 'municipal borough': 4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10
  4. An administrative district in some cities, e.g., London. Translations (administrative district): districte [masculine] (Catalan), (Chinese Mandarin), (zhèn) (Chinese Mandarin), (Chinese Mandarin), (qū) (Chinese Mandarin), borg [common-gender] (Danish), deelraad (Dutch), burcht [feminine] (Dutch), kauppala (Finnish), concello [masculine] (Galician), municipio [masculine] (Galician), რაიონი (raioni) (Georgian), ოლქი (olki) (Georgian), მხარე (mxare) (Georgian), Bezirk [masculine] (German), Gemeinde [feminine] (German), Burg [feminine] (German), brí [feminine] (Irish), (ku) (alt: ) (Japanese), (gu) (alt: ) (Korean), börch (Limburgish), Borch [German-Low-German, feminine] (Low German), Buorch [German-Low-German, feminine] (Low German), ре́он (réon) [masculine] (Macedonian), borg [feminine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), burg (Old High German), município [masculine] (Portuguese), concelho [masculine] (Portuguese), distrito [masculine] (Portuguese), Burch (Rhine Franconian), târg (Romanian), райо́н (rajón) [masculine] (Russian), burgh (Scots), manispaa (Swahili), borg [common-gender] (Swedish), bwrdeistref [feminine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-taaVZugp Disambiguation of 'administrative district': 3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4
  5. An administrative unit of a city which, under most circumstances according to state or national law, would be considered a larger or more powerful entity; most commonly used in American English to define the five counties that make up New York City.
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-gb5597sa Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Faroese translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German Low German translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Gothic translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Limburgish translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Old High German translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Rhine Franconian translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scots translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swahili translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 2 1 23 3 25 21 15 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 3 1 21 4 21 26 16 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 3 2 25 3 22 25 11 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 22 2 22 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 3 1 13 5 33 19 18 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 2 1 13 3 34 23 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 4 1 16 4 23 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Faroese translations: 3 1 14 4 31 19 18 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 3 1 14 4 31 21 17 9 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 3 1 14 4 31 21 17 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 3 1 14 4 31 20 16 10 Disambiguation of Terms with German Low German translations: 3 2 12 5 36 17 16 9 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 3 1 16 4 24 25 20 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Gothic translations: 3 2 14 5 33 18 17 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 3 1 13 5 32 20 18 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 2 1 12 5 38 18 16 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 3 1 13 5 32 20 18 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Limburgish translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 3 1 14 4 30 20 17 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 4 2 13 4 30 19 17 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 1 0 15 2 31 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Old High German translations: 3 1 12 5 36 18 17 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 2 1 15 6 30 19 17 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Rhine Franconian translations: 1 1 15 3 29 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 3 1 14 4 31 21 17 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Scots translations: 2 1 14 4 32 21 19 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 3 1 12 5 34 19 18 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 2 1 16 3 26 27 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Swahili translations: 2 1 13 4 33 20 18 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 2 1 13 4 33 20 18 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7
  6. Other similar administrative units in cities and states in various parts of the world.
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-bfF2MqMJ Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Limburgish translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Rhine Franconian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 2 1 23 3 25 21 15 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 3 1 21 4 21 26 16 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 3 2 25 3 22 25 11 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 22 2 22 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 4 1 16 4 23 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 3 1 16 4 24 25 20 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Limburgish translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 1 0 15 2 31 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Rhine Franconian translations: 1 1 15 3 29 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 2 1 16 3 26 27 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7
  7. A district in Alaska having powers similar to a county. Categories (topical): Administrative divisions
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-5pJ7Uziw Disambiguation of Administrative divisions: 3 2 12 23 9 6 36 8 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Limburgish translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Rhine Franconian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 2 1 23 3 25 21 15 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 3 1 21 4 21 26 16 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 3 2 25 3 22 25 11 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 22 2 22 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 4 1 16 4 23 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 3 1 16 4 24 25 20 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Limburgish translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 1 0 15 2 31 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Rhine Franconian translations: 1 1 15 3 29 25 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 2 1 16 3 26 27 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7
  8. (historical, British, law) An association of men who gave pledges or sureties to the king for the good behaviour of each other. Tags: British, historical Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-borough-en-noun-bW6WT99f Categories (other): British English Topics: law
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: boro (english: some US speakers), bourg, burough, burrow [obsolete] Related terms: Brough, burg, burgh, -bury

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-boro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Boroughbridge"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "borough council"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "borough English"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Borough Green"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "borough hall"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boroughholder"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boroughhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boroughitis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boroughmaster"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boroughmonger"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "borough seat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boroughwide"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Brookeborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "close borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Conwy County Borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "county borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Denali Borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Foxborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Guysborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "interborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Ketchikan Gateway Borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Marlborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "metropolitan borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "multiborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "municipal borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nomination borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Northwest Arctic Borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outer borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "parliamentary borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Peterborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Petersburg Borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pocket borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rotten borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "royal borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "The Borough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "triborough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Woodborough"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "borwe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English borwe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "burh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English burh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*burg"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burg",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*burgz",
        "t": "stronghold, city"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "burcht"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch burcht",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Burg"
      },
      "expansion": "German Burg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "borg"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish borg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "bourg"
      },
      "expansion": "French bourg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "burç"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish burç",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Brough",
        "3": "burgh",
        "4": "Bury"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of Brough, burgh, and Bury",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English borwe, borgh, burgh, buruh, from Old English burh, from Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”).\nCognate with Dutch burcht, German Burg, Swedish borg, French bourg, Turkish burç. Doublet of Brough, burgh, and Bury.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "boroughs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "borough (plural boroughs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bo‧rough"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Brough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "burg"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "burgh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-bury"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A fortified town."
      ],
      "id": "en-borough-en-noun-r5NN9b9w",
      "links": [
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A fortified town."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A town or city."
      ],
      "id": "en-borough-en-noun-pvnhwIP5",
      "links": [
        [
          "city",
          "city"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A town or city."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 23 3 25 21 15 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 21 4 21 26 16 8",
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          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "3 2 25 3 22 25 11 9",
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          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "1 1 22 2 22 26 19 7",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "4 1 16 4 23 26 19 7",
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          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 25 20 7",
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          "name": "Terms with German translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
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          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Limburgish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 15 2 31 25 21 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "1 1 15 3 29 25 21 6",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
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        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 3 26 27 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A town having a municipal corporation and certain traditional rights."
      ],
      "id": "en-borough-en-noun-Wmp3b086",
      "links": [
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "municipal",
          "municipal"
        ],
        [
          "corporation",
          "corporation"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "districte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zìzhìshì",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "word": "自治市"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "burcht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "borg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "word": "kauppala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "arrondissement"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "concello"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "municipio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ubani",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "word": "უბანი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Stadtbezirk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Quartier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Burg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Viertel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "baurgs",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "borg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "buirg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rione"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "borgo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "alt": "自治區",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "jachigu",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "word": "자치구"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "li",
          "lang": "Limburgish",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "word": "börch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Borch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Buorch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "ópština",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "о́пштина"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "borg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "município"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "concelho"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "distrito"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "gmw-rfr",
          "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "word": "Burch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "górod",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "word": "го́род"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bre"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "municipio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "concejo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "borg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 2 29 5 16 19 15 10",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "municipal borough",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bwrdeistref"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
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        {
          "ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
          "text": "The highway to the East Coast which ran through the borough of Ebbfield had always been a main road and even now, despite the vast garages, the pylons and the gaily painted factory glasshouses which had sprung up beside it, there still remained an occasional trace of past cultures.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An administrative district in some cities, e.g., London."
      ],
      "id": "en-borough-en-noun-taaVZugp",
      "links": [
        [
          "administrative",
          "administrative"
        ],
        [
          "district",
          "district"
        ],
        [
          "London",
          "London"
        ]
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "districte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "鎮"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhèn",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "镇"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "區"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "qū",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "区"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "borg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "deelraad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "burcht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "kauppala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "concello"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "municipio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "raioni",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "რაიონი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "olki",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "ოლქი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "mxare",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "მხარე"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Bezirk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gemeinde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Burg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brí"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "alt": "く",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ku",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "区"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "alt": "區",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "gu",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "구"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "li",
          "lang": "Limburgish",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "börch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Borch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Buorch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "réon",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ре́он"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "borg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "goh",
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "burg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "município"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "concelho"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "distrito"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "gmw-rfr",
          "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "Burch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "târg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rajón",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "райо́н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "burgh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "word": "manispaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "borg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 5 40 8 7 31 4",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "administrative district",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bwrdeistref"
        }
      ]
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        {
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      "glosses": [
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      ],
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        {
          "_dis": "2 1 23 3 25 21 15 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 21 4 21 26 16 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 2 25 3 22 25 11 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 22 2 22 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 1 16 4 23 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 25 20 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Limburgish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 15 2 31 25 21 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 15 3 29 25 21 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Rhine Franconian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 3 26 27 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Other similar administrative units in cities and states in various parts of the world."
      ],
      "id": "en-borough-en-noun-bfF2MqMJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "similar",
          "similar"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 23 3 25 21 15 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 21 4 21 26 16 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 2 25 3 22 25 11 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 22 2 22 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 1 16 4 23 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 25 20 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Limburgish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 15 2 31 25 21 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 15 3 29 25 21 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Rhine Franconian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 4 24 26 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 16 3 26 27 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 16 4 24 26 19 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 2 12 23 9 6 36 8",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Administrative divisions",
          "orig": "en:Administrative divisions",
          "parents": [
            "Government",
            "Politics",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A district in Alaska having powers similar to a county."
      ],
      "id": "en-borough-en-noun-5pJ7Uziw",
      "links": [
        [
          "Alaska",
          "Alaska"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An association of men who gave pledges or sureties to the king for the good behaviour of each other."
      ],
      "id": "en-borough-en-noun-bW6WT99f",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "association",
          "association"
        ],
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ],
        [
          "sureties",
          "surety"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, British, law) An association of men who gave pledges or sureties to the king for the good behaviour of each other."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "British",
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌ.ɹə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation",
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌɹ.oʊ/",
      "note": "without the hurry–furry merger",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɝ.oʊ/",
      "note": "US, hurry–furry merger"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-borough.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-borough.ogg/En-borough.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-borough.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "burgh (Received Pronunciation, Scotland)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌɹə"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌɹəʊ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "some US speakers",
      "word": "boro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bourg"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "burough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "burrow"
    }
  ],
  "word": "borough"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Russian translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌɹə",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌɹə/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌɹəʊ",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌɹəʊ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German Low German translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Gothic translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Limburgish translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Old High German translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Rhine Franconian translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scots translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swahili translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Administrative divisions"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-boro"
    },
    {
      "word": "-borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Boroughbridge"
    },
    {
      "word": "borough council"
    },
    {
      "word": "borough English"
    },
    {
      "word": "Borough Green"
    },
    {
      "word": "borough hall"
    },
    {
      "word": "boroughholder"
    },
    {
      "word": "boroughhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "boroughitis"
    },
    {
      "word": "boroughmaster"
    },
    {
      "word": "boroughmonger"
    },
    {
      "word": "borough seat"
    },
    {
      "word": "boroughwide"
    },
    {
      "word": "Brookeborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "close borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Conwy County Borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "county borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Denali Borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Foxborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Guysborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "interborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ketchikan Gateway Borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Marlborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "metropolitan borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "multiborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "municipal borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "nomination borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Northwest Arctic Borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "outer borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "parliamentary borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Peterborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Petersburg Borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "pocket borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "rotten borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "royal borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "The Borough"
    },
    {
      "word": "triborough"
    },
    {
      "word": "Woodborough"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "borwe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English borwe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "burh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English burh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*burg"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burg",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*burgz",
        "t": "stronghold, city"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "burcht"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch burcht",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Burg"
      },
      "expansion": "German Burg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "borg"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish borg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "bourg"
      },
      "expansion": "French bourg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "burç"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish burç",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Brough",
        "3": "burgh",
        "4": "Bury"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of Brough, burgh, and Bury",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English borwe, borgh, burgh, buruh, from Old English burh, from Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”).\nCognate with Dutch burcht, German Burg, Swedish borg, French bourg, Turkish burç. Doublet of Brough, burgh, and Bury.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "boroughs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "borough (plural boroughs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bo‧rough"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Brough"
    },
    {
      "word": "burg"
    },
    {
      "word": "burgh"
    },
    {
      "word": "-bury"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fortified town."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A fortified town."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A town or city."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "city",
          "city"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A town or city."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A town having a municipal corporation and certain traditional rights."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "municipal",
          "municipal"
        ],
        [
          "corporation",
          "corporation"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
          "text": "The highway to the East Coast which ran through the borough of Ebbfield had always been a main road and even now, despite the vast garages, the pylons and the gaily painted factory glasshouses which had sprung up beside it, there still remained an occasional trace of past cultures.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An administrative district in some cities, e.g., London."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "administrative",
          "administrative"
        ],
        [
          "district",
          "district"
        ],
        [
          "London",
          "London"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An administrative unit of a city which, under most circumstances according to state or national law, would be considered a larger or more powerful entity; most commonly used in American English to define the five counties that make up New York City."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unit",
          "unit"
        ],
        [
          "city",
          "city"
        ],
        [
          "New York City",
          "New York City"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Other similar administrative units in cities and states in various parts of the world."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "similar",
          "similar"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A district in Alaska having powers similar to a county."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Alaska",
          "Alaska"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "en:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An association of men who gave pledges or sureties to the king for the good behaviour of each other."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "association",
          "association"
        ],
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ],
        [
          "sureties",
          "surety"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, British, law) An association of men who gave pledges or sureties to the king for the good behaviour of each other."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "British",
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌ.ɹə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation",
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌɹ.oʊ/",
      "note": "without the hurry–furry merger",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɝ.oʊ/",
      "note": "US, hurry–furry merger"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-borough.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-borough.ogg/En-borough.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-borough.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "burgh (Received Pronunciation, Scotland)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌɹə"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌɹəʊ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "some US speakers",
      "word": "boro"
    },
    {
      "word": "bourg"
    },
    {
      "word": "burough"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "burrow"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "districte"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "鎮"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhèn",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "镇"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "區"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qū",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "区"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "borg"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "deelraad"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "burcht"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "kauppala"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "concello"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "municipio"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "raioni",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "რაიონი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "olki",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "ოლქი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "mxare",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "მხარე"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Bezirk"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gemeinde"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Burg"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brí"
    },
    {
      "alt": "く",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ku",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "区"
    },
    {
      "alt": "區",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "gu",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "구"
    },
    {
      "code": "li",
      "lang": "Limburgish",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "börch"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Borch"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Buorch"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "réon",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ре́он"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "borg"
    },
    {
      "code": "goh",
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "burg"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "município"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "concelho"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "distrito"
    },
    {
      "code": "gmw-rfr",
      "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "Burch"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "târg"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rajón",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "райо́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "burgh"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "word": "manispaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "borg"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "administrative district",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bwrdeistref"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "districte"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zìzhìshì",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "word": "自治市"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "burcht"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "borg"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "word": "kauppala"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "arrondissement"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "concello"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "municipio"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ubani",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "word": "უბანი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Stadtbezirk"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Quartier"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Burg"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Viertel"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "baurgs",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "borg"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "buirg"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rione"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "borgo"
    },
    {
      "alt": "自治區",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "jachigu",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "word": "자치구"
    },
    {
      "code": "li",
      "lang": "Limburgish",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "word": "börch"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Borch"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Buorch"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "ópština",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "о́пштина"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "borg"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "município"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "concelho"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "distrito"
    },
    {
      "code": "gmw-rfr",
      "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "word": "Burch"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "górod",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "word": "го́род"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bre"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "municipio"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "concejo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "borg"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "municipal borough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bwrdeistref"
    }
  ],
  "word": "borough"
}

Download raw JSONL data for borough meaning in All languages combined (15.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.