See -gen on Wiktionary
{
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"kind": "other",
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{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Element nomenclature",
"orig": "en:Element nomenclature",
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"examples": [
{
"text": "mutagen ― an agent that gives rise to mutations"
},
{
"text": "tormogen ― a cell that forms a socket"
}
],
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"A producer of something, or an agent in the production of something."
],
"id": "en--gen-en-suffix-mjFG72J3",
"links": [
[
"producer",
"producer"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "gene"
},
{
"word": "genesis"
},
{
"word": "genetic"
},
{
"word": "-gene"
},
{
"word": "-genic"
},
{
"word": "-genous"
},
{
"word": "-geny"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-gen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-geeni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-gène"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-gen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-gén"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-gin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-geno"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "so",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "素"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-zā",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "زا"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-gen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-génio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-gênio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-geno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-geno"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-jen"
}
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
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],
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]
}
],
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"-gen"
],
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"-gen",
"-gen#English"
]
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],
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{
"form": "-gena",
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]
},
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}
],
"glosses": [
"(substance) that causes what the first term denotes"
],
"id": "en--gen-da-suffix-qO1uFudO",
"links": [
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(adjectives and nouns) (substance) that causes what the first term denotes"
],
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"adjective",
"morpheme",
"noun"
]
}
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}
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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],
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"future tense suffix"
],
"id": "en--gen-grt-suffix-Ha16iimG",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandi"
],
"word": "-noa"
}
],
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]
}
],
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}
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},
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}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Männgen"
},
{
"word": "Städtgen"
},
{
"word": "Weibgen"
},
{
"word": "Wölkgen"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en--gen-de-suffix-0xQpPZIg",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
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{
"alt": "-ken",
"word": "-chen"
},
{
"alt": "-erl, -le",
"word": "-lein"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/ɡən/"
}
],
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"5": "producer of"
},
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"name": "der"
}
],
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{
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"1": "de",
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},
"expansion": "-gen",
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{
"glosses": [
"A producer of something"
],
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"producer",
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]
],
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"_dis1": "68 32",
"word": "Genus"
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}
],
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],
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}
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],
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],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of げん"
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[
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],
[
"げん",
"げん#Japanese"
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}
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"2": "grc",
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],
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"tags": [
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{
"_dis": "2 6 1 6 9 16 4 0 4 8 17 1 2 1 2 17 1 3",
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"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 8 14 6 0 6 8 15 1 2 1 2 15 1 4",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
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],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
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],
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"text": "oksigen",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"id": "en--gen-ms-suffix-lqeGr0Ot",
"links": [
[
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"-gen#English"
]
],
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],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-d͡ʒən]",
"note": "English-based"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɡən]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
}
],
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}
{
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"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
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"name": "der"
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"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
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"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-gen n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming nouns"
],
"id": "en--gen-nb-suffix-35qRiWH6",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming adjectives"
],
"id": "en--gen-nn-suffix-hxD5nE7E",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-gen n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming nouns"
],
"id": "en--gen-nn-suffix-35qRiWH6",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lbor",
"3": "grc>-γενής>adjective suffix",
"id": "producer",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nPolish -gen",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nPolish -gen\nLearned borrowing from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-gen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-geny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-gen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-geny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-geny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "-gen m inan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 1 6 9 16 4 0 4 8 17 1 2 1 2 17 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 8 14 6 0 6 8 15 1 2 1 2 15 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alergia + -gen → alergen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-gen"
],
"id": "en--gen-pl-suffix-lqeGr0Ot",
"links": [
[
"-gen",
"-gen#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-genia"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
},
{
"homophone": "gen"
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γωνία"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-gone"
},
"expansion": "French -gone",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía), possibly through French -gone.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "tr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"having sides; -gon"
],
"id": "en--gen-tr-suffix-HZaLnGvR",
"links": [
[
"-gon",
"-gon"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"class": "floatright very-narrow",
"palette": "red",
"title": "-"
},
"expansion": "{| class=\"inflection-table \"",
"name": "inflection-table-top"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|}",
"name": "inflection-table-bottom"
},
{
"args": {
"a": "an",
"e": "en",
"t": "g"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "tr-suffix-forms"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-gan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *-gan, *-gen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gez- (“to wander, to go about”) + -egen → gezegen (“planet”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "çekin- (“to abstain, to hesitate”) + -gen → çekingen (“shy, reserved”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "çalış- (“to work, to study”) + -kan → çalışkan (“hardworking”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-gan after the vowels E"
},
{
"word": "İ"
},
{
"word": "Ö"
},
{
"word": "Ü"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -gan after the vowels E / İ / Ö / Ü."
],
"id": "en--gen-tr-suffix-mmS3uAXB",
"links": [
[
"-gan",
"-gan#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɟen/"
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan adjective-forming suffixes",
"Catalan countable suffixes",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine suffixes",
"Catalan noun-forming suffixes",
"Catalan suffixes",
"Catalan suffixes with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms borrowed from French",
"Catalan terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Catalan terms derived from French",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French -gène",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French -gène, from the Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-gens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "-gen m (noun-forming suffix, plural -gens)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-gen"
],
"links": [
[
"-gen",
"-gen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan adjective-forming suffixes",
"Catalan countable suffixes",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine suffixes",
"Catalan noun-forming suffixes",
"Catalan suffixes",
"Catalan suffixes with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms borrowed from French",
"Catalan terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Catalan terms derived from French",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French -gène",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French -gène, from the Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-gena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-gens",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-gen (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -gena, masculine plural -gens, feminine plural -genes)",
"name": "ca-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "gen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-genic"
],
"links": [
[
"-genic",
"-genic#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish noun-forming suffixes",
"Danish suffixes",
"Danish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Danish terms derived from French",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs). Only in borrowed words.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"of a certain kind (adjectives)"
],
"links": [
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish noun-forming suffixes",
"Danish suffixes",
"Danish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Danish terms derived from French",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs). Only in borrowed words.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"(substance) that causes what the first term denotes"
],
"links": [
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(adjectives and nouns) (substance) that causes what the first term denotes"
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"morpheme",
"noun"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French -gène, from the Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "gene"
},
{
"word": "genesis"
},
{
"word": "genetic"
},
{
"word": "-gene"
},
{
"word": "-genic"
},
{
"word": "-genous"
},
{
"word": "-geny"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Element nomenclature"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "mutagen ― an agent that gives rise to mutations"
},
{
"text": "tormogen ― a cell that forms a socket"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A producer of something, or an agent in the production of something."
],
"links": [
[
"producer",
"producer"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-gen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-geeni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-gène"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-gen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-gén"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-gin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-geno"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "so",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "素"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-zā",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "زا"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-gen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-génio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-gênio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-geno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-geno"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "producer of something",
"word": "-jen"
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Garo",
"lang_code": "grt",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandi"
],
"word": "-noa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Garo entries with incorrect language header",
"Garo lemmas",
"Garo suffixes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"future tense suffix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"German diminutive suffixes",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter suffixes",
"German noun-forming suffixes",
"German suffixes",
"German terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Männgen"
},
{
"word": "Städtgen"
},
{
"word": "Weibgen"
},
{
"word": "Wölkgen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-gen n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"used to make diminutives (especially in the 18th century)"
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "-ken",
"word": "-chen"
},
{
"alt": "-erl, -le",
"word": "-lein"
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"German diminutive suffixes",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German suffixes",
"German terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής",
"4": "",
"5": "producer of"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs, “producer of”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs, “producer of”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "Genus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A producer of something"
],
"links": [
[
"producer",
"producer"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"producing something"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡeːn/"
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "げん"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of げん"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"げん",
"げん#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "en",
"3": "-gen",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from English -gen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formerly spelt as -jan, borrowed from English -gen, from French -gène, from the Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـݢن",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ـݢن"
},
"expansion": "-gen (Jawi spelling ـݢن)",
"name": "ms-suffix"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-gen"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay suffixes",
"Malay terms borrowed from English",
"Malay terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Malay terms derived from English",
"Malay terms derived from French",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Malay terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"Malay terms with usage examples",
"Malay unproductive suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "oxygen",
"text": "oksigen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-gen"
],
"links": [
[
"-gen",
"-gen#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) -gen"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-d͡ʒən]",
"note": "English-based"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɡən]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-gen n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-gène"
},
"expansion": "French -gène",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-gen n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lbor",
"3": "grc>-γενής>adjective suffix",
"id": "producer",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nPolish -gen",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-γενής"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nPolish -gen\nLearned borrowing from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-gen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-geny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-gen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-geny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-genach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-genie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-geny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "-gen m inan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-genia"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate suffixes",
"Polish learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛn",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛn/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alergia + -gen → alergen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-gen"
],
"links": [
[
"-gen",
"-gen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
},
{
"homophone": "gen"
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γωνία"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-gone"
},
"expansion": "French -gone",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía), possibly through French -gone.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "tr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"having sides; -gon"
],
"links": [
[
"-gon",
"-gon"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"class": "floatright very-narrow",
"palette": "red",
"title": "-"
},
"expansion": "{| class=\"inflection-table \"",
"name": "inflection-table-top"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|}",
"name": "inflection-table-bottom"
},
{
"args": {
"a": "an",
"e": "en",
"t": "g"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "tr-suffix-forms"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-gan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *-gan, *-gen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-gen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gez- (“to wander, to go about”) + -egen → gezegen (“planet”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "çekin- (“to abstain, to hesitate”) + -gen → çekingen (“shy, reserved”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "çalış- (“to work, to study”) + -kan → çalışkan (“hardworking”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-gan after the vowels E"
},
{
"word": "İ"
},
{
"word": "Ö"
},
{
"word": "Ü"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -gan after the vowels E / İ / Ö / Ü."
],
"links": [
[
"-gan",
"-gan#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɟen/"
}
],
"word": "-gen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -gen meaning in All languages combined (22.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-gen"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-gen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-gen"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-gen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: A·chik",
"path": [
"-gen"
],
"section": "Garo",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-gen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.