See -ος on Wiktionary
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"name": "etymon"
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"id": "thematic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os. Cognate with the Latin masculine -us (from Old Latin and Proto-Italic *-os both in names and adjectives).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
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"romanization"
]
},
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"form": "-ου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
}
],
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{
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"3": "second"
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"Added to verbal roots to form an o-grade action noun."
],
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"grc:o-grade"
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-os.",
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{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-εος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ους",
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"genitive"
]
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"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
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"table-tags"
]
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"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ος",
"roman": "-os",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ει",
"roman": "-ei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-η",
"roman": "-ē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ους",
"roman": "-ous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-οῖν",
"roman": "-oîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ῶν",
"roman": "-ôn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ει",
"roman": "-ei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-οῖν",
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"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-εσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-εσῐν",
"source": "declension",
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"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esĭn",
"source": "declension",
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"dative",
"plural"
]
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"form": "-η",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ος",
"roman": "-os",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ει",
"roman": "-ei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
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"form": "-η",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"text": "ἔπᾰθον (épăthon, “I experienced”, aorist) + -ος (-os) → πᾰ́θος (pắthos, “experience, emotion”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.",
"Added to the zero-grade."
],
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"tags": [
"declension-3",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "μείρομαι (meíromai, “to receive as one's portion”) + -ος (-os) → μέρος (méros, “part”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.",
"Added to the e-grade."
],
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"declension-3",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
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],
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{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ος",
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
"roman": "-ō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-οι",
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ου",
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"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-οιν",
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"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ων",
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"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ῳ",
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"dative",
"singular"
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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"singular"
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},
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"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ε",
"roman": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
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"dual",
"vocative"
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},
{
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}
],
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{
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{
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{
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],
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{
"text": "ἄνθρωπος m or f (ánthrōpos, “person”)"
}
],
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{
"word": "masculine and feminine second-declension nouns"
}
],
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"Nominative singular of masculine and feminine second-declension nouns"
],
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[
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"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension"
]
],
"tags": [
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"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄλλος m (állos, “other”)"
}
],
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{
"word": "first- and second-declension adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine nominative singular of first- and second-declension adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-DLaVg4yx",
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[
"first-",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek first declension"
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"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension"
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],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄδικος m or f (ádikos, “unjust”)"
}
],
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{
"word": "second-declension adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine and feminine nominative singular of second-declension adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-unhSgytE",
"links": [
[
"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension"
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],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ὀνόματος n (onómatos, “of a name”)"
}
],
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{
"word": "consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension nouns"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension nouns"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-H3jSrST3",
"links": [
[
"third-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek third declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "παντός m or n (pantós, “of the whole of”)"
}
],
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{
"word": "consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension masculine or neuter adjectives"
}
],
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"Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension masculine or neuter adjectives"
],
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[
"third-declension",
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],
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}
],
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}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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"sense": "Masculine nouns — numbers indicate the current frequencies found on Wiktionary",
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},
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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},
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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},
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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},
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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{
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},
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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},
{
"_dis1": "27 27 27 20",
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],
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}
],
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{
"text": "eg: δρόμος (drómos), καλόγερος (kalógeros), etc"
}
],
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"An ending found in nouns",
"In nominative singular form of many masculine nouns"
],
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"tags": [
"morpheme"
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{
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{
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"_dis": "26 26 26 23",
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{
"_dis1": "20 53 20 7",
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{
"_dis1": "20 53 20 7",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "20 53 20 7",
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],
"examples": [
{
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],
"glosses": [
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"In nominative singular form of few feminine nouns"
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"tags": [
"morpheme"
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},
{
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{
"_dis1": "19 19 54 7",
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},
{
"_dis1": "19 19 54 7",
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"word": "δάσος"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 19 54 7",
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},
{
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},
{
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"sense": "Neuter nouns",
"word": "θέρος"
},
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],
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"3": "*-os",
"id": "thematic"
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],
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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"plural"
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},
{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
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},
{
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"vocative"
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},
{
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}
],
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"3": "third",
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],
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"2": "-ους"
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],
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{
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"type": "example"
}
],
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"Added to the zero-grade."
],
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"declension-3",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "μείρομαι (meíromai, “to receive as one's portion”) + -ος (-os) → μέρος (méros, “part”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.",
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}
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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"genitive"
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},
{
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"plural"
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},
{
"form": "-ῳ",
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"singular"
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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"vocative"
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},
{
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},
{
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],
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{
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],
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],
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],
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],
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],
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},
{
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{
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],
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{
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],
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[
"third-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek third declension"
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],
"tags": [
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"genitive",
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},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "παντός m or n (pantós, “of the whole of”)"
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],
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],
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],
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"genitive",
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}
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},
{
"roman": "used by, :Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek nouns declining like 'θέρος'",
"sense": "Neuter nouns",
"word": "θέρος"
},
{
"roman": "used by, :Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek nouns declining like 'κύτος'",
"sense": "Neuter nouns",
"word": "κύτος"
},
{
"roman": "used by, :Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek nouns declining like 'μίσος'",
"sense": "Neuter nouns",
"word": "μίσος"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-η-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-η-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-α-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-α-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-α-ο-2",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-α-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-α-ο-3",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-α-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-η-α-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-η"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-η-α-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "α-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ια-η-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-ια"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ια-η-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "η-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ια-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-ια-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ος-α-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-ος"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ος-α-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "α-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ος-η-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-ος"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ος-η-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "η-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ος-ο",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-ος-ο"
},
{
"roman": ":Template:PAGESINCAT:Greek adjectives in declension ος-ος-ον",
"sense": "Adjectives",
"word": "-ος-ος-ον"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-ος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek -ος (-os).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os)",
"name": "el-ending"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "eg: δρόμος (drómos), καλόγερος (kalógeros), etc"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ending found in nouns",
"In nominative singular form of many masculine nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "eg: μήφος (mífos), διάμετρος (diámetros), etc"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ending found in nouns",
"In nominative singular form of few feminine nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "eg: δάσος (dásos), έδαφος (édafos), etc"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ending found in nouns",
"In nominative, accusative and vocative singular forms of few neuter nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An ending found in the majority of adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ος meaning in All languages combined (17.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.