See 自然 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to cherish nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "àihù zìrán",
"text": "愛護自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to cherish nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "àihù zìrán",
"text": "爱护自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to get close to nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "qīnjìn zìrán",
"text": "親近自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to get close to nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "qīnjìn zìrán",
"text": "亲近自然",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nature; the natural world"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-noun-mG9lDknp",
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"world",
"world"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"sense": "nature",
"word": "自然界"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 14 28 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "natural beauty",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "zìrán měilì",
"text": "自然美麗",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "natural beauty",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "zìrán měilì",
"text": "自然美丽",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural; of or relating to nature"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adj-Xxrn2WZo",
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"roman": "tiānrán",
"sense": "of or relating to nature",
"word": "天然"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 14 28 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural; at ease; without strain"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adj-QIlTzRB1",
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"at ease",
"at ease"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "樸素"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "朴素"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 14 28 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"naturally; in a natural manner"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adv-x7B8VfBZ",
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 14 28 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"naturally; of course; as a matter of course"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adv-eyg7gmfJ",
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"of course",
"of course"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "當然"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "当然"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"roman": "gùrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "固然"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗係"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗系"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "實"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "实"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "自不然"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在勢"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 83",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在势"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 12 6 13 55 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùzìrán",
"word": "不自然"
},
{
"word": "人口自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "功到自然成"
},
{
"roman": "dàzìrán",
"word": "大自然"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心靜自然涼"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心静自然凉"
},
{
"word": "渾樸自然"
},
{
"word": "浑朴自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "習慣成自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "习惯成自然"
},
{
"word": "聽其自然"
},
{
"word": "听其自然"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主義"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主义"
},
{
"roman": "zìránrén",
"word": "自然人"
},
{
"word": "自然保留區"
},
{
"word": "自然保留区"
},
{
"word": "自然保育"
},
{
"word": "自然保護"
},
{
"word": "自然保护"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保護區"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保护区"
},
{
"word": "自然免疫"
},
{
"word": "自然分類"
},
{
"word": "自然分类"
},
{
"word": "自然利率"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlì",
"word": "自然力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránhuà",
"word": "自然化"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshǐ",
"word": "自然史"
},
{
"word": "自然堤"
},
{
"word": "自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "自然律"
},
{
"word": "自然接種"
},
{
"word": "自然接种"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然數"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然数"
},
{
"word": "自然景觀"
},
{
"word": "自然景观"
},
{
"roman": "zìráncūn",
"word": "自然村"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlín",
"word": "自然林"
},
{
"word": "自然步道"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán sǐwáng",
"word": "自然死亡"
},
{
"roman": "zìránduàn",
"word": "自然段"
},
{
"word": "自然殺傷細胞"
},
{
"word": "自然杀伤细胞"
},
{
"word": "自然汞"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán táotài",
"word": "自然淘汰"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然災害"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然灾害"
},
{
"word": "自然營力"
},
{
"word": "自然营力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránwù",
"word": "自然物"
},
{
"word": "自然率"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然現象"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然现象"
},
{
"word": "自然生態"
},
{
"word": "自然生态"
},
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"word": "自然界"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神論"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神论"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科學"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科学"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然經濟"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然经济"
},
{
"word": "自然美"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán'érrán",
"word": "自然而然"
},
{
"word": "自然背景輻射"
},
{
"word": "自然背景辐射"
},
{
"word": "自然蛾眉"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然規律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然规律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然語言處理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然语言处理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然資源"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然资源"
},
{
"word": "自然輸入法"
},
{
"word": "自然输入法"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然选择"
},
{
"word": "自然金"
},
{
"word": "自然銀"
},
{
"word": "自然银"
},
{
"word": "自然銅"
},
{
"word": "自然铜"
},
{
"word": "自然鐵"
},
{
"word": "自然铁"
},
{
"word": "自然音程"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到橋頭自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到桥头自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chāozìrán",
"word": "超自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "順其自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "顺其自然"
}
],
"glosses": [
"admittedly"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-conj-MddllFkW",
"links": [
[
"admittedly",
"admittedly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "自然な",
"roman": "shizen na",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "自然に",
"roman": "shizen ni",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "自然で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "自然なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "自然であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "自然なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "自然に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "自然さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "shizensa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん",
"infl": "な"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) • (shizen) -na (adnominal 自(し)然(ぜん)な (shizen na), adverbial 自(し)然(ぜん)に (shizen ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "しぜん",
"lemma": "自然",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 0 0 0 32 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-adj-EnZSldtP",
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 0 0 0 32 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spontaneous"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-adj-D9GdRJM2",
"links": [
[
"spontaneous",
"spontaneous"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕizẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん",
"opt": "to:ni"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) • (shizen) (optionally as 自(し)然(ぜん)と (shizen to), optionally as 自(し)然(ぜん)に (shizen ni))",
"name": "ja-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"naturally"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-adv-paCHUkjx",
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spontaneously"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-adv-xEARWAk9",
"links": [
[
"spontaneously",
"spontaneously"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rarely"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-adv-buDjXzrO",
"links": [
[
"rarely",
"rarely"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 14 13 14 49 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese adverbs optionally taking と-to",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 14 13 14 49 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese adverbs optionally taking に-ni",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 3 1 0 0 62 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 5 2 0 0 39 5 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 5 1 0 0 47 5 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 17 0 0 0 32 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 4 1 0 0 52 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"coincidentally"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-adv-OJwiRy4b",
"links": [
[
"coincidentally",
"coincidentally"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕizẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) • (shizen)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "heaven and earth",
"roman": "tenchi",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
]
],
"word": "天地"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the universe",
"roman": "uchū",
"ruby": [
[
"宇",
"う"
],
[
"宙",
"ちゅう"
]
],
"word": "宇宙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the world",
"roman": "sekai",
"ruby": [
[
"世",
"せ"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "世界"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "all things, all of the universe, every manifestation of nature",
"roman": "banshō",
"ruby": [
[
"万",
"ばん"
],
[
"象",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "万象"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "all things, all of the universe, every manifestation of nature",
"roman": "banbutsu",
"ruby": [
[
"万",
"ばん"
],
[
"物",
"ぶつ"
]
],
"word": "万物"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 0 0 0 32 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
78,
85
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
37,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
23
]
],
"english": "As they awakened, the Eldrazi reasserted their mastery over all of Zendikar’s natural forces.",
"ref": "2016 April 23, “重(じゅう)力(りょく)の変(へん)容(よう) [Gravitational Shift]”, in エルドラージ覚醒 [Eldrazi Awakening], Wizards of the Coast:",
"roman": "Erudorāji wa mezameru to, Zendikā no shizen no seiryoku subete ni taishite onore no shihai o hitatabi shirashimeyō to shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"目",
"め"
],
[
"覚",
"ざ"
],
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
],
[
"勢",
"せい"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
],
[
"全",
"すべ"
],
[
"対",
"たい"
],
[
"己",
"おのれ"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"配",
"はい"
],
[
"再",
"ひたた"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "エルドラージは目覚めると、ゼンディカーの自然の勢力全てに対して己の支配を再び知らしめようとした。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nature"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-noun-Vperynox",
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 0 0 0 32 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spontaneity"
],
"id": "en-自然-ja-noun-rF4jtFUo",
"links": [
[
"spontaneity",
"spontaneity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕizẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jayeon",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "자연",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "자연"
},
"expansion": "自然 • (jayeon) (hangeul 자연)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "nature",
"word": "자연"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 자연 (“nature”)"
],
"id": "en-自然-ko-noun-6Pi~vxuU",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"자연",
"자연#Korean"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "自然",
"tr": "shizen"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 自然 (shizen)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Japanese 自然 (shizen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shijin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しじん",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "しじん"
},
"expansion": "自然(しじん) (shijin)",
"name": "ryu-head"
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 2 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 1 1 23 41 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 1 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 1 1 18 32 5 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nature"
],
"id": "en-自然-ryu-noun-Vperynox",
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 27 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese adverbs in Han script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 34 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tự nhiên (“nature”)."
],
"id": "en-自然-vi-noun-A6N8uybU",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tự nhiên",
"tự nhiên#Vietnamese:_自然"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 34 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tự nhiên (“natural”)."
],
"id": "en-自然-vi-adj-jKVzJrEq",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tự nhiên",
"tự nhiên#Vietnamese:_自然"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "vi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 51 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 34 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tự nhiên (“naturally”)."
],
"id": "en-自然-vi-adv-~AkxesXD",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tự nhiên",
"tự nhiên#Vietnamese:_自然"
],
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms spelled with 自",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese adverbs",
"Middle Chinese conjunctions",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese adjectives",
"Old Chinese adverbs",
"Old Chinese conjunctions",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to cherish nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "àihù zìrán",
"text": "愛護自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to cherish nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "àihù zìrán",
"text": "爱护自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to get close to nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "qīnjìn zìrán",
"text": "親近自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to get close to nature",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "qīnjìn zìrán",
"text": "亲近自然",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nature; the natural world"
],
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"world",
"world"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"sense": "nature",
"word": "自然界"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms spelled with 自",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese adverbs",
"Middle Chinese conjunctions",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese adjectives",
"Old Chinese adverbs",
"Old Chinese conjunctions",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "natural beauty",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "zìrán měilì",
"text": "自然美麗",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "natural beauty",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "zìrán měilì",
"text": "自然美丽",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural; of or relating to nature"
],
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"natural; at ease; without strain"
],
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"at ease",
"at ease"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tiānrán",
"sense": "of or relating to nature",
"word": "天然"
},
{
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "樸素"
},
{
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "朴素"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms spelled with 自",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese adverbs",
"Middle Chinese conjunctions",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese adjectives",
"Old Chinese adverbs",
"Old Chinese conjunctions",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"naturally; in a natural manner"
],
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"naturally; of course; as a matter of course"
],
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"of course",
"of course"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "當然"
},
{
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "当然"
},
{
"roman": "gùrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "固然"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗係"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗系"
},
{
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "實"
},
{
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "实"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "自不然"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在勢"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在势"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms spelled with 自",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese adverbs",
"Middle Chinese conjunctions",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese adjectives",
"Old Chinese adverbs",
"Old Chinese conjunctions",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùzìrán",
"word": "不自然"
},
{
"word": "人口自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "功到自然成"
},
{
"roman": "dàzìrán",
"word": "大自然"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心靜自然涼"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心静自然凉"
},
{
"word": "渾樸自然"
},
{
"word": "浑朴自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "習慣成自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "习惯成自然"
},
{
"word": "聽其自然"
},
{
"word": "听其自然"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主義"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主义"
},
{
"roman": "zìránrén",
"word": "自然人"
},
{
"word": "自然保留區"
},
{
"word": "自然保留区"
},
{
"word": "自然保育"
},
{
"word": "自然保護"
},
{
"word": "自然保护"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保護區"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保护区"
},
{
"word": "自然免疫"
},
{
"word": "自然分類"
},
{
"word": "自然分类"
},
{
"word": "自然利率"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlì",
"word": "自然力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránhuà",
"word": "自然化"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshǐ",
"word": "自然史"
},
{
"word": "自然堤"
},
{
"word": "自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "自然律"
},
{
"word": "自然接種"
},
{
"word": "自然接种"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然數"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然数"
},
{
"word": "自然景觀"
},
{
"word": "自然景观"
},
{
"roman": "zìráncūn",
"word": "自然村"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlín",
"word": "自然林"
},
{
"word": "自然步道"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán sǐwáng",
"word": "自然死亡"
},
{
"roman": "zìránduàn",
"word": "自然段"
},
{
"word": "自然殺傷細胞"
},
{
"word": "自然杀伤细胞"
},
{
"word": "自然汞"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán táotài",
"word": "自然淘汰"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然災害"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然灾害"
},
{
"word": "自然營力"
},
{
"word": "自然营力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránwù",
"word": "自然物"
},
{
"word": "自然率"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然現象"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然现象"
},
{
"word": "自然生態"
},
{
"word": "自然生态"
},
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"word": "自然界"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神論"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神论"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科學"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科学"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然經濟"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然经济"
},
{
"word": "自然美"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán'érrán",
"word": "自然而然"
},
{
"word": "自然背景輻射"
},
{
"word": "自然背景辐射"
},
{
"word": "自然蛾眉"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然規律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然规律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然語言處理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然语言处理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然資源"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然资源"
},
{
"word": "自然輸入法"
},
{
"word": "自然输入法"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然选择"
},
{
"word": "自然金"
},
{
"word": "自然銀"
},
{
"word": "自然银"
},
{
"word": "自然銅"
},
{
"word": "自然铜"
},
{
"word": "自然鐵"
},
{
"word": "自然铁"
},
{
"word": "自然音程"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到橋頭自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到桥头自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chāozìrán",
"word": "超自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "順其自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "顺其自然"
}
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
77,
103
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Gōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.”",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
125,
148
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
39,
44
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"english": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Rénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n*",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"admittedly"
],
"links": [
[
"admittedly",
"admittedly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "cii^˖ rhan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "ceō-céng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "zo⁵ zeng² [Phonetic:zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ³³ ʒan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: zo⁵ leng²]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡so²¹ ^((t͡s-))lɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese adverbs",
"Japanese adverbs optionally taking と-to",
"Japanese adverbs optionally taking に-ni",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "自然な",
"roman": "shizen na",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "自然に",
"roman": "shizen ni",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "自然で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "自然なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "自然であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "自然でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "自然なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "自然だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "自然に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "自然さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "shizensa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん",
"infl": "な"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) • (shizen) -na (adnominal 自(し)然(ぜん)な (shizen na), adverbial 自(し)然(ぜん)に (shizen ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "しぜん",
"lemma": "自然",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"natural"
],
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spontaneous"
],
"links": [
[
"spontaneous",
"spontaneous"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕizẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese adverbs",
"Japanese adverbs optionally taking と-to",
"Japanese adverbs optionally taking に-ni",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん",
"opt": "to:ni"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) • (shizen) (optionally as 自(し)然(ぜん)と (shizen to), optionally as 自(し)然(ぜん)に (shizen ni))",
"name": "ja-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"naturally"
],
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spontaneously"
],
"links": [
[
"spontaneously",
"spontaneously"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rarely"
],
"links": [
[
"rarely",
"rarely"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"coincidentally"
],
"links": [
[
"coincidentally",
"coincidentally"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕizẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese adverbs",
"Japanese adverbs optionally taking と-to",
"Japanese adverbs optionally taking に-ni",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) • (shizen)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "heaven and earth",
"roman": "tenchi",
"ruby": [
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
]
],
"word": "天地"
},
{
"english": "the universe",
"roman": "uchū",
"ruby": [
[
"宇",
"う"
],
[
"宙",
"ちゅう"
]
],
"word": "宇宙"
},
{
"english": "the world",
"roman": "sekai",
"ruby": [
[
"世",
"せ"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "世界"
},
{
"english": "all things, all of the universe, every manifestation of nature",
"roman": "banshō",
"ruby": [
[
"万",
"ばん"
],
[
"象",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "万象"
},
{
"english": "all things, all of the universe, every manifestation of nature",
"roman": "banbutsu",
"ruby": [
[
"万",
"ばん"
],
[
"物",
"ぶつ"
]
],
"word": "万物"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
78,
85
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
37,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
23
]
],
"english": "As they awakened, the Eldrazi reasserted their mastery over all of Zendikar’s natural forces.",
"ref": "2016 April 23, “重(じゅう)力(りょく)の変(へん)容(よう) [Gravitational Shift]”, in エルドラージ覚醒 [Eldrazi Awakening], Wizards of the Coast:",
"roman": "Erudorāji wa mezameru to, Zendikā no shizen no seiryoku subete ni taishite onore no shihai o hitatabi shirashimeyō to shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"目",
"め"
],
[
"覚",
"ざ"
],
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
],
[
"勢",
"せい"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
],
[
"全",
"すべ"
],
[
"対",
"たい"
],
[
"己",
"おのれ"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"配",
"はい"
],
[
"再",
"ひたた"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "エルドラージは目覚めると、ゼンディカーの自然の勢力全てに対して己の支配を再び知らしめようとした。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nature"
],
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spontaneity"
],
"links": [
[
"spontaneity",
"spontaneity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕizẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "jayeon",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "자연",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "자연"
},
"expansion": "自然 • (jayeon) (hangeul 자연)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "nature",
"word": "자연"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 자연 (“nature”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"자연",
"자연#Korean"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "自然",
"tr": "shizen"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 自然 (shizen)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Japanese 自然 (shizen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shijin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しじん",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "しじん"
},
"expansion": "自然(しじん) (shijin)",
"name": "ryu-head"
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Okinawan entries with incorrect language header",
"Okinawan lemmas",
"Okinawan nouns",
"Okinawan terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Okinawan terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Okinawan terms with 2 kanji",
"Okinawan terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"nature"
],
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"Vietnamese adverbs",
"Vietnamese adverbs in Han script",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tự nhiên (“nature”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tự nhiên",
"tự nhiên#Vietnamese:_自然"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
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"Vietnamese adverbs in Han script",
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"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tự nhiên (“natural”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tự nhiên",
"tự nhiên#Vietnamese:_自然"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"Vietnamese adverbs",
"Vietnamese adverbs in Han script",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "vi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tự nhiên (“naturally”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tự nhiên",
"tự nhiên#Vietnamese:_自然"
],
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
}
],
"word": "自然"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 自然 meaning in All languages combined (65.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": "started on line 34, detected on line 34"
}
{
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"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "unrecognized head form: optionally as 自__lrub__し__rrub__然__lrub__ぜん__rrub__と (shizen to)",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: optionally as 自__lrub__し__rrub__然__lrub__ぜん__rrub__に (shizen ni)",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.