See 自然 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 自然 meaning in Chinese (41.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 9 17 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to cherish nature",
"roman": "àihù zìrán",
"text": "愛護自然／爱护自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to get close to nature",
"roman": "qīnjìn zìrán",
"text": "親近自然／亲近自然",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nature; the natural world"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-noun-mG9lDknp",
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"world",
"world"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"sense": "nature",
"word": "自然界"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 9 17 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "natural beauty",
"roman": "zìrán měilì",
"text": "自然美麗／自然美丽",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural; of or relating to nature"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adj-Xxrn2WZo",
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"roman": "tiānrán",
"sense": "of or relating to nature",
"word": "天然"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 9 17 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural; at ease; without strain"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adj-QIlTzRB1",
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"at ease",
"at ease"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "樸素"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "朴素"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"naturally; in a natural manner"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adv-x7B8VfBZ",
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 9 17 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"naturally; of course; as a matter of course"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-adv-eyg7gmfJ",
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"of course",
"of course"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "當然"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "当然"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"roman": "gùrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "固然"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗係"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗系"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "實"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "实"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "自不然"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在勢"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在势"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 18 3 8 63 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùzìrán",
"word": "不自然"
},
{
"word": "人口自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "功到自然成"
},
{
"roman": "dàzìrán",
"word": "大自然"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心靜自然涼"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心静自然凉"
},
{
"word": "渾樸自然"
},
{
"word": "浑朴自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "習慣成自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "习惯成自然"
},
{
"word": "聽其自然"
},
{
"word": "听其自然"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主義"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主义"
},
{
"roman": "zìránrén",
"word": "自然人"
},
{
"word": "自然保留區"
},
{
"word": "自然保留区"
},
{
"word": "自然保育"
},
{
"word": "自然保護"
},
{
"word": "自然保护"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保護區"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保护区"
},
{
"word": "自然免疫"
},
{
"word": "自然分類"
},
{
"word": "自然分类"
},
{
"word": "自然利率"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlì",
"word": "自然力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránhuà",
"word": "自然化"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshǐ",
"word": "自然史"
},
{
"word": "自然堤"
},
{
"word": "自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "自然律"
},
{
"word": "自然接種"
},
{
"word": "自然接种"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然數"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然数"
},
{
"word": "自然景觀"
},
{
"word": "自然景观"
},
{
"roman": "zìráncūn",
"word": "自然村"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlín",
"word": "自然林"
},
{
"word": "自然步道"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán sǐwáng",
"word": "自然死亡"
},
{
"roman": "zìránduàn",
"word": "自然段"
},
{
"word": "自然殺傷細胞"
},
{
"word": "自然杀伤细胞"
},
{
"word": "自然汞"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán táotài",
"word": "自然淘汰"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然災害"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然灾害"
},
{
"word": "自然營力"
},
{
"word": "自然营力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránwù",
"word": "自然物"
},
{
"word": "自然率"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然現象"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然现象"
},
{
"word": "自然生態"
},
{
"word": "自然生态"
},
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"word": "自然界"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神論"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神论"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科學"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科学"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然經濟"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然经济"
},
{
"word": "自然美"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán'érrán",
"word": "自然而然"
},
{
"word": "自然背景輻射"
},
{
"word": "自然背景辐射"
},
{
"word": "自然蛾眉"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然規律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然规律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然語言處理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然语言处理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然資源"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然资源"
},
{
"word": "自然輸入法"
},
{
"word": "自然输入法"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然选择"
},
{
"word": "自然金"
},
{
"word": "自然銀"
},
{
"word": "自然银"
},
{
"word": "自然銅"
},
{
"word": "自然铜"
},
{
"word": "自然鐵"
},
{
"word": "自然铁"
},
{
"word": "自然音程"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到橋頭自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到桥头自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chāozìrán",
"word": "超自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "順其自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "顺其自然"
}
],
"glosses": [
"admittedly"
],
"id": "en-自然-zh-conj-MddllFkW",
"links": [
[
"admittedly",
"admittedly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to cherish nature",
"roman": "àihù zìrán",
"text": "愛護自然／爱护自然",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to get close to nature",
"roman": "qīnjìn zìrán",
"text": "親近自然／亲近自然",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nature; the natural world"
],
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"world",
"world"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"sense": "nature",
"word": "自然界"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "natural beauty",
"roman": "zìrán měilì",
"text": "自然美麗／自然美丽",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural; of or relating to nature"
],
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"natural; at ease; without strain"
],
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"at ease",
"at ease"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tiānrán",
"sense": "of or relating to nature",
"word": "天然"
},
{
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "樸素"
},
{
"roman": "pǔsù",
"sense": "at ease",
"word": "朴素"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"naturally; in a natural manner"
],
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"naturally; of course; as a matter of course"
],
"links": [
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"of course",
"of course"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "當然"
},
{
"roman": "dāngrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "当然"
},
{
"roman": "gùrán",
"sense": "of course",
"word": "固然"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗係"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "梗系"
},
{
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "實"
},
{
"roman": "shí",
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "实"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "自不然"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在勢"
},
{
"sense": "of course",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "在势"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min conjunctions",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min conjunctions",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùzìrán",
"word": "不自然"
},
{
"word": "人口自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "功到自然成"
},
{
"roman": "dàzìrán",
"word": "大自然"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心靜自然涼"
},
{
"roman": "xīn jìng zìrán liáng",
"word": "心静自然凉"
},
{
"word": "渾樸自然"
},
{
"word": "浑朴自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "習慣成自然"
},
{
"roman": "xíguàn chéng zìrán",
"word": "习惯成自然"
},
{
"word": "聽其自然"
},
{
"word": "听其自然"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主義"
},
{
"roman": "zìránzhǔyì",
"word": "自然主义"
},
{
"roman": "zìránrén",
"word": "自然人"
},
{
"word": "自然保留區"
},
{
"word": "自然保留区"
},
{
"word": "自然保育"
},
{
"word": "自然保護"
},
{
"word": "自然保护"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保護區"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán bǎohùqū",
"word": "自然保护区"
},
{
"word": "自然免疫"
},
{
"word": "自然分類"
},
{
"word": "自然分类"
},
{
"word": "自然利率"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlì",
"word": "自然力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránhuà",
"word": "自然化"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshǐ",
"word": "自然史"
},
{
"word": "自然堤"
},
{
"word": "自然增加率"
},
{
"word": "自然律"
},
{
"word": "自然接種"
},
{
"word": "自然接种"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然數"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshù",
"word": "自然数"
},
{
"word": "自然景觀"
},
{
"word": "自然景观"
},
{
"roman": "zìráncūn",
"word": "自然村"
},
{
"roman": "zìránlín",
"word": "自然林"
},
{
"word": "自然步道"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán sǐwáng",
"word": "自然死亡"
},
{
"roman": "zìránduàn",
"word": "自然段"
},
{
"word": "自然殺傷細胞"
},
{
"word": "自然杀伤细胞"
},
{
"word": "自然汞"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán táotài",
"word": "自然淘汰"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然災害"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zāihài",
"word": "自然灾害"
},
{
"word": "自然營力"
},
{
"word": "自然营力"
},
{
"roman": "zìránwù",
"word": "自然物"
},
{
"word": "自然率"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然現象"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xiànxiàng",
"word": "自然现象"
},
{
"word": "自然生態"
},
{
"word": "自然生态"
},
{
"roman": "zìránjiè",
"word": "自然界"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神論"
},
{
"roman": "zìránshénlùn",
"word": "自然神论"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科學"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán kēxué",
"word": "自然科学"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然經濟"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán jīngjì",
"word": "自然经济"
},
{
"word": "自然美"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán'érrán",
"word": "自然而然"
},
{
"word": "自然背景輻射"
},
{
"word": "自然背景辐射"
},
{
"word": "自然蛾眉"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然規律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán guīlǜ",
"word": "自然规律"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然語言處理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrányǔyán chǔlǐ",
"word": "自然语言处理"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然資源"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán zīyuán",
"word": "自然资源"
},
{
"word": "自然輸入法"
},
{
"word": "自然输入法"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然选择"
},
{
"word": "自然金"
},
{
"word": "自然銀"
},
{
"word": "自然银"
},
{
"word": "自然銅"
},
{
"word": "自然铜"
},
{
"word": "自然鐵"
},
{
"word": "自然铁"
},
{
"word": "自然音程"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到橋頭自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chuán dào qiáotóu zìrán zhí",
"word": "船到桥头自然直"
},
{
"roman": "chāozìrán",
"word": "超自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "順其自然"
},
{
"roman": "shùnqízìrán",
"word": "顺其自然"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "功成 事遂，百姓 皆 謂：「我 自然。」",
"2": "When the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"",
"name": "zh-x"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "人-法 地，地-法 天，天-法 道，道法 自然。",
"2": "Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"collapsed": "yes",
"ref": "Daodejing"
},
"expansion": "人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"name": "zh-x"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested earliest in the Tao Te Ching:\n*\n功成事遂，百姓皆謂：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]功成事遂，百姓皆谓：「我自然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nGōngchéng shìsuì, bǎixìng jiē wèi: “Wǒ zìrán.” [Pinyin]\nWhen the work is completed and affairs succeeded, the common people say, \"We are like this by ourselves.\"\n*\n人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]\nFrom: Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nRénfǎ dì, dìfǎ tiān, tiānfǎ dào, dàofǎ zìrán. [Pinyin]\nMan takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "自然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"admittedly"
],
"links": [
[
"admittedly",
"admittedly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ze⁶ riang⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zìran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyh.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыжан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨřan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III-I"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "cii ienˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "chhṳ-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "cii"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ianˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ci⁴ yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "cù-ǐng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "cê̤ṳ-iòng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-liân"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsī-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cixlieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsṳ̆ jiâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去 zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr-zoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "dzijH nyen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.[b]i[t]-s [n]a[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɦljids njen/"
},
{
"other": "/ chīr-liân /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁴⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴² iŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su²²⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴¹⁻²² liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²² zø⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[b]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɦljids njen/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tao Te Ching"
],
"word": "自然"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": "started on line 34, detected on line 34"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"自然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"自然"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"自然"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.