See 自然淘汰 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "自然淘汰",
"2": "しぜんとうた"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰(しぜんとうた) (shizentōta)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 自然淘汰(しぜんとうた) (shizentōta).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural selection"
],
"id": "en-自然淘汰-zh-noun-Qt0Ibnu1",
"links": [
[
"natural selection",
"natural selection"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇／自然选择"
},
{
"roman": "tiānzé",
"word": "天擇／天择"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然选择"
},
{
"roman": "tiānzé",
"word": "天擇"
},
{
"roman": "tiānzé",
"word": "天择"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán táotài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄊㄞˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴ tou⁴ taai³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chīr-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán táotài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrán táotài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan² tʻao²-tʻai⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-rán táu-tài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyhran taurtay"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань таотай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ taotaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn tòuh taai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴ tou⁴ taai³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴ tou⁴ tai³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹ tʰou̯²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen doi'taix"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ tʰai²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹ tʰou̯²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ tʰai²¹/"
}
],
"word": "自然淘汰"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"obor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "自然淘汰"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰 (zìrán táotài)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 自然淘汰 (zìrán táotài)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "en",
"3": "natural selection",
"sort": "しぜんとうた"
},
"expansion": "Calque of English natural selection",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "自%然",
"2": "し%ぜん",
"3": "淘%汰",
"4": "とう%た",
"t1": "natural",
"t2": "selection"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) (shizen, “natural”) + 淘(とう)汰(た) (tōta, “selection”)",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of English natural selection.\nFrom 自(し)然(ぜん) (shizen, “natural”) + 淘(とう)汰(た) (tōta, “selection”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然淘汰",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
],
[
"淘",
"とう"
],
[
"汰",
"た"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen tōta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "sizen tauta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんたうた",
"roman": "sizen tauta",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん とうた",
"hhira": "しぜん たうた"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん)淘(とう)汰(た) • (shizen tōta) ^(←しぜんたうた (sizen tauta)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 4 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Evolutionary theory",
"orig": "ja:Evolutionary theory",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"natural selection"
],
"id": "en-自然淘汰-ja-noun-Qt0Ibnu1",
"links": [
[
"natural selection",
"natural selection"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "evolution",
"roman": "shinka",
"ruby": [
[
"進",
"しん"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"word": "進化"
},
{
"english": "Darwinism",
"roman": "dāwinizumu",
"word": "ダーウィニズム"
},
{
"english": "survival of the fittest",
"roman": "tekisha seizon",
"ruby": [
[
"適",
"てき"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
],
[
"存",
"ぞん"
]
],
"word": "適者生存"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "shizen sentaku",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
],
[
"選",
"せん"
],
[
"択",
"たく"
]
],
"word": "自然選択"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜんとーた"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕize̞n to̞ːta̠]"
}
],
"word": "自然淘汰"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jayeondotae",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "자연도태",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "자연도태"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰 • (jayeondotae) (hangeul 자연도태)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "자연도태"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 자연도태"
],
"id": "en-自然淘汰-ko-noun-POqrXRvi",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"자연도태",
"자연도태#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "自然淘汰"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "自然淘汰",
"2": "しぜんとうた"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰(しぜんとうた) (shizentōta)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 自然淘汰(しぜんとうた) (shizentōta).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
"Chinese terms spelled with 汰",
"Chinese terms spelled with 淘",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms spelled with 自",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"natural selection"
],
"links": [
[
"natural selection",
"natural selection"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán táotài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄊㄞˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ jin⁴ tou⁴ taai³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chīr-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìrán táotài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhrán táotài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-jan² tʻao²-tʻai⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-rán táu-tài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyhran taurtay"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыжань таотай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czyžanʹ taotaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih yìhn tòuh taai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ jin⁴ tou⁴ taai³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ yin⁴ tou⁴ tai³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹ tʰou̯²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chū-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsū-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zuxjieen doi'taix"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ tʰai²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chīr-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsīr-jiân tô-thài"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐän³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² jiːn²¹ tʰou̯²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su³³⁻²¹ ziɛn²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ tʰai²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇／自然选择"
},
{
"roman": "tiānzé",
"word": "天擇／天择"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然選擇"
},
{
"roman": "zìrán xuǎnzé",
"word": "自然选择"
},
{
"roman": "tiānzé",
"word": "天擇"
},
{
"roman": "tiānzé",
"word": "天择"
}
],
"word": "自然淘汰"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"obor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "自然淘汰"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰 (zìrán táotài)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 自然淘汰 (zìrán táotài)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "en",
"3": "natural selection",
"sort": "しぜんとうた"
},
"expansion": "Calque of English natural selection",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "自%然",
"2": "し%ぜん",
"3": "淘%汰",
"4": "とう%た",
"t1": "natural",
"t2": "selection"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん) (shizen, “natural”) + 淘(とう)汰(た) (tōta, “selection”)",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of English natural selection.\nFrom 自(し)然(ぜん) (shizen, “natural”) + 淘(とう)汰(た) (tōta, “selection”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "自然淘汰",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
],
[
"淘",
"とう"
],
[
"汰",
"た"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shizen tōta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "sizen tauta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しぜんたうた",
"roman": "sizen tauta",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しぜん とうた",
"hhira": "しぜん たうた"
},
"expansion": "自(し)然(ぜん)淘(とう)汰(た) • (shizen tōta) ^(←しぜんたうた (sizen tauta)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "evolution",
"roman": "shinka",
"ruby": [
[
"進",
"しん"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"word": "進化"
},
{
"english": "Darwinism",
"roman": "dāwinizumu",
"word": "ダーウィニズム"
},
{
"english": "survival of the fittest",
"roman": "tekisha seizon",
"ruby": [
[
"適",
"てき"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
],
[
"存",
"ぞん"
]
],
"word": "適者生存"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms calqued from English",
"Japanese terms derived from English",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 4 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Evolutionary theory"
],
"glosses": [
"natural selection"
],
"links": [
[
"natural selection",
"natural selection"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しぜんとーた"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕize̞n to̞ːta̠]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "shizen sentaku",
"ruby": [
[
"自",
"し"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
],
[
"選",
"せん"
],
[
"択",
"たく"
]
],
"word": "自然選択"
}
],
"word": "自然淘汰"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jayeondotae",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "자연도태",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "자연도태"
},
"expansion": "自然淘汰 • (jayeondotae) (hangeul 자연도태)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "자연도태"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 자연도태"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"자연도태",
"자연도태#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "自然淘汰"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 自然淘汰 meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然淘汰",
"trace": ""
}
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"section": "Chinese",
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"title": "自然淘汰",
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"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然淘汰",
"trace": ""
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"自然淘汰"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自然淘汰",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"自然淘汰"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "自然淘汰",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"自然淘汰"
],
"section": "Japanese",
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"title": "自然淘汰",
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.