See 敢 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 敢 meaning in All languages combined (25.0kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han char with multiple canj",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han char with multiple four",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han char with multiple ids",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"敢 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 11 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 弓十人大 (NJOK) or 一十人大 (MJOK), four-corner 1814₀ or 1844₀, composition ⿰⿱乛耳攵(G) or ⿰⿱丅耳攵(HTJKV))"
],
"id": "en-敢-mul-character-S94WtX-G",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"乛",
"乛#Translingual"
],
[
"耳",
"耳#Translingual"
],
[
"攵",
"攵#Translingual"
],
[
"丅",
"丅#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "based on Xin Zixing 新字形",
"word": "In mainland China"
},
{
"english": "one stroke",
"word": "the upper left component is written 乛"
},
{
"word": "In other regions"
},
{
"english": "two strokes",
"word": "the upper left component is written 丅 which is the orthodox form found in the Kangxi dictionary"
}
]
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bùgǎn",
"word": "不敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢出氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢出气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢則聲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢则声"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢告勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢告劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢吭聲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢吭声"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢妄言"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢後人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢后人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢從命"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢从命"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不敢欺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bùgǎndāng",
"word": "不敢當"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bùgǎndāng",
"word": "不敢当"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hégǎn",
"word": "何敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "到敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yǒnggǎn",
"word": "勇敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "勇猛果敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "怕敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "愧不敢當"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "愧不敢当"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢且"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎnwéi",
"word": "敢作敢為"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎnwéi",
"word": "敢作敢为"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢作敢當"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢作敢当"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢保"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎndāng",
"word": "敢做敢當"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎndāng",
"word": "敢做敢当"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢則"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢则"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢則是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢则是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢勇當先"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢勇当先"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢只是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnwèn",
"word": "敢問"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnwèn",
"word": "敢问"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢待"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢怕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢怒而不敢言"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢情"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢攀玉趾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnyú",
"word": "敢於"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnyú",
"word": "敢于"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnsǐ",
"word": "敢死"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢死士"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnsǐjūn",
"word": "敢死軍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnsǐjūn",
"word": "敢死军"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnsǐduì",
"word": "敢死隊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnsǐduì",
"word": "敢死队"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎndāng",
"word": "敢當"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎndāng",
"word": "敢当"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢緊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢紧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎnzì",
"word": "敢自"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "káⁿ-ná",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "敢若"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢莫是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢言"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢請"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敢请"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wèigǎn",
"word": "未敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "guǒgǎn",
"word": "果敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "正色敢言"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shígǎndāng",
"word": "石敢當"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shígǎndāng",
"word": "石敢当"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǎngǎn",
"word": "膽敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǎngǎn",
"word": "胆敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "莫敢是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mògǎn-shuíhé",
"word": "莫敢誰何"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mògǎn-shuíhé",
"word": "莫敢谁何"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qǐgǎn",
"word": "豈敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qǐgǎn",
"word": "岂敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jìnggǎn",
"word": "竟敢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "鬼子敢爾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "鬼子敢尔"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s/m-wam",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-wam (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-wam (“to dare”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "敢",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kěn",
"word": "肯"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bold; brave; daring"
],
"id": "en-敢-zh-character-CwuF6szA",
"links": [
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"daring",
"daring"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We must dare to think, speak up and act.",
"ref": "我們必須敢想，敢說，敢幹。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我们必须敢想，敢说，敢干。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒmen bìxū gǎn xiǎng, gǎn shuō, gǎn gàn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He didn't dare to look at her in the face.",
"ref": "他不敢正眼看她。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "Tā bù gǎn zhèng yǎnkàn tā. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Very few people ventured to go out on that stormy night.",
"ref": "在那個風雨交加的夜晚，很少有人敢出去。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "在那个风雨交加的夜晚，很少有人敢出去。 [MSC, simp.]\nZài nà ge fēngyǔ jiāojiā de yèwǎn, hěn shào yǒurén gǎn chūqù. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dare (to); to venture (to)"
],
"id": "en-敢-zh-character-OQta-tIH",
"links": [
[
"dare",
"dare"
],
[
"venture",
"venture"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 34 8 28 0 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be sure, to be certain",
"roman": "gǎn kěndìng",
"text": "敢肯定",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be sure, to be certain",
"roman": "gǎn shuō",
"text": "敢說／敢说",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I bet you can't do this puzzle.",
"ref": "我敢說你解決不了這個難題。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我敢说你解决不了这个难题。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ gǎn shuō nǐ jiějuébuliǎo zhè ge nántí. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be sure; to be certain; to bet; to presume"
],
"id": "en-敢-zh-character-5d0y~xf1",
"links": [
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
],
[
"bet",
"bet"
],
[
"presume",
"presume"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "may I ask",
"roman": "gǎn wèn",
"text": "敢問／敢问",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Dare I ask where is the road? The road is beneath our feet.",
"ref": "敢問路在何方？路在腳下。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "敢问路在何方？路在脚下。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1986, 閻肅 Yan Su (lyricist) & 許鏡清 Xu Jingqing (composer),《敢問路在何方》\"Dare I ask where is the road?\"\nGǎn wèn lù zài héfāng? Lù zài jiǎoxià. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"may I venture"
],
"id": "en-敢-zh-character-~u-9O7CJ",
"links": [
[
"venture",
"venture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(polite) may I venture"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Chinese rhetorical questions",
"parents": [
"Rhetorical questions",
"Idioms",
"Questions",
"Sentences",
"Figures of speech",
"Multiword terms",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Rhetoric",
"Lemmas",
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hokkien Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taiwanese Hakka",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Teochew Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 34 8 28 0 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 豈／岂 (qǐ)"
},
{
"text": "敢通按呢？ [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― Kám thang án-ne? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― How could it be like this?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"can it be possible that; how"
],
"id": "en-敢-zh-character-jgdoFFM6",
"links": [
[
"can",
"can"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"possible",
"possible"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or Hokkien; Taiwanese Hakka; literary or Hokkien; Taiwanese Hakka",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or Hokkien, Teochew, Taiwanese Hakka, rhetorical question) can it be possible that; how"
],
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"rhetoric"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quanzhou Hokkien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xiamen Hokkien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zhangzhou Hokkien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"perhaps"
],
"id": "en-敢-zh-character-G6LrsnXo",
"links": [
[
"perhaps",
"perhaps"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic or Xiamen",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) perhaps"
],
"tags": [
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taiwanese Hakka",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taiwanese Hokkien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 9 16 5 15 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 34 8 28 0 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 咁 (hán), 甘 (gān), 干"
},
{
"text": "你敢有閒？／你敢有闲？ [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― Lí kám ū-êng? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Are you free?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Interrogative adverb, placed before the verb to create a yes-no question."
],
"id": "en-敢-zh-character-ZK~tQVxp",
"qualifier": "Taiwanese Hakka",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka) Interrogative adverb, placed before the verb to create a yes-no question."
],
"tags": [
"Taiwanese-Hokkien"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kam"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gam³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gǒ̤ng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "káⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kiám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵koe"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ganʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gem²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐm³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gam`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gam³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "kam"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gǒ̤ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kánn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kvar"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "karm"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kiám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kiarm"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiam⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "karn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "káⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵koe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "koe^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²koe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/kø³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kamX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]ˤamʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*klaːmʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/ kám /"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐm³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiam⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kø³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*klaːmʔ/"
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 45 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 44 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 36 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 36 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"daring, brave, bold"
],
"id": "en-敢-ja-character-u09SzVyU",
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 44 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 36 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 36 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad, tragic, pitiful"
],
"id": "en-敢-ja-character-Jz2k4pih",
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "敢"
},
"expansion": "敢 (MC kamX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 敢 (MC kamX).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "敢",
"ruby": [
[
"敢",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "敢(かん) • (kan)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 45 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 44 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 36 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 36 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kankō",
"ruby": [
[
"敢行",
"かんこう"
]
],
"word": "敢行"
},
{
"roman": "kanzen",
"ruby": [
[
"敢然",
"かんぜん"
]
],
"word": "敢然"
},
{
"roman": "kantō",
"ruby": [
[
"敢闘",
"かんとう"
]
],
"word": "敢闘"
}
],
"glosses": [
"daring; brave; bold"
],
"id": "en-敢-ja-affix-qVJv6cSw",
"links": [
[
"daring",
"daring"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "감히 감",
"roman": "gamhi gam",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "감히",
"2": "감"
},
"expansion": "敢 (eumhun 감히 감 (gamhi gam))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dare",
"word": "감"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 감 (“dare”)."
],
"id": "en-敢-ko-character-iXs7N7vN",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"감",
"감#Korean"
],
[
"dare",
"dare"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cám",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "cảm",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "dám",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-敢-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min adverbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min adverbs",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùgǎn",
"word": "不敢"
},
{
"word": "不敢出氣"
},
{
"word": "不敢出气"
},
{
"word": "不敢則聲"
},
{
"word": "不敢则声"
},
{
"word": "不敢告勞"
},
{
"word": "不敢告劳"
},
{
"word": "不敢吭聲"
},
{
"word": "不敢吭声"
},
{
"word": "不敢妄言"
},
{
"word": "不敢後人"
},
{
"word": "不敢后人"
},
{
"word": "不敢從命"
},
{
"word": "不敢从命"
},
{
"word": "不敢欺"
},
{
"roman": "bùgǎndāng",
"word": "不敢當"
},
{
"roman": "bùgǎndāng",
"word": "不敢当"
},
{
"roman": "hégǎn",
"word": "何敢"
},
{
"word": "到敢"
},
{
"roman": "yǒnggǎn",
"word": "勇敢"
},
{
"word": "勇猛果敢"
},
{
"word": "怕敢"
},
{
"word": "愧不敢當"
},
{
"word": "愧不敢当"
},
{
"word": "敢且"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎnwéi",
"word": "敢作敢為"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎnwéi",
"word": "敢作敢为"
},
{
"word": "敢作敢當"
},
{
"word": "敢作敢当"
},
{
"word": "敢保"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎndāng",
"word": "敢做敢當"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnzuògǎndāng",
"word": "敢做敢当"
},
{
"word": "敢則"
},
{
"word": "敢则"
},
{
"word": "敢則是"
},
{
"word": "敢则是"
},
{
"word": "敢勇當先"
},
{
"word": "敢勇当先"
},
{
"word": "敢只是"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnwèn",
"word": "敢問"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnwèn",
"word": "敢问"
},
{
"word": "敢待"
},
{
"word": "敢怕"
},
{
"word": "敢怒而不敢言"
},
{
"word": "敢情"
},
{
"word": "敢攀玉趾"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnyú",
"word": "敢於"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnyú",
"word": "敢于"
},
{
"word": "敢是"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnsǐ",
"word": "敢死"
},
{
"word": "敢死士"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnsǐjūn",
"word": "敢死軍"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnsǐjūn",
"word": "敢死军"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnsǐduì",
"word": "敢死隊"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnsǐduì",
"word": "敢死队"
},
{
"roman": "gǎndāng",
"word": "敢當"
},
{
"roman": "gǎndāng",
"word": "敢当"
},
{
"word": "敢緊"
},
{
"word": "敢紧"
},
{
"roman": "gǎnzì",
"word": "敢自"
},
{
"roman": "káⁿ-ná",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "敢若"
},
{
"word": "敢莫是"
},
{
"word": "敢言"
},
{
"word": "敢請"
},
{
"word": "敢请"
},
{
"roman": "wèigǎn",
"word": "未敢"
},
{
"roman": "guǒgǎn",
"word": "果敢"
},
{
"word": "正色敢言"
},
{
"roman": "shígǎndāng",
"word": "石敢當"
},
{
"roman": "shígǎndāng",
"word": "石敢当"
},
{
"roman": "dǎngǎn",
"word": "膽敢"
},
{
"roman": "dǎngǎn",
"word": "胆敢"
},
{
"word": "莫敢是"
},
{
"roman": "mògǎn-shuíhé",
"word": "莫敢誰何"
},
{
"roman": "mògǎn-shuíhé",
"word": "莫敢谁何"
},
{
"roman": "qǐgǎn",
"word": "豈敢"
},
{
"roman": "qǐgǎn",
"word": "岂敢"
},
{
"roman": "jìnggǎn",
"word": "竟敢"
},
{
"word": "鬼子敢爾"
},
{
"word": "鬼子敢尔"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s/m-wam",
"4": "",
"5": "to dare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-wam (“to dare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-wam (“to dare”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "敢",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"related": [
{
"roman": "kěn",
"word": "肯"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bold; brave; daring"
],
"links": [
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"daring",
"daring"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We must dare to think, speak up and act.",
"ref": "我們必須敢想，敢說，敢幹。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我们必须敢想，敢说，敢干。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒmen bìxū gǎn xiǎng, gǎn shuō, gǎn gàn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He didn't dare to look at her in the face.",
"ref": "他不敢正眼看她。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "Tā bù gǎn zhèng yǎnkàn tā. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Very few people ventured to go out on that stormy night.",
"ref": "在那個風雨交加的夜晚，很少有人敢出去。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "在那个风雨交加的夜晚，很少有人敢出去。 [MSC, simp.]\nZài nà ge fēngyǔ jiāojiā de yèwǎn, hěn shào yǒurén gǎn chūqù. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dare (to); to venture (to)"
],
"links": [
[
"dare",
"dare"
],
[
"venture",
"venture"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be sure, to be certain",
"roman": "gǎn kěndìng",
"text": "敢肯定",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be sure, to be certain",
"roman": "gǎn shuō",
"text": "敢說／敢说",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I bet you can't do this puzzle.",
"ref": "我敢說你解決不了這個難題。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我敢说你解决不了这个难题。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ gǎn shuō nǐ jiějuébuliǎo zhè ge nántí. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be sure; to be certain; to bet; to presume"
],
"links": [
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
],
[
"bet",
"bet"
],
[
"presume",
"presume"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese polite terms",
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "may I ask",
"roman": "gǎn wèn",
"text": "敢問／敢问",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Dare I ask where is the road? The road is beneath our feet.",
"ref": "敢問路在何方？路在腳下。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "敢问路在何方？路在脚下。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1986, 閻肅 Yan Su (lyricist) & 許鏡清 Xu Jingqing (composer),《敢問路在何方》\"Dare I ask where is the road?\"\nGǎn wèn lù zài héfāng? Lù zài jiǎoxià. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"may I venture"
],
"links": [
[
"venture",
"venture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(polite) may I venture"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese rhetorical questions",
"Hokkien Chinese",
"Hokkien terms with usage examples",
"Taiwanese Hakka",
"Teochew Chinese"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 豈／岂 (qǐ)"
},
{
"text": "敢通按呢？ [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― Kám thang án-ne? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― How could it be like this?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"can it be possible that; how"
],
"links": [
[
"can",
"can"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"possible",
"possible"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or Hokkien; Taiwanese Hakka; literary or Hokkien; Taiwanese Hakka",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or Hokkien, Teochew, Taiwanese Hakka, rhetorical question) can it be possible that; how"
],
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"rhetoric"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with archaic senses",
"Quanzhou Hokkien",
"Xiamen Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou Hokkien"
],
"glosses": [
"perhaps"
],
"links": [
[
"perhaps",
"perhaps"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic or Xiamen",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) perhaps"
],
"tags": [
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hokkien terms with usage examples",
"Taiwanese Hakka",
"Taiwanese Hokkien"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 咁 (hán), 甘 (gān), 干"
},
{
"text": "你敢有閒？／你敢有闲？ [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― Lí kám ū-êng? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Are you free?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Interrogative adverb, placed before the verb to create a yes-no question."
],
"qualifier": "Taiwanese Hakka",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka) Interrogative adverb, placed before the verb to create a yes-no question."
],
"tags": [
"Taiwanese-Hokkien"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kam"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gam³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gǒ̤ng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "káⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kiám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gan²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵koe"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ganʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gem²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐm³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gam²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gam`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gam³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "kam"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "gam⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gǒ̤ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kánn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kvar"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "karm"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kiám"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kiarm"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiam⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "karn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "káⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵koe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "koe^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²koe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/kø³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gan³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kamX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]ˤamʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*klaːmʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/ kám /"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐm³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kam⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiam⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kã⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kø³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*klaːmʔ/"
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading かん",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading かむ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading かむ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かん",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あ-えず",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あ-えて",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あ-えない",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 敢",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"daring, brave, bold"
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sad, tragic, pitiful"
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 敢",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kankō",
"ruby": [
[
"敢行",
"かんこう"
]
],
"word": "敢行"
},
{
"roman": "kanzen",
"ruby": [
[
"敢然",
"かんぜん"
]
],
"word": "敢然"
},
{
"roman": "kantō",
"ruby": [
[
"敢闘",
"かんとう"
]
],
"word": "敢闘"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "敢"
},
"expansion": "敢 (MC kamX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 敢 (MC kamX).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "敢",
"ruby": [
[
"敢",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "敢(かん) • (kan)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"daring; brave; bold"
],
"links": [
[
"daring",
"daring"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "감히 감",
"roman": "gamhi gam",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "감히",
"2": "감"
},
"expansion": "敢 (eumhun 감히 감 (gamhi gam))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dare",
"word": "감"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 감 (“dare”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"감",
"감#Korean"
],
[
"dare",
"dare"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han char with multiple canj",
"Han char with multiple four",
"Han char with multiple ids",
"Han script characters",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"敢 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 11 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 弓十人大 (NJOK) or 一十人大 (MJOK), four-corner 1814₀ or 1844₀, composition ⿰⿱乛耳攵(G) or ⿰⿱丅耳攵(HTJKV))"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"乛",
"乛#Translingual"
],
[
"耳",
"耳#Translingual"
],
[
"攵",
"攵#Translingual"
],
[
"丅",
"丅#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "based on Xin Zixing 新字形",
"word": "In mainland China"
},
{
"english": "one stroke",
"word": "the upper left component is written 乛"
},
{
"word": "In other regions"
},
{
"english": "two strokes",
"word": "the upper left component is written 丅 which is the orthodox form found in the Kangxi dictionary"
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cám",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "cảm",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "dám",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "敢"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": "started on line 112, detected on line 126"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"敢"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "affix",
"title": "敢",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.