See rudъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "рудъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: рудъ (rudŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: рудъ (rudŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ру́ды"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ру́ды (rúdy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ру́ды (rúdy)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ру́дый",
"3": "рудо́й",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ру́дый (rúdyj), рудо́й (rudój) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ру́дый (rúdyj), рудо́й (rudój) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "руди́й"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: руди́й (rudýj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: руди́й (rudýj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "роуде"
},
"expansion": "Old Novgorodian: роуде (rude)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Novgorodian: роуде (rude)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "руд"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: руд (rud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: руд (rud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "руд"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: руд (rud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: руд (rud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ру̑д",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ру̑д",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ру̑д"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "rȗd",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: rȗd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: rȗd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "rȗd"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: rȗd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: rȗd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "rudý"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: rudý",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: rudý"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rudý"
},
"expansion": "Czech: rudý",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: rudý"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rudy"
},
"expansion": "Polish: rudy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: rudy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "rudý"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: rudý",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: rudý"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "rudy"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: rudy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: rudy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*raudas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *raudas",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rowdʰ-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰ-o-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "raũdas",
"3": "",
"4": "reddish brown, bay, reddish"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian raũdas (“reddish brown, bay, reddish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "raũds",
"3": "",
"4": "red, reddish brown, light bay"
},
"expansion": "Latvian raũds (“red, reddish brown, light bay”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raudaz",
"3": "",
"4": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudaz (“red”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *raudas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰ-o-, from *h₁rewdʰ-.\nBaltic cognates include Lithuanian raũdas (“reddish brown, bay, reddish”), Latvian raũds (“red, reddish brown, light bay”).\nIndo-European cognates include Latin dial. rūfus (“red-haired, reddish”), Proto-Germanic *raudaz (“red”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rȗdъ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rude",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruděxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruděxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudajego",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudajego",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudujemu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudujemu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudǫjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudǫjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudějemь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudějemь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudiji",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudiji",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rudъ",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rusъ < *rudsъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ruměnъ < *rudměnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to be red; redden",
"word": "rъděti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "red, red-haired",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rъdrъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "rust",
"word": "rъďa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "ginger",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ryďь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bělъ(of animals) *bronъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sivъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "śěrъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "śědъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "čьrnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "smaglъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "smǫglъ(of animals) *vornъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "galъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "čьrvenъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ryďь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ruměnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rudъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "granivъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "smědъ(of animals) *gnědъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "žьltъ(of animals) *solvъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "polvъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "zelenъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grěnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "siňь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "modrъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "slivъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bagrъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"red, blood red, reddish"
],
"id": "en-rudъ-sla-pro-adj-kCq7UXHE",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"blood red",
"blood red"
],
[
"reddish",
"reddish"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 65 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 86 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 86 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ginger"
],
"id": "en-rudъ-sla-pro-adj-CN3~Tr45",
"links": [
[
"ginger",
"ginger"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "11 73 16",
"english": "ore",
"sense": "*rudъ (“red; ginger; brown”, adj.)",
"word": "ruda"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brown"
],
"id": "en-rudъ-sla-pro-adj-XrZ~n4QJ",
"links": [
[
"brown",
"brown"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "rudъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "рудъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: рудъ (rudŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: рудъ (rudŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ру́ды"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ру́ды (rúdy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ру́ды (rúdy)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ру́дый",
"3": "рудо́й",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ру́дый (rúdyj), рудо́й (rudój) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ру́дый (rúdyj), рудо́й (rudój) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "руди́й"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: руди́й (rudýj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: руди́й (rudýj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "роуде"
},
"expansion": "Old Novgorodian: роуде (rude)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Novgorodian: роуде (rude)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "руд"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: руд (rud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: руд (rud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "руд"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: руд (rud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: руд (rud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ру̑д",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ру̑д",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ру̑д"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "rȗd",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: rȗd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: rȗd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "rȗd"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: rȗd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: rȗd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "rudý"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: rudý",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: rudý"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rudý"
},
"expansion": "Czech: rudý",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: rudý"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rudy"
},
"expansion": "Polish: rudy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: rudy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "rudý"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: rudý",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: rudý"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "rudy"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: rudy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: rudy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*raudas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *raudas",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rowdʰ-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰ-o-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "raũdas",
"3": "",
"4": "reddish brown, bay, reddish"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian raũdas (“reddish brown, bay, reddish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "raũds",
"3": "",
"4": "red, reddish brown, light bay"
},
"expansion": "Latvian raũds (“red, reddish brown, light bay”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raudaz",
"3": "",
"4": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudaz (“red”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *raudas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰ-o-, from *h₁rewdʰ-.\nBaltic cognates include Lithuanian raũdas (“reddish brown, bay, reddish”), Latvian raũds (“red, reddish brown, light bay”).\nIndo-European cognates include Latin dial. rūfus (“red-haired, reddish”), Proto-Germanic *raudaz (“red”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rȗdъ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rude",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruděxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruděxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudajego",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudajego",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudujemu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudujemu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudǫjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudǫjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudějemь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudějemь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudoje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruduju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruději",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudiji",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudъjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjimi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyjixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudiji",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudyję̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudaja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rudъ",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "ore",
"sense": "*rudъ (“red; ginger; brown”, adj.)",
"word": "ruda"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rusъ < *rudsъ"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ruměnъ < *rudměnъ"
},
{
"english": "to be red; redden",
"word": "rъděti"
},
{
"english": "red, red-haired",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rъdrъ"
},
{
"english": "rust",
"word": "rъďa"
},
{
"english": "ginger",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ryďь"
},
{
"word": "bělъ(of animals) *bronъ"
},
{
"word": "sivъ"
},
{
"word": "śěrъ"
},
{
"word": "śědъ"
},
{
"word": "čьrnъ"
},
{
"word": "smaglъ"
},
{
"word": "smǫglъ(of animals) *vornъ"
},
{
"word": "galъ"
},
{
"word": "čьrvenъ"
},
{
"word": "ryďь"
},
{
"word": "ruměnъ"
},
{
"word": "rudъ"
},
{
"word": "granivъ"
},
{
"word": "smědъ(of animals) *gnědъ"
},
{
"word": "žьltъ(of animals) *solvъ"
},
{
"word": "polvъ"
},
{
"word": "zelenъ"
},
{
"word": "grěnъ"
},
{
"word": "siňь"
},
{
"word": "modrъ"
},
{
"word": "slivъ"
},
{
"word": "bagrъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"red, blood red, reddish"
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"blood red",
"blood red"
],
[
"reddish",
"reddish"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ginger"
],
"links": [
[
"ginger",
"ginger"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brown"
],
"links": [
[
"brown",
"brown"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "rudъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rudъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (17.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (813e02a and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.