See ruda in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "руда"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: руда (ruda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: руда (ruda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "руда́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: руда́ (rudá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: руда́ (rudá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "руда́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: руда́ (rudá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: руда́ (rudá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "руда́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: руда́ (rudá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: руда́ (rudá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "роуда"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: роуда (ruda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: роуда (ruda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ру́да"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ру́да (rúda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ру́да (rúda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ру́да"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ру́да (rúda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ру́да (rúda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ру́да",
"3": "rúda"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: ру́да, rúda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: ру́да, rúda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "rúdа",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: rúdа",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rúdа"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: rúdа (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: rúdа (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Czech: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: ruda"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Fossilized from *rudъ (“red, reddish; reddish brown”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rudà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "rudà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rũdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudojǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rudà",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ruda",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ore, mineral"
],
"id": "en-ruda-sla-pro-noun-Bk34YjnM",
"links": [
[
"ore",
"ore"
],
[
"mineral",
"mineral"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "ore",
"sense": "*rudъ (“red; ginger; brown”, adj.)",
"word": "ruda"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rusъ < *rudsъ"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ruměnъ < *rudměnъ"
},
{
"english": "to be red; redden",
"word": "rъděti"
},
{
"english": "red, red-haired",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rъdrъ"
},
{
"english": "rust",
"word": "rъďa"
},
{
"english": "ginger",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ryďь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ruda"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "руда"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: руда (ruda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: руда (ruda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "руда́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: руда́ (rudá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: руда́ (rudá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "руда́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: руда́ (rudá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: руда́ (rudá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "руда́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: руда́ (rudá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: руда́ (rudá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "роуда"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: роуда (ruda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: роуда (ruda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ру́да"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ру́да (rúda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ру́да (rúda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ру́да"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ру́да (rúda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ру́да (rúda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ру́да",
"3": "rúda"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: ру́да, rúda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: ру́да, rúda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "rúdа",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: rúdа",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rúdа"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: rúdа (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: rúdа (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Czech: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: ruda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "ruda"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: ruda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: ruda"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Fossilized from *rudъ (“red, reddish; reddish brown”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rudà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "rudà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rũdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudojǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rudù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rudà",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ruda",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "ore",
"sense": "*rudъ (“red; ginger; brown”, adj.)",
"word": "ruda"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rusъ < *rudsъ"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ruměnъ < *rudměnъ"
},
{
"english": "to be red; redden",
"word": "rъděti"
},
{
"english": "red, red-haired",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "rъdrъ"
},
{
"english": "rust",
"word": "rъďa"
},
{
"english": "ginger",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ryďь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"sla-pro:Metals"
],
"glosses": [
"ore, mineral"
],
"links": [
[
"ore",
"ore"
],
[
"mineral",
"mineral"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ruda"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ruda meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.