"پدر" meaning in Persian

See پدر in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [pa.ˈðaɾ] [Classical-Persian], [pi.ˈðaɾ] [Classical-Persian], [pʰä.d̪ǽɾ] [Dari, formal], [pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ] [Dari, formal], [pʰä.d̪ǽɾ] [Dari, formal], [pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ] [Dari, formal], [pʰä.d̪ǽɾ] [Kabuli], [pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ] [Kabuli], [pʰä.d̪ǽɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [pʰi.d̪ǽɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [pʰe.d̪ǽɹ] [Iran, formal], [pʰä.d̪ǽɾ] [Tajik, formal], /peˈdeɾ/ Audio: Fa-پدر.ogg Forms: پِدَر [canonical], pedar [romanization], پدران [plural], پدرها [plural]
Rhymes: -ar Etymology: From Middle Persian 𐭓𐭐𐭃 (pidar), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 (pitā), from Proto-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr. Etymology templates: {{inh|fa|pal|𐭓𐭐𐭃|tr=pidar}} Middle Persian 𐭓𐭐𐭃 (pidar), {{inh|fa|peo|𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠|tr=pitā}} Old Persian 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 (pitā), {{inh|fa|ira-pro|*pHtā́}} Proto-Iranian *pHtā́, {{inh|fa|iir-pro|*pHtā́}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́, {{inh|fa|ine-pro|*ph₂tḗr}} Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|plural|پدران|or|پدرها|||f1tr=pedarân|f2tr=pedar-hâ|f3tr=|head=پِدَر|head2=|head3=|tr=pedar|tr2=|tr3=}} پِدَر • (pedar) (plural پدران (pedarân) or پدرها (pedar-hâ)), {{fa-noun|head=پِدَر|pl=پدران|pl2=پدرها|pl2tr=pedar-hâ|pltr=pedarân|tr=pedar}} پِدَر • (pedar) (plural پدران (pedarân) or پدرها (pedar-hâ))
  1. father Categories (topical): Family Synonyms: بابا, بو, اتا, باب Related terms: مادر (mâdar)
    Sense id: en-پدر-fa-noun-iKGIHwAl Categories (other): Middle Persian terms in nonstandard scripts, Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Persian entries with incorrect language header Derived forms: پدری (pedari), پدرانه (pedarâne), ناپدری (nâpedari), پدربزرگ (pedar-bozorg), پدرخوانده (pedar-xânde), پدرزن (pedar-zan), پدرشوهر (pedar-šowhar), پدرسوخته (pedar-suxte), مادرپدر (mâdar-pedar), پدرسگ (pedar-sag), بیپدر (bi-pedar), پدرجَد (pedar-jadd), پدرِ روحانی (pedar-e-rowhâni), پدرسالار (pedar-sâlâr), پدرکُشتگی (pedar-koštegi), پدروار (pedarvâr), پدرآمرزیده (pedar-âmorzide), بیپدرمادر (bi-pedar-mâdar), پدرمادردار (pedar-mâdar-dâr), پدرِ کسی را درآوردن (pedar-e kasi râ dar-âvardan), پدرِ زیستی (pedar-e-zisti), روزِ پدر (ruz-e-pedar), بر پدر کسی لعنت (bar pedar-e kasi la'nat), پدرکُشی (pedar-koši)

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-hnd",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "पिदर"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: पिदर (pidar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: पिदर (pidar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "پدر",
            "tr": "pidar"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: پدر (pidar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: پدر (pidar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "پدر",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پدر",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پدر"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "peder"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: peder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: peder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐭓𐭐𐭃",
        "tr": "pidar"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭓𐭐𐭃 (pidar)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "peo",
        "3": "𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠",
        "tr": "pitā"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Persian 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 (pitā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*pHtā́"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pHtā́",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*pHtā́"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ph₂tḗr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭓𐭐𐭃 (pidar), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 (pitā), from Proto-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "پِدَر",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pedar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "پدران",
      "roman": "pedarân",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "پدرها",
      "roman": "pedar-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "پدران",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "پدرها",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "pedarân",
        "f2tr": "pedar-hâ",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "پِدَر",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "pedar",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "پِدَر • (pedar) (plural پدران (pedarân) or پدرها (pedar-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "پِدَر",
        "pl": "پدران",
        "pl2": "پدرها",
        "pl2tr": "pedar-hâ",
        "pltr": "pedarân",
        "tr": "pedar"
      },
      "expansion": "پِدَر • (pedar) (plural پدران (pedarân) or پدرها (pedar-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Family",
          "orig": "fa:Family",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "pedari",
          "word": "پدری"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedarâne",
          "word": "پدرانه"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nâpedari",
          "word": "ناپدری"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-bozorg",
          "word": "پدربزرگ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-xânde",
          "word": "پدرخوانده"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-zan",
          "word": "پدرزن"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-šowhar",
          "word": "پدرشوهر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-suxte",
          "word": "پدرسوخته"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mâdar-pedar",
          "word": "مادرپدر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-sag",
          "word": "پدرسگ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bi-pedar",
          "word": "بیپدر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-jadd",
          "word": "پدرجَد"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-e-rowhâni",
          "word": "پدرِ روحانی"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-sâlâr",
          "word": "پدرسالار"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-koštegi",
          "word": "پدرکُشتگی"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedarvâr",
          "word": "پدروار"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-âmorzide",
          "word": "پدرآمرزیده"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bi-pedar-mâdar",
          "word": "بیپدرمادر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-mâdar-dâr",
          "word": "پدرمادردار"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-e kasi râ dar-âvardan",
          "word": "پدرِ کسی را درآوردن"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-e-zisti",
          "word": "پدرِ زیستی"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ruz-e-pedar",
          "word": "روزِ پدر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bar pedar-e kasi la'nat",
          "word": "بر پدر کسی لعنت"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pedar-koši",
          "word": "پدرکُشی"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "father"
      ],
      "id": "en-پدر-fa-noun-iKGIHwAl",
      "links": [
        [
          "father",
          "father"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "mâdar",
          "word": "مادر"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "بابا"
        },
        {
          "word": "بو"
        },
        {
          "word": "اتا"
        },
        {
          "word": "باب"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pa.ˈðaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pi.ˈðaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰi.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰe.d̪ǽɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fa-پدر.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/Fa-%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1.ogg/Fa-%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Fa-%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈdeɾ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "پدر"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "pedari",
      "word": "پدری"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedarâne",
      "word": "پدرانه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nâpedari",
      "word": "ناپدری"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-bozorg",
      "word": "پدربزرگ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-xânde",
      "word": "پدرخوانده"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-zan",
      "word": "پدرزن"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-šowhar",
      "word": "پدرشوهر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-suxte",
      "word": "پدرسوخته"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mâdar-pedar",
      "word": "مادرپدر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-sag",
      "word": "پدرسگ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bi-pedar",
      "word": "بیپدر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-jadd",
      "word": "پدرجَد"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-e-rowhâni",
      "word": "پدرِ روحانی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-sâlâr",
      "word": "پدرسالار"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-koštegi",
      "word": "پدرکُشتگی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedarvâr",
      "word": "پدروار"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-âmorzide",
      "word": "پدرآمرزیده"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bi-pedar-mâdar",
      "word": "بیپدرمادر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-mâdar-dâr",
      "word": "پدرمادردار"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-e kasi râ dar-âvardan",
      "word": "پدرِ کسی را درآوردن"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-e-zisti",
      "word": "پدرِ زیستی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ruz-e-pedar",
      "word": "روزِ پدر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bar pedar-e kasi la'nat",
      "word": "بر پدر کسی لعنت"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pedar-koši",
      "word": "پدرکُشی"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-hnd",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "पिदर"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: पिदर (pidar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: पिदर (pidar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "پدر",
            "tr": "pidar"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: پدر (pidar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: پدر (pidar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "پدر",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پدر",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پدر"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "peder"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: peder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: peder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐭓𐭐𐭃",
        "tr": "pidar"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭓𐭐𐭃 (pidar)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "peo",
        "3": "𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠",
        "tr": "pitā"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Persian 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 (pitā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*pHtā́"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pHtā́",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*pHtā́"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ph₂tḗr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭓𐭐𐭃 (pidar), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 (pitā), from Proto-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "پِدَر",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pedar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "پدران",
      "roman": "pedarân",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "پدرها",
      "roman": "pedar-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "پدران",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "پدرها",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "pedarân",
        "f2tr": "pedar-hâ",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "پِدَر",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "pedar",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "پِدَر • (pedar) (plural پدران (pedarân) or پدرها (pedar-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "پِدَر",
        "pl": "پدران",
        "pl2": "پدرها",
        "pl2tr": "pedar-hâ",
        "pltr": "pedarân",
        "tr": "pedar"
      },
      "expansion": "پِدَر • (pedar) (plural پدران (pedarân) or پدرها (pedar-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "mâdar",
      "word": "مادر"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
        "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Persian lemmas",
        "Persian nouns",
        "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
        "Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
        "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
        "Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
        "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
        "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
        "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Rhymes:Persian/ar",
        "Rhymes:Persian/ar/2 syllables",
        "fa:Family"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "father"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "father",
          "father"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "بابا"
        },
        {
          "word": "بو"
        },
        {
          "word": "اتا"
        },
        {
          "word": "باب"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pa.ˈðaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pi.ˈðaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰɪ.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰi.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰe.d̪ǽɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pʰä.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fa-پدر.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/Fa-%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1.ogg/Fa-%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Fa-%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈdeɾ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "پدر"
}

Download raw JSONL data for پدر meaning in Persian (5.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.