See -us in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>",
"id": "second declension"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "-os"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin -os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"pos": "adjectival ending"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-az"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अः"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōrum",
"links": [
[
"-ōrum",
"-orum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōs",
"links": [
[
"-ōs",
"-os#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second-declension noun",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "with locative.",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Second-declension noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "singular only.",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "though rare",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "classical pelagus.",
"source": "declension"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<2>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"g3": "n"
},
"expansion": "-us m or f or n (genitive -ī); second declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<2.loc>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<2.N.a.sg>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "piscis (“fish”) + capiō (“to grasp, catch”) + -us → piscicapus (“a fishcatcher, fisher”)"
},
{
"text": "via (“road; way”) + curō (“to take care”) + -us → viocūrus (“a road overseer”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:agent_noun",
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
],
[
"agent noun",
"Appendix:Glossary#agent_noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"(somewhat popular) used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
],
"senseid": [
"la:agent noun"
],
"tags": [
"common",
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Kepler + -us → Keplerus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:Latinization",
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"(New Latin) used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
],
"senseid": [
"la:Latinization"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-PGlTfoIL",
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 15 32 11 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "vīrus (“a poisonous or acrid secretion”); vulgus (“common people”); pelagus (“sea”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns"
],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-NfSMox6N",
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(very rare) nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>",
"id": "second declension"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "-os"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin -os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"pos": "adjectival ending"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-az"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अः"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-a",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōrum",
"links": [
[
"-ōrum",
"-orum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ārum",
"links": [
[
"-ārum",
"-arum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōrum",
"links": [
[
"-ōrum",
"-orum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-am",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōs",
"links": [
[
"-ōs",
"-os#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"links": [
[
"-ās",
"-as#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"links": [
[
"-ā",
"-a#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us"
},
"expansion": "-us (feminine -a, neuter -um); first/second-declension suffix",
"name": "la-suffix-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<1&2+.loc>"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 8 6 5 25 10 9 5 5 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: -ātus"
},
{
"text": "bī- (“two”) + hiems (“winter”) + -us → bīmus (“two-year-old”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- (privative prefix) + animus (“soul, life”) + -us → inanimus (“lifeless, inanimate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"suffixed to noun stems",
"derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"having (noun)\"; most productive in New Latin"
],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:denominative_adjective",
"senseid": [
"la:denominative adjective",
"la:possessive adjective"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-is"
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{
"word": "-ātus"
}
],
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"declension-1",
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]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 0 4 3 0 0 4 8 4 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 5 2 0 5 2 2 5 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 7 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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},
{
"_dis": "13 10 2 2 15 26 15 2 4 2 4 4 2",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 3 2 19 27 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Hibēr (“Iberian”, noun) + -us → Hibērus (“Iberian”, adjective)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Marōnēa (“the Thracian city of Maronea”) + -us → Marōnēus (“Maronean; of Maronea”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "vesper (“evening”) + -us → vesperus (“evening, of the evening”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sūcinum (“amber”) + -us → sūcinus (“amber, of amber”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"suffixed to noun stems",
"derives relational adjectives"
],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:denominative_adjective1",
"links": [
[
"relational",
"Appendix:Glossary#relational"
]
],
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"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"suffixed to noun stems",
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],
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"la:denominative adjective",
"la:relational adjective"
],
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{
"word": "-icus"
},
{
"word": "-eus"
},
{
"word": "-īnus"
}
],
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"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"rare",
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]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "invideō (“to be jealous of, envy; to look askance at (someone)”) + -us → invidus (“envious; hostile”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sonō (“to sound”) + -us → -sonus (“-sounding”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dīcō (“to say”) + -us → -dicus (“-saying”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"-ing: suffixed to verb stems, derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"doing/that does (verb)\""
],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:deverbal_adjective",
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English"
]
],
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"la:deverbal adjective"
],
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{
"word": "-uus"
}
],
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"declension-1",
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}
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{
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"Classical-Latin"
]
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{
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{
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"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
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],
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}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
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"final vowel replaced due to analogy with feminine plural forms"
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"word": "-uri"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ura"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ira"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ara"
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],
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{
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Generally from Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs), as in genus n from *ǵénh₁os n (“race”). Not a productive derivational suffix in historical Latin. (However, De Vaan cites pondus n and possibly vellus n as formations that may date to a prehistoric stage of the Latin language.) The plural and oblique case forms have -r- as the result of the sound change of rhotacism. Additionally, in many words, the oblique stem has the vowel -ĕ- (as in generis), which is generally taken to be the phonetically regular development of the Proto-Indo-European forms. Some words, such as decus, decoris, instead have -ŏ- in the oblique stem; this is the result of analogical introduction of the rounded vowel from the nominative/accusative singular form.",
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{
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"table-tags"
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},
{
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"form": "-era",
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},
{
"form": "-eris",
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"genitive",
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},
{
"form": "-erum",
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"genitive",
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},
{
"form": "-erī",
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[
"-erī",
"-eri#Latin"
]
],
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"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eribus",
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"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
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"accusative",
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},
{
"form": "-era",
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"accusative",
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},
{
"form": "-ere",
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"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eribus",
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"ablative",
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]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
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},
{
"form": "-era",
"source": "declension",
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}
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"g": "n"
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{
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],
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[
"nominative",
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[
"accusative",
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[
"singular",
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[
"third declension",
"Appendix:Latin third declension"
]
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"neuter"
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}
],
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{
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]
},
{
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},
{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
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"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
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}
],
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}
{
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{
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"2": "itc-ola",
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"name": "der"
},
{
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{
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{
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"table-tags"
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},
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{
"form": "-ūs",
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[
"-ūs",
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]
],
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"nominative",
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]
},
{
"form": "-ūs",
"links": [
[
"-ūs",
"-us#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "-uum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uī",
"links": [
[
"-uī",
"-ui#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ubus",
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"dative",
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]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
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"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūs",
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[
"-ūs",
"-us#Latin"
]
],
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"accusative",
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},
{
"form": "-ū",
"links": [
[
"-ū",
"-u#Latin"
]
],
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},
{
"form": "-ubus",
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"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
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"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūs",
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[
"-ūs",
"-us#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
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"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
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"g1": "m",
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}
],
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{
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[
"nominative",
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[
"vocative",
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[
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"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
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],
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}
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
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}
],
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}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "",
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{
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"2": "itc-pro",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ūs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
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{
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{
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[
"genitive",
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"singular",
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],
[
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]
],
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"la:genitive singular"
],
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"morpheme"
]
},
{
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],
"id": "en--us-la-suffix-de-sxqma",
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[
"nominative",
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"vocative",
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"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
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[
"fourth declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
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"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"accusative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
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[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
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[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
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[
"fourth declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:accusative plural"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
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}
],
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{
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]
},
{
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{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
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]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
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],
"word": "-us"
}
{
"etymology_number": "4",
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"args": {
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"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
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{
"args": {
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"3": "*-s",
"4": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-os, a genitive singular ending for athematic nouns (an o-grade alternative to e-grade *-es, which developed to the usual Latin third-declension genitive singular ending -is).",
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{
"args": {
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"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
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"expansion": "-us",
"name": "head"
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],
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{
"categories": [],
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],
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[
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]
],
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"(rare) alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension"
],
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"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[ʊs]",
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]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
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},
{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
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"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine suffixes",
"Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
"Latin first and second declension suffixes",
"Latin inflectional suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine suffixes",
"Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
"Latin neuter suffixes",
"Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin second declension suffixes",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Old Latin",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
],
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"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "itc-ola",
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"expansion": "Old Latin -os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"pos": "adjectival ending"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
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},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-az"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अः"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōrum",
"links": [
[
"-ōrum",
"-orum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōs",
"links": [
[
"-ōs",
"-os#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second-declension noun",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "with locative.",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Second-declension noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "singular only.",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "though rare",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "classical pelagus.",
"source": "declension"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<2>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"g3": "n"
},
"expansion": "-us m or f or n (genitive -ī); second declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<2.loc>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<2.N.a.sg>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "piscis (“fish”) + capiō (“to grasp, catch”) + -us → piscicapus (“a fishcatcher, fisher”)"
},
{
"text": "via (“road; way”) + curō (“to take care”) + -us → viocūrus (“a road overseer”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
],
[
"agent noun",
"Appendix:Glossary#agent_noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"(somewhat popular) used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
],
"senseid": [
"la:agent noun"
],
"tags": [
"common",
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin links with redundant wikilinks"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Kepler + -us → Keplerus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
],
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
"(New Latin) used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
],
"senseid": [
"la:Latinization"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin links with redundant target parameters",
"Latin terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "vīrus (“a poisonous or acrid secretion”); vulgus (“common people”); pelagus (“sea”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"second declension",
"Appendix:Latin second declension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(very rare) nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine suffixes",
"Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
"Latin first and second declension suffixes",
"Latin inflectional suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine suffixes",
"Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
"Latin neuter suffixes",
"Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin second declension suffixes",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Old Latin",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>",
"id": "second declension"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "-os"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin -os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"pos": "adjectival ending"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-az"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अः"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-a",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōrum",
"links": [
[
"-ōrum",
"-orum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ārum",
"links": [
[
"-ārum",
"-arum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōrum",
"links": [
[
"-ōrum",
"-orum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-am",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōs",
"links": [
[
"-ōs",
"-os#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"links": [
[
"-ās",
"-as#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"links": [
[
"-ā",
"-a#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ī",
"links": [
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-īs",
"links": [
[
"-īs",
"-is#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us"
},
"expansion": "-us (feminine -a, neuter -um); first/second-declension suffix",
"name": "la-suffix-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-us<1&2+.loc>"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: -ātus"
},
{
"text": "bī- (“two”) + hiems (“winter”) + -us → bīmus (“two-year-old”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- (privative prefix) + animus (“soul, life”) + -us → inanimus (“lifeless, inanimate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"suffixed to noun stems",
"derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"having (noun)\"; most productive in New Latin"
],
"senseid": [
"la:denominative adjective",
"la:possessive adjective"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-is"
},
{
"word": "-ātus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Hibēr (“Iberian”, noun) + -us → Hibērus (“Iberian”, adjective)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Marōnēa (“the Thracian city of Maronea”) + -us → Marōnēus (“Maronean; of Maronea”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "vesper (“evening”) + -us → vesperus (“evening, of the evening”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sūcinum (“amber”) + -us → sūcinus (“amber, of amber”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"suffixed to noun stems",
"derives relational adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"relational",
"Appendix:Glossary#relational"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"suffixed to noun stems",
"(rare) derives relational adjectives"
],
"senseid": [
"la:denominative adjective",
"la:relational adjective"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-icus"
},
{
"word": "-eus"
},
{
"word": "-īnus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"rare",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "invideō (“to be jealous of, envy; to look askance at (someone)”) + -us → invidus (“envious; hostile”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sonō (“to sound”) + -us → -sonus (“-sounding”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dīcō (“to say”) + -us → -dicus (“-saying”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
"-ing: suffixed to verb stems, derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"doing/that does (verb)\""
],
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:deverbal adjective"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-uus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin inflectional suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter suffixes",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"final vowel replaced due to analogy with feminine plural forms"
],
"word": "-uri"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ura"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ira"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ara"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"id": "neuter s-stem suf"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"pos": "suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Generally from Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs), as in genus n from *ǵénh₁os n (“race”). Not a productive derivational suffix in historical Latin. (However, De Vaan cites pondus n and possibly vellus n as formations that may date to a prehistoric stage of the Latin language.) The plural and oblique case forms have -r- as the result of the sound change of rhotacism. Additionally, in many words, the oblique stem has the vowel -ĕ- (as in generis), which is generally taken to be the phonetically regular development of the Proto-Indo-European forms. Some words, such as decus, decoris, instead have -ŏ- in the oblique stem; this is the result of analogical introduction of the rounded vowel from the nominative/accusative singular form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-era",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-erum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-erī",
"links": [
[
"-erī",
"-eri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-era",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-era",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
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"2": "suffix",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-us n",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative/vocative singular ending of some neuter nouns in the third declension"
],
"links": [
[
"nominative",
"Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
],
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"vocative",
"Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
],
[
"singular",
"Appendix:Glossary#singular"
],
[
"third declension",
"Appendix:Latin third declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine suffixes",
"Latin inflectional suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine suffixes",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "",
"4": "-us"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin -us",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-us"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-us",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-us",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-us",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tus",
"pos": "suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūs",
"links": [
[
"-ūs",
"-us#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūs",
"links": [
[
"-ūs",
"-us#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uī",
"links": [
[
"-uī",
"-ui#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ubus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūs",
"links": [
[
"-ūs",
"-us#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ū",
"links": [
[
"-ū",
"-u#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ubus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūs",
"links": [
[
"-ūs",
"-us#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix",
"g1": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "-us m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"nominative",
"Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
],
[
"vocative",
"Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
],
[
"singular",
"Appendix:Glossary#singular"
],
[
"fourth declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
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"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
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]
},
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},
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"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
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}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine suffixes",
"Latin inflectional suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine suffixes",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
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{
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"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "",
"4": "-us"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin -us",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-us"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-us",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-us",
"nocat": "1"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "ine-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ūs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-ūs"
},
"expansion": "-ūs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-tus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"genitive",
"Appendix:Glossary#genitive"
],
[
"singular",
"Appendix:Glossary#singular"
],
[
"fourth declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
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],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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],
"links": [
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"nominative",
"Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
],
[
"vocative",
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],
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"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
],
[
"fourth declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"accusative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
],
"links": [
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
],
[
"fourth declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:accusative plural"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
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},
{
"ipa": "[uːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
{
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"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin inflectional suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "4",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "consonant-stem genitive suf"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"4": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-os, a genitive singular ending for athematic nouns (an o-grade alternative to e-grade *-es, which developed to the usual Latin third-declension genitive singular ending -is).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
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"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
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{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with rare senses"
],
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],
"links": [
[
"third declension",
"Appendix:Latin third declension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
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},
{
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"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -us meaning in Latin (30.0kB)
{
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"path": [
"-us"
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"section": "Latin",
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"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
"-us"
],
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"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
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}
{
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"path": [
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}
{
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"path": [
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}
{
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"path": [
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],
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}
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{
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"title": "-us",
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}
{
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"path": [
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],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-us",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (702fa29 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.