"-us" meaning in Latin

See -us in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: [ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [uːs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:inh|itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>|id=second declension}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-us", "lang" : "la" }" data-id="second declension" data-lang="la" data-title="-us" id="Latin:_second_declension">, {{der|la|itc-ola|-os}} Old Latin -os, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*-os}} Proto-Italic *-os, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-os|pos=adjectival ending}} Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending), {{cog|grc|-ος}} Ancient Greek -ος (-os), {{cog|gem-pro|*-az}} Proto-Germanic *-az, {{cog|is|-ur}} Icelandic -ur, {{cog|sa|-अः}} Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), {{cog|sla-pro|*-ъ}} Proto-Slavic *-ъ Head templates: {{la-suffix-noun|-us<2>|g=m|g2=f|g3=n}} -us m or f or n (genitive -ī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|-us<2.loc>}}, {{la-ndecl|-us<2.N.a.sg>}} Forms: -ī [genitive], neuter [table-tags], -us [nominative, singular], -ī [nominative, plural], -ī [genitive, singular], -ōrum [genitive, plural], -ō [dative, singular], -īs [dative, plural], -um [accusative, singular], -ōs [accusative, plural], -ō [ablative, singular], -īs [ablative, plural], -e [singular, vocative], -ī [plural, vocative], -ī [locative, singular], -īs [locative, plural], neuter [table-tags], -us [nominative, singular], -ī [genitive, singular], -ō [dative, singular], -us [accusative, singular], -ō [ablative, singular], -us [singular, vocative], no-table-tags [table-tags], Second-declension noun, with locative., Second-declension noun [accusative, neuter, nominative, vocative], singular only., though rare, classical pelagus.
  1. usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives
    (somewhat popular) used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns
    Tags: common, declension-2, feminine, masculine, morpheme, neuter
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-la:agent_noun Categories (other): Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension, Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension: 20 20 21 17 13 5 4 Disambiguation of Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension: 26 26 16 13 11 5 4
  2. usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives
    (New Latin) used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants
    Tags: New-Latin, declension-2, feminine, masculine, morpheme, neuter
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-la:Latinization Categories (other): Latin links with redundant wikilinks, Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension, Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension: 20 20 21 17 13 5 4 Disambiguation of Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension: 26 26 16 13 11 5 4
  3. (rare) usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns Tags: declension-2, feminine, masculine, morpheme, neuter, rare
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-PGlTfoIL Categories (other): Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension, Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension: 20 20 21 17 13 5 4 Disambiguation of Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension: 26 26 16 13 11 5 4
  4. (very rare) nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns: Tags: declension-2, feminine, masculine, morpheme, neuter, rare
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-NfSMox6N Categories (other): Latin links with redundant target parameters, Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension, Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension, Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension: 20 20 21 17 13 5 4 Disambiguation of Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension: 26 26 16 13 11 5 4 Disambiguation of Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension: 15 15 15 32 11 6 5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

IPA: [ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [uːs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:inh|itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>|id=second declension}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-us", "lang" : "la" }" data-id="second declension" data-lang="la" data-title="-us" id="Latin:_second_declension">, {{der|la|itc-ola|-os}} Old Latin -os, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*-os}} Proto-Italic *-os, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-os|pos=adjectival ending}} Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending), {{cog|grc|-ος}} Ancient Greek -ος (-os), {{cog|gem-pro|*-az}} Proto-Germanic *-az, {{cog|is|-ur}} Icelandic -ur, {{cog|sa|-अः}} Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), {{cog|sla-pro|*-ъ}} Proto-Slavic *-ъ Head templates: {{la-suffix-adj|-us}} -us (feminine -a, neuter -um); first/second-declension suffix Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|-us<1&2+.loc>}} Forms: -a [feminine], -um [neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], -us [masculine, nominative, singular], -a [feminine, nominative, singular], -um [neuter, nominative, singular], -ī [masculine, nominative, plural], -ae [feminine, nominative, plural], -a [neuter, nominative, plural], -ī [genitive, masculine, singular], -ae [feminine, genitive, singular], -ī [genitive, neuter, singular], -ōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], -ārum [feminine, genitive, plural], -ōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], -ō [dative, masculine, singular], -ae [dative, feminine, singular], -ō [dative, neuter, singular], -īs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], -um [accusative, masculine, singular], -am [accusative, feminine, singular], -um [accusative, neuter, singular], -ōs [accusative, masculine, plural], -ās [accusative, feminine, plural], -a [accusative, neuter, plural], -ō [ablative, masculine, singular], -ā [ablative, feminine, singular], -ō [ablative, neuter, singular], -īs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], -e [masculine, singular, vocative], -a [feminine, singular, vocative], -um [neuter, singular, vocative], -ī [masculine, plural, vocative], -ae [feminine, plural, vocative], -a [neuter, plural, vocative], -ī [locative, masculine, singular], -ae [feminine, locative, singular], -ī [locative, neuter, singular], -īs [feminine, locative, masculine, neuter, plural]
  1. used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech
    suffixed to noun stems
    derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like "having (noun)"; most productive in New Latin
    Tags: declension-1, declension-2, morpheme, suffix Synonyms: -is, -ātus
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-la:denominative_adjective Categories (other): Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension, Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension, Latin suffixes with multiple genders Disambiguation of Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension: 20 20 21 17 13 5 4 Disambiguation of Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension: 26 26 16 13 11 5 4 Disambiguation of Latin suffixes with multiple genders: 10 8 6 5 25 10 9 5 5 8 9
  2. used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech
    suffixed to noun stems
    (rare) derives relational adjectives
    Tags: declension-1, declension-2, morpheme, rare, suffix Synonyms: -icus, -eus, -īnus
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-la:denominative_adjective1 Categories (other): Pages with entries, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Pages using etymon with no ID Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 0 4 3 0 0 4 8 4 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 5 2 0 5 2 2 5 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 7 1 3 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 13 10 2 2 15 26 15 2 4 2 4 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 15 15 3 2 19 27 19
  3. used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech
    -ing: suffixed to verb stems, derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like "doing/that does (verb)"
    Tags: declension-1, declension-2, morpheme, suffix Synonyms: -uus
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-la:deverbal_adjective
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

IPA: [ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [uːs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Generally from Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs), as in genus n from *ǵénh₁os n (“race”). Not a productive derivational suffix in historical Latin. (However, De Vaan cites pondus n and possibly vellus n as formations that may date to a prehistoric stage of the Latin language.) The plural and oblique case forms have -r- as the result of the sound change of rhotacism. Additionally, in many words, the oblique stem has the vowel -ĕ- (as in generis), which is generally taken to be the phonetically regular development of the Proto-Indo-European forms. Some words, such as decus, decoris, instead have -ŏ- in the oblique stem; this is the result of analogical introduction of the rounded vowel from the nominative/accusative singular form. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|id=neuter s-stem suf}}, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-os|pos=suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs}} Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs) Head templates: {{head|la|suffix|g=n}} -us n Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -us [nominative, singular], -era [nominative, plural], -eris [genitive, singular], -erum [genitive, plural], -erī [dative, singular], -eribus [dative, plural], -us [accusative, singular], -era [accusative, plural], -ere [ablative, singular], -eribus [ablative, plural], -us [singular, vocative], -era [plural, vocative]
  1. nominative/accusative/vocative singular ending of some neuter nouns in the third declension Tags: morpheme, neuter
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-UoFJdfzK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix

IPA: [ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [uːs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots). Etymology templates: {{der|la|itc-ola||-us}} Old Latin -us, {{inh|la|itc-pro||*-us}} Proto-Italic *-us, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*-us|nocat=1}} Proto-Indo-European *-us, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-tus|pos=suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots}} Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots) Head templates: {{head|la|suffix|g1=m|g2=f}} -us m or f Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -us [nominative, singular], -ūs [nominative, plural], -ūs [genitive, singular], -uum [genitive, plural], -uī [dative, singular], -ubus [dative, plural], -um [accusative, singular], -ūs [accusative, plural], -ū [ablative, singular], -ubus [ablative, plural], -us [singular, vocative], -ūs [plural, vocative]
  1. nominative/vocative singular ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension Tags: feminine, masculine, morpheme
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-I5xeQtvU
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Suffix

IPA: [ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [uːs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) Forms: -ūs [canonical]
Etymology: Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots). Etymology templates: {{der|la|itc-ola||-us}} Old Latin -us, {{inh|la|itc-pro||*-us}} Proto-Italic *-us, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*-us|nocat=1}} Proto-Indo-European *-us, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-tus|pos=suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots}} Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots) Head templates: {{head|la|suffix|head=-ūs}} -ūs
  1. genitive singular ending of nouns in the fourth declension Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-la:genitive_singular
  2. nominative/vocative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-de-sxqma
  3. accusative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-la:accusative_plural
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: -tus
Etymology number: 3

Suffix

IPA: [ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [uːs] [Classical-Latin], [us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *-os, a genitive singular ending for athematic nouns (an o-grade alternative to e-grade *-es, which developed to the usual Latin third-declension genitive singular ending -is). Etymology templates: {{etymid|la|consonant-stem genitive suf}}, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-s|*-os}} Proto-Indo-European *-os Head templates: {{head|la|suffix|cat2=inflectional suffixes|head=-us}} -us
  1. (rare) alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension Tags: morpheme, rare
    Sense id: en--us-la-suffix-PXtA-YXa
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>",
        "id": "second declension"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -os",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-os",
        "pos": "adjectival ending"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-az"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "-ur"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-अः"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "neuter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōrum",
          "-orum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōs",
          "-os#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-e",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "neuter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second-declension noun",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "with locative.",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "Second-declension noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "singular only.",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "though rare",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "classical pelagus.",
      "source": "declension"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<2>",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "-us m or f or n (genitive -ī); second declension",
      "name": "la-suffix-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<2.loc>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<2.N.a.sg>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "piscis (“fish”) + capiō (“to grasp, catch”) + -us → piscicapus (“a fishcatcher, fisher”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "via (“road; way”) + curō (“to take care”) + -us → viocūrus (“a road overseer”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:agent_noun",
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ],
        [
          "agent noun",
          "Appendix:Glossary#agent_noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "(somewhat popular) used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:agent noun"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common",
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Kepler + -us → Keplerus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:Latinization",
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "(New Latin) used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:Latinization"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-PGlTfoIL",
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 32 11 6 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vīrus (“a poisonous or acrid secretion”); vulgus (“common people”); pelagus (“sea”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-NfSMox6N",
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(very rare) nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns:"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>",
        "id": "second declension"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -os",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-os",
        "pos": "adjectival ending"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-az"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "-ur"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-अः"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōrum",
          "-orum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ārum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ārum",
          "-arum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōrum",
          "-orum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-am",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōs",
          "-os#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ās",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ās",
          "-as#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ā",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ā",
          "-a#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-e",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "-us (feminine -a, neuter -um); first/second-declension suffix",
      "name": "la-suffix-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<1&2+.loc>"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 21 17 13 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 16 13 11 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 6 5 25 10 9 5 5 8 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Near-synonym: -ātus"
        },
        {
          "text": "bī- (“two”) + hiems (“winter”) + -us → bīmus (“two-year-old”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "in- (privative prefix) + animus (“soul, life”) + -us → inanimus (“lifeless, inanimate”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "suffixed to noun stems",
        "derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"having (noun)\"; most productive in New Latin"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:denominative_adjective",
      "senseid": [
        "la:denominative adjective",
        "la:possessive adjective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-is"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ātus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "suffix"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 0 4 3 0 0 4 8 4 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 5 2 0 5 2 2 5 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 7 1 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 10 2 2 15 26 15 2 4 2 4 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 3 2 19 27 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Hibēr (“Iberian”, noun) + -us → Hibērus (“Iberian”, adjective)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Marōnēa (“the Thracian city of Maronea”) + -us → Marōnēus (“Maronean; of Maronea”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vesper (“evening”) + -us → vesperus (“evening, of the evening”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "sūcinum (“amber”) + -us → sūcinus (“amber, of amber”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "suffixed to noun stems",
        "derives relational adjectives"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:denominative_adjective1",
      "links": [
        [
          "relational",
          "Appendix:Glossary#relational"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "suffixed to noun stems",
        "(rare) derives relational adjectives"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:denominative adjective",
        "la:relational adjective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-icus"
        },
        {
          "word": "-eus"
        },
        {
          "word": "-īnus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "rare",
        "suffix"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "invideō (“to be jealous of, envy; to look askance at (someone)”) + -us → invidus (“envious; hostile”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "sonō (“to sound”) + -us → -sonus (“-sounding”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "dīcō (“to say”) + -us → -dicus (“-saying”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "-ing: suffixed to verb stems, derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"doing/that does (verb)\""
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:deverbal_adjective",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:deverbal adjective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-uus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "suffix"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "final vowel replaced due to analogy with feminine plural forms"
      ],
      "word": "-uri"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "-ura"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "-ira"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "-ara"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "id": "neuter s-stem suf"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-os",
        "pos": "suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Generally from Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs), as in genus n from *ǵénh₁os n (“race”). Not a productive derivational suffix in historical Latin. (However, De Vaan cites pondus n and possibly vellus n as formations that may date to a prehistoric stage of the Latin language.) The plural and oblique case forms have -r- as the result of the sound change of rhotacism. Additionally, in many words, the oblique stem has the vowel -ĕ- (as in generis), which is generally taken to be the phonetically regular development of the Proto-Indo-European forms. Some words, such as decus, decoris, instead have -ŏ- in the oblique stem; this is the result of analogical introduction of the rounded vowel from the nominative/accusative singular form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-era",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-eris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-erum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-erī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-erī",
          "-eri#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-eribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-era",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-eribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-era",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "-us n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/accusative/vocative singular ending of some neuter nouns in the third declension"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-UoFJdfzK",
      "links": [
        [
          "nominative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
        ],
        [
          "accusative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
        ],
        [
          "vocative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular"
        ],
        [
          "third declension",
          "Appendix:Latin third declension"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -us",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-tus",
        "pos": "suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-uum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-uī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-uī",
          "-ui#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ubus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ū",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ū",
          "-u#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ubus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g1": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-us m or f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/vocative singular ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-I5xeQtvU",
      "links": [
        [
          "nominative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
        ],
        [
          "vocative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -us",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-tus",
        "pos": "suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "-ūs"
      },
      "expansion": "-ūs",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-tus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "genitive singular ending of nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:genitive_singular",
      "links": [
        [
          "genitive",
          "Appendix:Glossary#genitive"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:genitive singular"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/vocative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-de-sxqma",
      "links": [
        [
          "nominative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
        ],
        [
          "vocative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
        ],
        [
          "plural",
          "Appendix:Glossary#plural"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "accusative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-la:accusative_plural",
      "links": [
        [
          "accusative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
        ],
        [
          "plural",
          "Appendix:Glossary#plural"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:accusative plural"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "4",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "consonant-stem genitive suf"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-s",
        "4": "*-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-os, a genitive singular ending for athematic nouns (an o-grade alternative to e-grade *-es, which developed to the usual Latin third-declension genitive singular ending -is).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "head": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "-us",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension"
      ],
      "id": "en--us-la-suffix-PXtA-YXa",
      "links": [
        [
          "third declension",
          "Appendix:Latin third declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine suffixes",
    "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin first and second declension suffixes",
    "Latin inflectional suffixes",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine suffixes",
    "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin neuter suffixes",
    "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin second declension suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
    "Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>",
        "id": "second declension"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -os",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-os",
        "pos": "adjectival ending"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-az"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "-ur"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-अः"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "neuter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōrum",
          "-orum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōs",
          "-os#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-e",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "neuter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second-declension noun",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "with locative.",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "Second-declension noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "singular only.",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "though rare",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "classical pelagus.",
      "source": "declension"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<2>",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "-us m or f or n (genitive -ī); second declension",
      "name": "la-suffix-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<2.loc>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<2.N.a.sg>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "piscis (“fish”) + capiō (“to grasp, catch”) + -us → piscicapus (“a fishcatcher, fisher”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "via (“road; way”) + curō (“to take care”) + -us → viocūrus (“a road overseer”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ],
        [
          "agent noun",
          "Appendix:Glossary#agent_noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "(somewhat popular) used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:agent noun"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common",
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin links with redundant wikilinks"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Kepler + -us → Keplerus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives",
        "(New Latin) used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:Latinization"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin links with redundant target parameters",
        "Latin terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vīrus (“a poisonous or acrid secretion”); vulgus (“common people”); pelagus (“sea”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "second declension",
          "Appendix:Latin second declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(very rare) nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns:"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine suffixes",
    "Latin feminine suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin first and second declension suffixes",
    "Latin inflectional suffixes",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine suffixes",
    "Latin masculine suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin neuter suffixes",
    "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin second declension suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
    "Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-ola:-os<ety:inh<itc-pro:*-os>>",
        "id": "second declension"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"second declension\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-us\" id=\"Latin:_second_declension\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -os",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-os",
        "pos": "adjectival ending"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ος (-os)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-az"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-az",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "-ur"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic -ur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-अः"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъ",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōrum",
          "-orum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ārum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ārum",
          "-arum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōrum",
          "-orum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-am",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ōs",
          "-os#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ās",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ās",
          "-as#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ā",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ā",
          "-a#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ō",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ō",
          "-o#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-e",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ī",
          "-i#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-īs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-īs",
          "-is#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "-us (feminine -a, neuter -um); first/second-declension suffix",
      "name": "la-suffix-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-us<1&2+.loc>"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Near-synonym: -ātus"
        },
        {
          "text": "bī- (“two”) + hiems (“winter”) + -us → bīmus (“two-year-old”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "in- (privative prefix) + animus (“soul, life”) + -us → inanimus (“lifeless, inanimate”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "suffixed to noun stems",
        "derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"having (noun)\"; most productive in New Latin"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:denominative adjective",
        "la:possessive adjective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-is"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ātus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "suffix"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Hibēr (“Iberian”, noun) + -us → Hibērus (“Iberian”, adjective)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Marōnēa (“the Thracian city of Maronea”) + -us → Marōnēus (“Maronean; of Maronea”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vesper (“evening”) + -us → vesperus (“evening, of the evening”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "sūcinum (“amber”) + -us → sūcinus (“amber, of amber”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "suffixed to noun stems",
        "derives relational adjectives"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "relational",
          "Appendix:Glossary#relational"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "suffixed to noun stems",
        "(rare) derives relational adjectives"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:denominative adjective",
        "la:relational adjective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-icus"
        },
        {
          "word": "-eus"
        },
        {
          "word": "-īnus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "rare",
        "suffix"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "invideō (“to be jealous of, envy; to look askance at (someone)”) + -us → invidus (“envious; hostile”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "sonō (“to sound”) + -us → -sonus (“-sounding”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "dīcō (“to say”) + -us → -dicus (“-saying”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech",
        "-ing: suffixed to verb stems, derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like \"doing/that does (verb)\""
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:deverbal adjective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-uus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "suffix"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin inflectional suffixes",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter suffixes",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "final vowel replaced due to analogy with feminine plural forms"
      ],
      "word": "-uri"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "-ura"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "-ira"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "-ara"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "id": "neuter s-stem suf"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-os",
        "pos": "suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Generally from Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs), as in genus n from *ǵénh₁os n (“race”). Not a productive derivational suffix in historical Latin. (However, De Vaan cites pondus n and possibly vellus n as formations that may date to a prehistoric stage of the Latin language.) The plural and oblique case forms have -r- as the result of the sound change of rhotacism. Additionally, in many words, the oblique stem has the vowel -ĕ- (as in generis), which is generally taken to be the phonetically regular development of the Proto-Indo-European forms. Some words, such as decus, decoris, instead have -ŏ- in the oblique stem; this is the result of analogical introduction of the rounded vowel from the nominative/accusative singular form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-era",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-eris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-erum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-erī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-erī",
          "-eri#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-eribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-era",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-eribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-era",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "-us n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/accusative/vocative singular ending of some neuter nouns in the third declension"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nominative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
        ],
        [
          "accusative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
        ],
        [
          "vocative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular"
        ],
        [
          "third declension",
          "Appendix:Latin third declension"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine suffixes",
    "Latin inflectional suffixes",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine suffixes",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
    "Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -us",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-tus",
        "pos": "suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-uum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-uī",
      "links": [
        [
          "-uī",
          "-ui#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ubus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-um",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ū",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ū",
          "-u#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ubus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ūs",
          "-us#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g1": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-us m or f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/vocative singular ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nominative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
        ],
        [
          "vocative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine suffixes",
    "Latin inflectional suffixes",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine suffixes",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
    "Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin -us",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-us",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-us",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-tus",
        "pos": "suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ūs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "-ūs"
      },
      "expansion": "-ūs",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-tus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "genitive singular ending of nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "genitive",
          "Appendix:Glossary#genitive"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:genitive singular"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nominative/vocative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nominative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
        ],
        [
          "vocative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#vocative"
        ],
        [
          "plural",
          "Appendix:Glossary#plural"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "accusative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "accusative",
          "Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
        ],
        [
          "plural",
          "Appendix:Glossary#plural"
        ],
        [
          "fourth declension",
          "Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:accusative plural"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin inflectional suffixes",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "4",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "consonant-stem genitive suf"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-s",
        "4": "*-os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-os, a genitive singular ending for athematic nouns (an o-grade alternative to e-grade *-es, which developed to the usual Latin third-declension genitive singular ending -is).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "head": "-us"
      },
      "expansion": "-us",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "third declension",
          "Appendix:Latin third declension"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[uːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-us"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -us meaning in Latin (30.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for Second-declension noun",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for with locative.",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for singular only.",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for dummy-ignored-text-cell",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for though rare",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for classical pelagus.",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": "started on line 94, detected on line 94"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": "started on line 4, detected on line 94"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 94"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": "started on line 94, detected on line 94"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": "started on line 4, detected on line 94"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 94"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-us"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-us",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (702fa29 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.