See 私 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 私 meaning in Japanese (29.2kB)
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 6 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sasamegoto",
"ruby": [
[
"私語",
"ささめごと"
]
],
"word": "私語"
},
{
"english": "to whisper, rumor",
"roman": "sasayaku",
"ruby": [
[
"私語",
"ささや"
]
],
"word": "私語く"
}
],
"id": "en-私-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Shift from watakushi below.\nThis reading was already prevalent in early modern times, possibly around the mid-late Muromachi to early-Edo period.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "watashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "わたし"
},
"expansion": "私(わたし) • (watashi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 4 22 4 22 1 15 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 4 27 4 27 0 9 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 4 25 3 25 1 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 26 31 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 6 23 5 23 2 6 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "うち 49%"
},
{
"word": "First name 26%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 15%"
},
{
"word": "First name 33%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 29%"
},
{
"word": "うち 23%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 86%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 7%"
},
{
"word": "うち 6%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 75%"
},
{
"word": "あたし"
},
{
"word": "first name"
},
{
"word": "うち 8% each"
},
{
"word": "わたし 66%"
},
{
"word": "First name 13%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 9%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 72%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 19%"
},
{
"word": "First name 4%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 62%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 23%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 85%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 13%"
},
{
"word": "First name"
},
{
"word": "nickname 1% each"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 64%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 26%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 67%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 27%"
},
{
"word": "First name 3%"
},
{
"word": "うち 39%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 30%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 22%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 28%"
},
{
"word": "First name 27%"
},
{
"word": "うち 18%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 89%"
},
{
"word": "自分 3%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 81%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 10%"
},
{
"word": "自分 6%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 77%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 17%"
},
{
"word": "自分 7%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 87%"
},
{
"word": "うち 4%"
},
{
"word": "わたし"
},
{
"word": "自分 2% each"
},
{
"word": "おれ 88%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく"
},
{
"word": "自分 5% each"
},
{
"word": "わたし 48%"
},
{
"word": "自分 28%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 22%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 36%"
},
{
"word": "自分 29%"
},
{
"word": "自分 38%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 29%"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "watashitachi",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"達",
"たち"
]
],
"word": "私達"
},
{
"roman": "watashidomo",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"共",
"ども"
]
],
"word": "私共"
},
{
"roman": "atashi",
"word": "あたし"
},
{
"roman": "watai",
"word": "わたい"
},
{
"roman": "watasu",
"word": "わたす"
},
{
"roman": "wasshi",
"word": "わっし"
},
{
"roman": "watchi",
"word": "わっち"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am British.",
"roman": "Watashi wa Igirisu-jin desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"text": "私はイギリス人です。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-pron-VdtzOadF",
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"pronoun",
"pronoun#English"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(polite) first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "ore",
"ruby": [
[
"俺",
"おれ"
]
],
"word": "俺"
},
{
"roman": "shōsei",
"ruby": [
[
"小",
"しょう"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "小生"
},
{
"roman": "shōshoku",
"ruby": [
[
"小",
"しょう"
],
[
"職",
"しょく"
]
],
"word": "小職"
},
{
"english": "chin",
"ruby": [
[
"朕",
"ちん"
]
],
"word": "朕"
},
{
"roman": "boku",
"ruby": [
[
"僕",
"ぼく"
]
],
"word": "僕"
},
{
"roman": "yo",
"ruby": [
[
"余",
"よ"
]
],
"word": "余"
},
{
"english": "ware",
"ruby": [
[
"我",
"われ"
]
],
"word": "我"
},
{
"roman": "washi",
"ruby": [
[
"儂",
"わし"
]
],
"word": "儂"
}
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わたし"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠ta̠ɕi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Edo period",
"Muromachi period",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "watakushisuru",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
]
],
"word": "私する"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "watakushi akinai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"商",
"あきな"
]
],
"word": "私商い"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sudden rain shower falling in just a small area",
"roman": "watakushi ame",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"雨",
"あめ"
]
],
"word": "私雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "私戦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private feud",
"roman": "watakushi ikusa",
"word": "私軍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "私銀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "personal money, secret savings, financial nest egg",
"roman": "watakushigane",
"word": "私金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "watakushigoto",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"事",
"ごと"
]
],
"word": "私事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private feud",
"roman": "watakushi tatakai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"戦",
"たたか"
]
],
"word": "私戦い"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chatting up a go-between or mediator, as an aside to the main issue being mediated",
"roman": "watakushi tawabure",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"戯",
"たわぶ"
]
],
"word": "私戯れ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "私",
"sort": "わたくし",
"tr": "watakusi"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 私 (watakusi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "我",
"3": "",
"4": "I, me",
"tr": "wa"
},
"expansion": "我 (wa, “I, me”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "public",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "綿",
"3": "",
"4": "cotton; cotton batting",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "腸",
"3": "",
"4": "guts, one's innards",
"pos": "likely derived from the “batting” sense",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "海",
"3": "",
"4": "sea, ocean",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "海 (wata, “sea, ocean”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "串",
"3": "",
"4": "skewer",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "串 (kusi, “skewer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奇し",
"3": "",
"4": "magic, fantastic, supernatural",
"pos": "adjective",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "酒",
"3": "",
"4": "alcoholic beverage",
"pos": "likely derived from the “magic” sense",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "櫛",
"3": "",
"4": "comb",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "櫛 (kusi, “comb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "privatization"
},
"expansion": "privatization",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "personal"
},
"expansion": "personal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "person"
},
"expansion": "person",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 私 (watakusi).\nA surface analysis suggests a compound term. However, no likely etyma are known.\n* From first-person pronoun 我 (wa, “I, me”) + takusi: although the first element seems likely, the original meaning of watakushi was “private”, as opposed to “public”, with no first-person pronoun usage until the late 13th century.\n* From wata + kusi: the only phonetic matches are 綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”), 腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense), 海 (wata, “sea, ocean”) + 串 (kusi, “skewer”), 奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective), 酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense), 櫛 (kusi, “comb”).\n* From wataku + si: no such word wataku appears to exist.\n* From wa + ta + ku + si: unknown.\nThe meaning evolved over time from “private” or “privatization”, to refer to things that are personal, to refer to one's own person, and then finally to serve as a generic first-person pronoun. The full form watakushi is still used in modern Japanese as a formal, highly polite first-person pronoun. The abbreviated form watashi is now the most common and neutrally polite first-person pronoun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "watakushi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "わたくし"
},
"expansion": "私(わたくし) • (watakushi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 26 31 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a personal or private matter"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-noun-AykIrbiu",
"links": [
[
"personal",
"personal"
],
[
"private",
"private"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 4 22 4 22 1 15 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 4 27 4 27 0 9 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 45 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 4 25 3 25 1 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 26 31 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 6 23 5 23 2 6 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 28 3 28 1 16 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"selfishness"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-noun-omKdFpDH",
"links": [
[
"selfishness",
"selfishness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) selfishness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "自分勝手"
},
{
"word": "私利私欲"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わたくし"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠ta̠kɯ̟̊ᵝɕi]"
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "私",
"sort": "わたくし",
"tr": "watakusi"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 私 (watakusi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "我",
"3": "",
"4": "I, me",
"tr": "wa"
},
"expansion": "我 (wa, “I, me”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "public",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "綿",
"3": "",
"4": "cotton; cotton batting",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "腸",
"3": "",
"4": "guts, one's innards",
"pos": "likely derived from the “batting” sense",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "海",
"3": "",
"4": "sea, ocean",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "海 (wata, “sea, ocean”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "串",
"3": "",
"4": "skewer",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "串 (kusi, “skewer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奇し",
"3": "",
"4": "magic, fantastic, supernatural",
"pos": "adjective",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "酒",
"3": "",
"4": "alcoholic beverage",
"pos": "likely derived from the “magic” sense",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "櫛",
"3": "",
"4": "comb",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "櫛 (kusi, “comb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "privatization"
},
"expansion": "privatization",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "personal"
},
"expansion": "personal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "person"
},
"expansion": "person",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 私 (watakusi).\nA surface analysis suggests a compound term. However, no likely etyma are known.\n* From first-person pronoun 我 (wa, “I, me”) + takusi: although the first element seems likely, the original meaning of watakushi was “private”, as opposed to “public”, with no first-person pronoun usage until the late 13th century.\n* From wata + kusi: the only phonetic matches are 綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”), 腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense), 海 (wata, “sea, ocean”) + 串 (kusi, “skewer”), 奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective), 酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense), 櫛 (kusi, “comb”).\n* From wataku + si: no such word wataku appears to exist.\n* From wa + ta + ku + si: unknown.\nThe meaning evolved over time from “private” or “privatization”, to refer to things that are personal, to refer to one's own person, and then finally to serve as a generic first-person pronoun. The full form watakushi is still used in modern Japanese as a formal, highly polite first-person pronoun. The abbreviated form watashi is now the most common and neutrally polite first-person pronoun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "watakushi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "わたくし"
},
"expansion": "私(わたくし) • (watakushi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 4 22 4 22 1 15 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 4 27 4 27 0 9 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 4 25 3 25 1 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 26 31 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 6 23 5 23 2 6 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 28 3 28 1 16 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "watakushitachi",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"達",
"たち"
]
],
"word": "私達"
},
{
"roman": "watakushidomo",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"共",
"ども"
]
],
"word": "私共"
},
{
"roman": "atakushi",
"word": "あたくし"
},
{
"roman": "wachiki",
"word": "わちき"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-pron-VdtzOadF1",
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"pronoun",
"pronoun#English"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(formal) first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"tags": [
"formal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わたくし"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠ta̠kɯ̟̊ᵝɕi]"
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "favoritism, partiality; a secret love for a woman; the woman so loved",
"roman": "shiai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"愛",
"あい"
]
],
"word": "私愛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private police",
"roman": "shian-keisatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"安",
"あん"
],
[
"警",
"けい"
],
[
"察",
"さつ"
]
],
"word": "私安警察"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private plan or proposal",
"roman": "shian",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"案",
"あん"
]
],
"word": "私案"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "personal opinion; bias; selfishness",
"roman": "shī",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"意",
"い"
]
],
"word": "私意"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private sigil, signet, stamp, or seal",
"roman": "shīn",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"印",
"いん"
]
],
"word": "私印"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "creating a copy of someone else's sigil to forge their stamp",
"roman": "shīngizō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"印",
"いん"
],
[
"偽",
"ぎ"
],
[
"造",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "私印偽造"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private operation, privately operated",
"roman": "shiei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
]
],
"word": "私営"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "privately-operated railway, private rails",
"roman": "shiei tetsudō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"鉄",
"てつ"
],
[
"道",
"どう"
]
],
"word": "私営鉄道"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "in the Heian Period, fields used for large-scale private farming by powerful clans, rather than public farming by the state",
"roman": "shieiden",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"田",
"でん"
]
],
"word": "私営田"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private or individual profit or gain",
"roman": "shieki",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"益",
"えき"
]
],
"word": "私益"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "audience with the emperor regarding a private matter; a private rather than public request",
"roman": "shietsu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"謁",
"えつ"
]
],
"word": "私謁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private grudge, hatred, ill will",
"roman": "shien",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"怨",
"えん"
]
],
"word": "私怨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "favor or duty owed to an individual",
"roman": "shion",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"恩",
"おん"
]
],
"word": "私恩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "one's own home; an individual's home, as opposed to the palace or an office",
"roman": "shika",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "私家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shikashū",
"word": "私家集: in the Edo Period and earlier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "an individual's collection"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "anthology of poetry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "self-publishing, generally without profit motive and with limited distribution; private printing or private edition",
"roman": "shikaban",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
],
[
"版",
"ばん"
]
],
"word": "私家版"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "individual's school of thought",
"roman": "shigaku",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"学",
"がく"
]
],
"word": "私学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private school",
"roman": "shigakkō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"学",
"がっ"
],
[
"校",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私学校"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "government subsidization of private education",
"roman": "shigaku josei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"学",
"がく"
],
[
"助",
"じょ"
],
[
"成",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "私学助成"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "one's personal feeling about something",
"roman": "shikan",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"感",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "私感"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "conflict of laws; private international law",
"roman": "shikanhō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"法",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "私間法"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private enterprise; privately-owned company",
"roman": "shikigyō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"企",
"き"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"word": "私企業"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private record of something",
"roman": "shiki",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"記",
"き"
]
],
"word": "私記"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "privately drafted constitution",
"roman": "shigikenpō, more specifically the Japanese constitution created during 1880-1887",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"擬",
"ぎ"
],
[
"憲",
"けん"
],
[
"法",
"ぽう"
]
],
"word": "私擬-憲法"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "duty or obligation arising from private law",
"roman": "shi gimu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"義",
"ぎ"
],
[
"務",
"む"
]
],
"word": "私義務"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "secret criticism, badmouthing; personal or private opinion",
"roman": "shigi",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"議",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "私議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shikyō-ruijū, Japan's oldest collection of moral instructions, written by Kibi Makibi in the 700s",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"教",
"きょう"
],
[
"類",
"るい"
],
[
"聚",
"じゅう"
]
],
"word": "私教類聚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "work done as an individual; work done for individual profit",
"roman": "shigyō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"word": "私業"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "unjust act committed solely to benefit oneself",
"roman": "shikyoku",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"曲",
"きょく"
]
],
"word": "私曲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private money; money owned by an individual",
"roman": "shikin",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"金",
"きん"
]
],
"word": "私金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "punishment mete out by vigilante or mob justice",
"roman": "shikei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"刑",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "私刑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private favor",
"roman": "shikei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"恵",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "私恵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private economy: economic dealings between private individuals or companies",
"roman": "shikeizai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"経",
"けい"
],
[
"済",
"ざい"
]
],
"word": "私経済"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "one's own thought and opinion; one's own scheme or plan",
"roman": "shikei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"計",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "私計"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private discord",
"roman": "shigeki",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"隙",
"げき"
]
],
"word": "私隙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private or personal right",
"roman": "shiken",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "私権"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "one's own personal opinion; shiken, humble word for",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"見",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "私見"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "whisper, whispering, private conversation",
"roman": "shigo",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "私語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "personal or private friendship or socializing",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私交"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "one's own personal thought",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"考",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私考"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "private actions in one's own life; secret act; going out for personal reasons; sneaking out",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"行",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私行"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shiden",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"田",
"でん"
]
],
"word": "私田"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "in the Nara and Heian periods, rice plants owned by an individual rather than by the state",
"roman": "shitō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"稲",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "私稲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shihō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"法",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "私法"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "し"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "私"
},
"expansion": "私 (MC sij)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/si/ → /ɕi/\nFrom Middle Chinese 私 (MC sij).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "し"
},
"expansion": "私(し) • (shi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"personal, private"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-affix-H7tltJ7H",
"links": [
[
"personal",
"personal"
],
[
"private",
"private"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"secret"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-affix-K7gNU3sd",
"links": [
[
"secret",
"secret"
]
]
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "privately operated bus",
"roman": "shibasu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
]
],
"word": "私バス"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "し"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "私"
},
"expansion": "私 (MC sij)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/si/ → /ɕi/\nFrom Middle Chinese 私 (MC sij).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "し"
},
"expansion": "私(し) • (shi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 44 16 6 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a personal or private matter"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-noun-AykIrbiu1",
"links": [
[
"personal",
"personal"
],
[
"private",
"private"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 4 22 4 22 1 15 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 4 27 4 27 0 9 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 4 25 3 25 1 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 6 23 5 23 2 6 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 28 3 28 1 16 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"selfishness"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-noun-omKdFpDH1",
"links": [
[
"selfishness",
"selfishness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"privacy, secrecy"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-noun-PGebG1YC",
"links": [
[
"privacy",
"privacy"
],
[
"secrecy",
"secrecy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 4 22 4 22 1 15 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 4 25 3 25 1 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 28 3 28 1 16 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a brother-in-law"
],
"id": "en-私-ja-noun-8zhUZ6f9",
"links": [
[
"brother-in-law",
"brother-in-law"
]
],
"qualifier": "women's speech",
"raw_glosses": [
"(women's speech, obsolete) a brother-in-law"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 6 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading し",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading し",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading ひそ-かに",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading わたくし",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading わたし",
"Japanese terms spelled with 私",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sasamegoto",
"ruby": [
[
"私語",
"ささめごと"
]
],
"word": "私語"
},
{
"english": "to whisper, rumor",
"roman": "sasayaku",
"ruby": [
[
"私語",
"ささや"
]
],
"word": "私語く"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese pronouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 私",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "うち 49%"
},
{
"word": "First name 26%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 15%"
},
{
"word": "First name 33%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 29%"
},
{
"word": "うち 23%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 86%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 7%"
},
{
"word": "うち 6%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 75%"
},
{
"word": "あたし"
},
{
"word": "first name"
},
{
"word": "うち 8% each"
},
{
"word": "わたし 66%"
},
{
"word": "First name 13%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 9%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 72%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 19%"
},
{
"word": "First name 4%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 62%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 23%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 85%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 13%"
},
{
"word": "First name"
},
{
"word": "nickname 1% each"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 64%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 26%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 67%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 27%"
},
{
"word": "First name 3%"
},
{
"word": "うち 39%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 30%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 22%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 28%"
},
{
"word": "First name 27%"
},
{
"word": "うち 18%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 89%"
},
{
"word": "自分 3%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 81%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 10%"
},
{
"word": "自分 6%"
},
{
"word": "わたし 77%"
},
{
"word": "あたし 17%"
},
{
"word": "自分 7%"
},
{
"word": "おれ 87%"
},
{
"word": "うち 4%"
},
{
"word": "わたし"
},
{
"word": "自分 2% each"
},
{
"word": "おれ 88%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく"
},
{
"word": "自分 5% each"
},
{
"word": "わたし 48%"
},
{
"word": "自分 28%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 22%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 36%"
},
{
"word": "自分 29%"
},
{
"word": "自分 38%"
},
{
"word": "ぼく 29%"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "watashitachi",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"達",
"たち"
]
],
"word": "私達"
},
{
"roman": "watashidomo",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"共",
"ども"
]
],
"word": "私共"
},
{
"roman": "atashi",
"word": "あたし"
},
{
"roman": "watai",
"word": "わたい"
},
{
"roman": "watasu",
"word": "わたす"
},
{
"roman": "wasshi",
"word": "わっし"
},
{
"roman": "watchi",
"word": "わっち"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Shift from watakushi below.\nThis reading was already prevalent in early modern times, possibly around the mid-late Muromachi to early-Edo period.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "watashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "わたし"
},
"expansion": "私(わたし) • (watashi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"english": "ore",
"ruby": [
[
"俺",
"おれ"
]
],
"word": "俺"
},
{
"roman": "shōsei",
"ruby": [
[
"小",
"しょう"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "小生"
},
{
"roman": "shōshoku",
"ruby": [
[
"小",
"しょう"
],
[
"職",
"しょく"
]
],
"word": "小職"
},
{
"english": "chin",
"ruby": [
[
"朕",
"ちん"
]
],
"word": "朕"
},
{
"roman": "boku",
"ruby": [
[
"僕",
"ぼく"
]
],
"word": "僕"
},
{
"roman": "yo",
"ruby": [
[
"余",
"よ"
]
],
"word": "余"
},
{
"english": "ware",
"ruby": [
[
"我",
"われ"
]
],
"word": "我"
},
{
"roman": "washi",
"ruby": [
[
"儂",
"わし"
]
],
"word": "儂"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese polite terms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am British.",
"roman": "Watashi wa Igirisu-jin desu.",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"text": "私はイギリス人です。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"pronoun",
"pronoun#English"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(polite) first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わたし"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠ta̠ɕi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Edo period",
"Muromachi period",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese pronouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 私",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "watakushisuru",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
]
],
"word": "私する"
},
{
"roman": "watakushi akinai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"商",
"あきな"
]
],
"word": "私商い"
},
{
"english": "sudden rain shower falling in just a small area",
"roman": "watakushi ame",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"雨",
"あめ"
]
],
"word": "私雨"
},
{
"word": "私戦"
},
{
"english": "private feud",
"roman": "watakushi ikusa",
"word": "私軍"
},
{
"word": "私銀"
},
{
"english": "personal money, secret savings, financial nest egg",
"roman": "watakushigane",
"word": "私金"
},
{
"roman": "watakushigoto",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"事",
"ごと"
]
],
"word": "私事"
},
{
"english": "private feud",
"roman": "watakushi tatakai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"戦",
"たたか"
]
],
"word": "私戦い"
},
{
"english": "chatting up a go-between or mediator, as an aside to the main issue being mediated",
"roman": "watakushi tawabure",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"戯",
"たわぶ"
]
],
"word": "私戯れ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "私",
"sort": "わたくし",
"tr": "watakusi"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 私 (watakusi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "我",
"3": "",
"4": "I, me",
"tr": "wa"
},
"expansion": "我 (wa, “I, me”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "public",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "綿",
"3": "",
"4": "cotton; cotton batting",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "腸",
"3": "",
"4": "guts, one's innards",
"pos": "likely derived from the “batting” sense",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "海",
"3": "",
"4": "sea, ocean",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "海 (wata, “sea, ocean”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "串",
"3": "",
"4": "skewer",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "串 (kusi, “skewer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奇し",
"3": "",
"4": "magic, fantastic, supernatural",
"pos": "adjective",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "酒",
"3": "",
"4": "alcoholic beverage",
"pos": "likely derived from the “magic” sense",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "櫛",
"3": "",
"4": "comb",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "櫛 (kusi, “comb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "privatization"
},
"expansion": "privatization",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "personal"
},
"expansion": "personal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "person"
},
"expansion": "person",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 私 (watakusi).\nA surface analysis suggests a compound term. However, no likely etyma are known.\n* From first-person pronoun 我 (wa, “I, me”) + takusi: although the first element seems likely, the original meaning of watakushi was “private”, as opposed to “public”, with no first-person pronoun usage until the late 13th century.\n* From wata + kusi: the only phonetic matches are 綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”), 腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense), 海 (wata, “sea, ocean”) + 串 (kusi, “skewer”), 奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective), 酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense), 櫛 (kusi, “comb”).\n* From wataku + si: no such word wataku appears to exist.\n* From wa + ta + ku + si: unknown.\nThe meaning evolved over time from “private” or “privatization”, to refer to things that are personal, to refer to one's own person, and then finally to serve as a generic first-person pronoun. The full form watakushi is still used in modern Japanese as a formal, highly polite first-person pronoun. The abbreviated form watashi is now the most common and neutrally polite first-person pronoun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "watakushi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "わたくし"
},
"expansion": "私(わたくし) • (watakushi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a personal or private matter"
],
"links": [
[
"personal",
"personal"
],
[
"private",
"private"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"selfishness"
],
"links": [
[
"selfishness",
"selfishness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) selfishness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "自分勝手"
},
{
"word": "私利私欲"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わたくし"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠ta̠kɯ̟̊ᵝɕi]"
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese pronouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 私",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "watakushitachi",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"達",
"たち"
]
],
"word": "私達"
},
{
"roman": "watakushidomo",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
],
[
"共",
"ども"
]
],
"word": "私共"
},
{
"roman": "atakushi",
"word": "あたくし"
},
{
"roman": "wachiki",
"word": "わちき"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "私",
"sort": "わたくし",
"tr": "watakusi"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 私 (watakusi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "我",
"3": "",
"4": "I, me",
"tr": "wa"
},
"expansion": "我 (wa, “I, me”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "public"
},
"expansion": "public",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "綿",
"3": "",
"4": "cotton; cotton batting",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "腸",
"3": "",
"4": "guts, one's innards",
"pos": "likely derived from the “batting” sense",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "海",
"3": "",
"4": "sea, ocean",
"tr": "wata"
},
"expansion": "海 (wata, “sea, ocean”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "串",
"3": "",
"4": "skewer",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "串 (kusi, “skewer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奇し",
"3": "",
"4": "magic, fantastic, supernatural",
"pos": "adjective",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "酒",
"3": "",
"4": "alcoholic beverage",
"pos": "likely derived from the “magic” sense",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "櫛",
"3": "",
"4": "comb",
"tr": "kusi"
},
"expansion": "櫛 (kusi, “comb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "private"
},
"expansion": "private",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "privatization"
},
"expansion": "privatization",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "personal"
},
"expansion": "personal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "person"
},
"expansion": "person",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 私 (watakusi).\nA surface analysis suggests a compound term. However, no likely etyma are known.\n* From first-person pronoun 我 (wa, “I, me”) + takusi: although the first element seems likely, the original meaning of watakushi was “private”, as opposed to “public”, with no first-person pronoun usage until the late 13th century.\n* From wata + kusi: the only phonetic matches are 綿 (wata, “cotton; cotton batting”), 腸 (wata, “guts, one's innards”, likely derived from the “batting” sense), 海 (wata, “sea, ocean”) + 串 (kusi, “skewer”), 奇し (kusi, “magic, fantastic, supernatural”, adjective), 酒 (kusi, “alcoholic beverage”, likely derived from the “magic” sense), 櫛 (kusi, “comb”).\n* From wataku + si: no such word wataku appears to exist.\n* From wa + ta + ku + si: unknown.\nThe meaning evolved over time from “private” or “privatization”, to refer to things that are personal, to refer to one's own person, and then finally to serve as a generic first-person pronoun. The full form watakushi is still used in modern Japanese as a formal, highly polite first-person pronoun. The abbreviated form watashi is now the most common and neutrally polite first-person pronoun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたくし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "watakushi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "わたくし"
},
"expansion": "私(わたくし) • (watakushi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese formal terms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"pronoun",
"pronoun#English"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(formal) first-person singular pronoun: I, me"
],
"tags": [
"formal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わたくし"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠ta̠kɯ̟̊ᵝɕi]"
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 私",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "favoritism, partiality; a secret love for a woman; the woman so loved",
"roman": "shiai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"愛",
"あい"
]
],
"word": "私愛"
},
{
"english": "private police",
"roman": "shian-keisatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"安",
"あん"
],
[
"警",
"けい"
],
[
"察",
"さつ"
]
],
"word": "私安警察"
},
{
"english": "private plan or proposal",
"roman": "shian",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"案",
"あん"
]
],
"word": "私案"
},
{
"english": "personal opinion; bias; selfishness",
"roman": "shī",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"意",
"い"
]
],
"word": "私意"
},
{
"english": "private sigil, signet, stamp, or seal",
"roman": "shīn",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"印",
"いん"
]
],
"word": "私印"
},
{
"english": "creating a copy of someone else's sigil to forge their stamp",
"roman": "shīngizō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"印",
"いん"
],
[
"偽",
"ぎ"
],
[
"造",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "私印偽造"
},
{
"english": "private operation, privately operated",
"roman": "shiei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
]
],
"word": "私営"
},
{
"english": "privately-operated railway, private rails",
"roman": "shiei tetsudō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"鉄",
"てつ"
],
[
"道",
"どう"
]
],
"word": "私営鉄道"
},
{
"english": "in the Heian Period, fields used for large-scale private farming by powerful clans, rather than public farming by the state",
"roman": "shieiden",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
],
[
"田",
"でん"
]
],
"word": "私営田"
},
{
"english": "private or individual profit or gain",
"roman": "shieki",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"益",
"えき"
]
],
"word": "私益"
},
{
"english": "audience with the emperor regarding a private matter; a private rather than public request",
"roman": "shietsu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"謁",
"えつ"
]
],
"word": "私謁"
},
{
"english": "private grudge, hatred, ill will",
"roman": "shien",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"怨",
"えん"
]
],
"word": "私怨"
},
{
"english": "favor or duty owed to an individual",
"roman": "shion",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"恩",
"おん"
]
],
"word": "私恩"
},
{
"english": "one's own home; an individual's home, as opposed to the palace or an office",
"roman": "shika",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "私家"
},
{
"roman": "shikashū",
"word": "私家集: in the Edo Period and earlier"
},
{
"word": "an individual's collection"
},
{
"word": "anthology of poetry"
},
{
"english": "self-publishing, generally without profit motive and with limited distribution; private printing or private edition",
"roman": "shikaban",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
],
[
"版",
"ばん"
]
],
"word": "私家版"
},
{
"english": "individual's school of thought",
"roman": "shigaku",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"学",
"がく"
]
],
"word": "私学"
},
{
"english": "private school",
"roman": "shigakkō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"学",
"がっ"
],
[
"校",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私学校"
},
{
"english": "government subsidization of private education",
"roman": "shigaku josei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"学",
"がく"
],
[
"助",
"じょ"
],
[
"成",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "私学助成"
},
{
"english": "one's personal feeling about something",
"roman": "shikan",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"感",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "私感"
},
{
"english": "conflict of laws; private international law",
"roman": "shikanhō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"法",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "私間法"
},
{
"english": "private enterprise; privately-owned company",
"roman": "shikigyō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"企",
"き"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"word": "私企業"
},
{
"english": "private record of something",
"roman": "shiki",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"記",
"き"
]
],
"word": "私記"
},
{
"english": "privately drafted constitution",
"roman": "shigikenpō, more specifically the Japanese constitution created during 1880-1887",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"擬",
"ぎ"
],
[
"憲",
"けん"
],
[
"法",
"ぽう"
]
],
"word": "私擬-憲法"
},
{
"english": "duty or obligation arising from private law",
"roman": "shi gimu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"義",
"ぎ"
],
[
"務",
"む"
]
],
"word": "私義務"
},
{
"english": "secret criticism, badmouthing; personal or private opinion",
"roman": "shigi",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"議",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "私議"
},
{
"roman": "shikyō-ruijū, Japan's oldest collection of moral instructions, written by Kibi Makibi in the 700s",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"教",
"きょう"
],
[
"類",
"るい"
],
[
"聚",
"じゅう"
]
],
"word": "私教類聚"
},
{
"english": "work done as an individual; work done for individual profit",
"roman": "shigyō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"業",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"word": "私業"
},
{
"english": "unjust act committed solely to benefit oneself",
"roman": "shikyoku",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"曲",
"きょく"
]
],
"word": "私曲"
},
{
"english": "private money; money owned by an individual",
"roman": "shikin",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"金",
"きん"
]
],
"word": "私金"
},
{
"english": "punishment mete out by vigilante or mob justice",
"roman": "shikei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"刑",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "私刑"
},
{
"english": "private favor",
"roman": "shikei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"恵",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "私恵"
},
{
"english": "private economy: economic dealings between private individuals or companies",
"roman": "shikeizai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"経",
"けい"
],
[
"済",
"ざい"
]
],
"word": "私経済"
},
{
"english": "one's own thought and opinion; one's own scheme or plan",
"roman": "shikei",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"計",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "私計"
},
{
"english": "private discord",
"roman": "shigeki",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"隙",
"げき"
]
],
"word": "私隙"
},
{
"english": "private or personal right",
"roman": "shiken",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "私権"
},
{
"english": "one's own personal opinion; shiken, humble word for",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"見",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "私見"
},
{
"english": "whisper, whispering, private conversation",
"roman": "shigo",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "私語"
},
{
"english": "personal or private friendship or socializing",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私交"
},
{
"english": "one's own personal thought",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"考",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私考"
},
{
"english": "private actions in one's own life; secret act; going out for personal reasons; sneaking out",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"行",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "私行"
},
{
"roman": "shiden",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"田",
"でん"
]
],
"word": "私田"
},
{
"english": "in the Nara and Heian periods, rice plants owned by an individual rather than by the state",
"roman": "shitō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"稲",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "私稲"
},
{
"roman": "shihō",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
],
[
"法",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "私法"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "し"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "私"
},
"expansion": "私 (MC sij)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/si/ → /ɕi/\nFrom Middle Chinese 私 (MC sij).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "し"
},
"expansion": "私(し) • (shi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"personal, private"
],
"links": [
[
"personal",
"personal"
],
[
"private",
"private"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"secret"
],
"links": [
[
"secret",
"secret"
]
]
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 私",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "privately operated bus",
"roman": "shibasu",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
]
],
"word": "私バス"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "し"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "私"
},
"expansion": "私 (MC sij)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/si/ → /ɕi/\nFrom Middle Chinese 私 (MC sij).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "私",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "し"
},
"expansion": "私(し) • (shi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a personal or private matter"
],
"links": [
[
"personal",
"personal"
],
[
"private",
"private"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"selfishness"
],
"links": [
[
"selfishness",
"selfishness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"privacy, secrecy"
],
"links": [
[
"privacy",
"privacy"
],
[
"secrecy",
"secrecy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese women's speech terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a brother-in-law"
],
"links": [
[
"brother-in-law",
"brother-in-law"
]
],
"qualifier": "women's speech",
"raw_glosses": [
"(women's speech, obsolete) a brother-in-law"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"あたし"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"あたくし"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"あっし"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"あし"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"あたい"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"あて"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"わい"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"儂"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"わっし"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"わっち"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"わたい"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"わちき"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"わて"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"わらわ"
],
"word": "私"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"私"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE01290792'], [<ITALIC(){} 'Concerning the First Personal Pronoun of Native Japanese Speakers'>]){} >",
"path": [
"私"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"私"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"私"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"私"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "affix",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"私"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"あたし\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"あたくし\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"あっし\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"あし\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"あたい\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"あて\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"わい\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"儂\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"わっし\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"わっち\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"わたい\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"わちき\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"わて\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "私/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"わらわ\"], \"word\": \"私\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "私",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.