"僕" meaning in Japanese

See 僕 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

Forms: Jōyō kanji [romanization]
  1. I (masculine speech) Tags: kanji
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-character-DzGYXUgo Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant transliterations Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 100 0 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant transliterations: 100 0
  2. manservant Tags: kanji
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-character-~oDE2mYs Categories (other): Japanese jōyō kanji, Japanese kanji Disambiguation of Japanese jōyō kanji: 34 66 Disambiguation of Japanese kanji: 34 66

Noun

IPA: [bo̞kɯ̟] Forms: 僕 [canonical] (ruby: 僕(ぼく)), boku [romanization]
Etymology: Shift in reading from the kun'yomi of shimobe or yatsugare to use the on'yomi of boku instead, first attested in kundoku contexts from the mid-to-late 1700s and becoming prevalent from around the Meiji period. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ja|boku}} Head templates: {{ja-noun|ぼく}} 僕(ぼく) • (boku)
  1. manservant, servant Synonyms: 下僕, 下男, 僕
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-noun-ExJn-z9L
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [ɕimo̞be̞] Forms: 僕 [canonical] (ruby: 僕(しもべ)), shimobe [romanization], 下部 [alternative, kanji], 隷 [alternative, kanji, rare]
Etymology: Compound of 下(しも) (shimo, “lower”) + 部(べ) (be, “servant to the imperial court”). First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720, with the spelling 下客. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ja|shimobe}}, {{ja-compound|下|しも|部|べ|t1=lower|t2=servant to the imperial court}} 下(しも) (shimo, “lower”) + 部(べ) (be, “servant to the imperial court”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|しもべ}} 僕(しもべ) • (shimobe)
  1. manservant, servant Synonyms: 下僕, 下男, 僕
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-noun-ExJn-z9L1 Categories (other): Japanese terms read with kun'yomi, Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō) Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with kun'yomi: 45 13 42 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 34 34 32
  2. a man of low social status, a follower of someone else
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-noun-Wxd0GKMh Categories (other): Japanese terms read with kun'yomi, Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō) Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with kun'yomi: 45 13 42 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 34 34 32
  3. a low-ranking civil servant
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-noun-IyAVWcTo Categories (other): Japanese terms read with kun'yomi, Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō) Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with kun'yomi: 45 13 42 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 34 34 32
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 忠実な僕 (chūjitsuna shimobe) (ruby: 忠(ちゅう), 実(じつ), 僕(しもべ))
Etymology number: 2

Pronoun

IPA: [bo̞kɯ̟] Forms: 僕 [canonical] (ruby: 僕(ぼく)), 僕 [canonical] (ruby: 僕(ボク)), boku [romanization]
Etymology: Shift in reading from the kun'yomi of shimobe or yatsugare to use the on'yomi of boku instead, first attested in kundoku contexts from the mid-to-late 1700s and becoming prevalent from around the Meiji period. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ja|boku}} Head templates: {{ja-pos|pronoun|ぼく|ボク}} 僕(ぼく) or 僕(ボク) • (boku)
  1. (men's speech) I; me (personal pronoun; usually used by males; implies that the speaker is a young boy or otherwise boyish)
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-pron-3sfu-oGl Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant script codes, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese pronouns Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 5 5 2 5 54 29 Disambiguation of Japanese pronouns: 3 49 48
  2. you, he, she (only used in reference to a person who uses this term to refer to themselves, or is one who is assumed to use it, such as a young boy)
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-pron-p0HaFn4q Categories (other): Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese pronouns, Japanese terms read with goon, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō), Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō), Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 5 4 7 3 9 6 6 1 5 24 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 2 5 2 6 4 4 1 4 30 39 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 3 0 6 8 5 7 28 44 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 8 8 2 8 28 47 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 10 10 4 11 23 43 Disambiguation of Japanese pronouns: 3 49 48 Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with goon: 30 22 48 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 18 17 3 17 17 28 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 6 38 57 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō): 5 4 4 5 32 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 9 9 3 9 24 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 9 31 60 Derived forms (Derived terms): 僕達 (bokutachi) (ruby: 僕達(ぼくたち)), 僕仲間 (bokunakama) (ruby: 僕仲(ぼくなか), 間(ま)), 僕婢 (bokuhi) (ruby: 僕(ぼく), 婢(ひ)), 僕ら (bokura) (ruby: 僕(ぼく)), 僕ん所 (bokuntoko) (ruby: 僕(ぼく), 所(とこ)), ぼくっこ (bokukko), 家僕 (kaboku) (ruby: 家(か), 僕(ぼく)), 学僕 (gakuboku) (ruby: 学僕(がくぼく)), 下僕 (geboku) (ruby: 下(げ), 僕(ぼく)), 公僕 (kōboku) (ruby: 公僕(こうぼく)), 校僕 (kōboku) (ruby: 校僕(こうぼく)), 従僕 (jūboku) (ruby: 従(じゅう), 僕(ぼく)), 忠僕 (chūboku) (ruby: 忠(ちゅう), 僕(ぼく)), 老僕 (rōboku) (ruby: 老僕(ろうぼく)) Disambiguation of 'Derived terms': 38 62
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Related terms: うち 49% (uchi), First name 26%, あたし 15% (atashi), First name 33%, あたし 29% (atashi), うち 23% (uchi), わたし 86% (watashi), あたし 7% (atashi), うち 6% (uchi), わたし 75% (watashi), あたし (atashi), first name, うち 8% each (uchi), わたし 66% (watashi), First name 13%, あたし 9% (atashi), おれ 72% (english: ore), ぼく 19% (boku), First name 4%, おれ 62% (english: ore), ぼく 23% (boku), ぼく 85% (boku), おれ 13% (english: ore), First name, nickname 1% each, ぼく 64% (boku), おれ 26% (english: ore), ぼく 67% (boku), おれ 27% (english: ore), First name 3%, うち 39% (uchi), あたし 30% (atashi), わたし 22% (watashi), あたし 28% (atashi), First name 27%, うち 18% (uchi), わたし 89% (watashi), 自分 3% (jibun) (ruby: 自分(じぶん)), わたし 81% (watashi), あたし 10% (atashi), 自分 6% (jibun) (ruby: 自分(じぶん)), わたし 77% (watashi), あたし 17% (atashi), 自分 7% (jibun) (ruby: 自分(じぶん)), おれ 87% (english: ore), うち 4% (uchi), わたし (watashi), 自分 2% each (jibun), おれ 88% (english: ore), ぼく (boku), 自分 5% each (jibun), わたし 48% (watashi), 自分 28% (jibun) (ruby: 自分(じぶん)), ぼく 22% (boku), ぼく 36% (boku), 自分 29% (jibun) (ruby: 自分(じぶん)), 自分 38% (jibun) (ruby: 自分(じぶん)), ぼく 29% (boku)

SOFT REDIRECT

  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-僕-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8
     
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Jōyō kanji",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I (masculine speech)"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-character-DzGYXUgo",
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "masculine",
          "masculine"
        ],
        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese jōyō kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "manservant"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-character-~oDE2mYs",
      "links": [
        [
          "manservant",
          "manservant"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "boku"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift in reading from the kun'yomi of shimobe or yatsugare to use the on'yomi of boku instead, first attested in kundoku contexts from the mid-to-late 1700s and becoming prevalent from around the Meiji period.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぼく"
      },
      "expansion": "僕(ぼく) • (boku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1780s",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "manservant, servant"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-noun-ExJn-z9L",
      "links": [
        [
          "manservant",
          "manservant"
        ],
        [
          "servant",
          "servant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下僕"
        },
        {
          "word": "下男"
        },
        {
          "word": "僕"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bo̞kɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Meiji period"
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "boku"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift in reading from the kun'yomi of shimobe or yatsugare to use the on'yomi of boku instead, first attested in kundoku contexts from the mid-to-late 1700s and becoming prevalent from around the Meiji period.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ボク"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pronoun",
        "2": "ぼく",
        "3": "ボク"
      },
      "expansion": "僕(ぼく) or 僕(ボク) • (boku)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 49%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "First name 26%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 15%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "First name 33%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 29%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 23%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 86%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 7%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 6%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 75%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "first name"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 8% each"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 66%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "First name 13%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 9%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 72%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 19%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "First name 4%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 62%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 23%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 85%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 13%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "First name"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "nickname 1% each"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 64%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 26%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 67%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 27%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "First name 3%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 39%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 30%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 22%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 28%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "First name 27%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 18%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 89%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 3%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 81%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 10%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 6%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 77%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 17%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 7%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 87%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 4%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "word": "自分 2% each"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 88%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "word": "自分 5% each"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 48%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 28%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 22%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 36%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 29%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 38%"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 29%"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1760s",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 2 5 54 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 49 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ],
            [
              6,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ],
            [
              3,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ],
            [
              4,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Me? I was sent by the Dairin Temple on Mount Nankō...",
          "ref": "1997 August 12, Maekawa, Takeshi, “未(み)知(ち)なる大(だい)地(ち)への巻(まき) [To the Strange Land]”, in 新(しん)鉄(てっ)拳(けん)チンミ [New Ironfist Chinmi], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 32:",
          "roman": "Boku? Boku wa Nankō-zan Dairin-ji kara chotto shita yō de…",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "南",
              "なん"
            ],
            [
              "高",
              "こう"
            ],
            [
              "山",
              "ざん"
            ],
            [
              "大",
              "だい"
            ],
            [
              "林",
              "りん"
            ],
            [
              "寺",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ぼく？ぼくは南高山大林寺からちょっとした用で…",
          "translation": "Me? I was sent by the Dairin Temple on Mount Nankō...",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              1
            ],
            [
              14,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I am not what I used to be.",
          "ref": "2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “第(だい)61話(わ) 愛(いと)しきものの為(ため)に [Chapter 61: All for Our Loved Ones]”, in 東(とう)京(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, page 48:",
          "roman": "Mukashi no boku to wa chigau",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "昔",
              "むかし"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "昔の僕とは違う",
          "translation": "I am not what I used to be.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "You are welcome as my apprentice, Sleigh Beggey... I mean, Chise.",
          "ref": "Kore Yamazaki, “第1篇 April showers bring May flowers. [Composition 1: April showers bring May flowers.]”, in 魔法使いの嫁(The Ancient Magus Bride) [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 20:",
          "roman": "Kimi o boku no deshi to shite kangei suru yo Surei Bega… iya Chise",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "君",
              "きみ"
            ],
            [
              "魔法使い",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "弟",
              "で"
            ],
            [
              "子",
              "し"
            ],
            [
              "歓",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "迎",
              "げい"
            ],
            [
              "死の愛し仔",
              "スレイ・ベガ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "君を魔法使いの弟子として歓迎するよ 死の愛し仔…いや チセ",
          "translation": "You are welcome as my apprentice, Sleigh Beggey... I mean, Chise.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I; me (personal pronoun; usually used by males; implies that the speaker is a young boy or otherwise boyish)"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-pron-3sfu-oGl",
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "me",
          "me"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "men's speech",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(men's speech) I; me (personal pronoun; usually used by males; implies that the speaker is a young boy or otherwise boyish)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 4 7 3 9 6 6 1 5 24 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 2 5 2 6 4 4 1 4 30 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 0 6 8 5 7 28 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 2 8 28 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 10 4 11 23 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 49 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 22 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with goon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 17 3 17 17 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 38 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 4 4 5 32 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 3 9 24 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 31 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "bokutachi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕達",
              "ぼくたち"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "僕達"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "bokunakama",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕仲",
              "ぼくなか"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "僕仲間"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "bokuhi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "婢",
              "ひ"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "僕婢"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "bokura",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "僕ら"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "bokuntoko",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "所",
              "とこ"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "僕ん所"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "bokukko",
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "ぼくっこ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "kaboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "家",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "家僕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "gakuboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "学僕",
              "がくぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "学僕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "geboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "下",
              "げ"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "下僕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "kōboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "公僕",
              "こうぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "公僕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "kōboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "校僕",
              "こうぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "校僕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "jūboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "従",
              "じゅう"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "従僕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "chūboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "忠",
              "ちゅう"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "忠僕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 62",
          "roman": "rōboku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "老僕",
              "ろうぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "Derived terms",
          "word": "老僕"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              1
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Hi boy, are you lost?",
          "roman": "Boku, maigo kana?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "迷",
              "まい"
            ],
            [
              "子",
              "ご"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "僕、迷子かな？",
          "translation": "Hi boy, are you lost?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              1
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "english": "How old are you?",
          "roman": "Boku wa ikutsu kana?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "僕はいくつかな？",
          "translation": "How old are you?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "you, he, she (only used in reference to a person who uses this term to refer to themselves, or is one who is assumed to use it, such as a young boy)"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-pron-p0HaFn4q",
      "links": [
        [
          "you",
          "you"
        ],
        [
          "he",
          "he"
        ],
        [
          "she",
          "she"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bo̞kɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Meiji period"
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūjitsuna shimobe",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "忠",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "実",
          "じつ"
        ],
        [
          "僕",
          "しもべ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "忠実な僕"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "shimobe"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "下",
        "2": "しも",
        "3": "部",
        "4": "べ",
        "t1": "lower",
        "t2": "servant to the imperial court"
      },
      "expansion": "下(しも) (shimo, “lower”) + 部(べ) (be, “servant to the imperial court”)",
      "name": "ja-compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 下(しも) (shimo, “lower”) + 部(べ) (be, “servant to the imperial court”). First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720, with the spelling 下客.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "しもべ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shimobe",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下部",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "隷",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "kanji",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "しもべ"
      },
      "expansion": "僕(しもべ) • (shimobe)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1001",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 13 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 34 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "english": "a faithful servant",
          "roman": "chūjitsu na shimobe",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "忠実",
              "ちゅうじつ"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "しもべ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "忠実な僕",
          "translation": "a faithful servant",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "manservant, servant"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-noun-ExJn-z9L1",
      "links": [
        [
          "manservant",
          "manservant"
        ],
        [
          "servant",
          "servant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下僕"
        },
        {
          "word": "下男"
        },
        {
          "word": "僕"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 720",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 13 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 34 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a man of low social status, a follower of someone else"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-noun-Wxd0GKMh",
      "links": [
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ],
        [
          "social status",
          "social status"
        ],
        [
          "follower",
          "follower"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1120",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 13 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 34 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a low-ranking civil servant"
      ],
      "id": "en-僕-ja-noun-IyAVWcTo",
      "links": [
        [
          "civil servant",
          "civil servant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "しもべ"
    },
    {
      "other": "しもべ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɕimo̞be̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "やつがれ"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "en-僕-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese jōyō kanji",
    "Japanese kanji",
    "Japanese kanji with goon reading ぼく",
    "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ほく",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading しもべ",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading やつがれ",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 僕",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Jōyō kanji",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "I (masculine speech)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "masculine",
          "masculine"
        ],
        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "manservant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "manservant",
          "manservant"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese pronouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms read with goon",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 僕",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 僕 read as ぼく",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "boku"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift in reading from the kun'yomi of shimobe or yatsugare to use the on'yomi of boku instead, first attested in kundoku contexts from the mid-to-late 1700s and becoming prevalent from around the Meiji period.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぼく"
      },
      "expansion": "僕(ぼく) • (boku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1780s",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "manservant, servant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "manservant",
          "manservant"
        ],
        [
          "servant",
          "servant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下僕"
        },
        {
          "word": "下男"
        },
        {
          "word": "僕"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bo̞kɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Meiji period"
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese pronouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms read with goon",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 僕",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 僕 read as ぼく",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "bokutachi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕達",
          "ぼくたち"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "僕達"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bokunakama",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕仲",
          "ぼくなか"
        ],
        [
          "間",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "僕仲間"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bokuhi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ],
        [
          "婢",
          "ひ"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "僕婢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bokura",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "僕ら"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bokuntoko",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ],
        [
          "所",
          "とこ"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "僕ん所"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bokukko",
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "ぼくっこ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kaboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "家",
          "か"
        ],
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "家僕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gakuboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "学僕",
          "がくぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "学僕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "geboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "げ"
        ],
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "下僕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kōboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "公僕",
          "こうぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "公僕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kōboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "校僕",
          "こうぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "校僕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "従",
          "じゅう"
        ],
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "従僕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chūboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "忠",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "忠僕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rōboku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "老僕",
          "ろうぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "Derived terms",
      "word": "老僕"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "boku"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift in reading from the kun'yomi of shimobe or yatsugare to use the on'yomi of boku instead, first attested in kundoku contexts from the mid-to-late 1700s and becoming prevalent from around the Meiji period.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ぼく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "ボク"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pronoun",
        "2": "ぼく",
        "3": "ボク"
      },
      "expansion": "僕(ぼく) or 僕(ボク) • (boku)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 49%"
    },
    {
      "word": "First name 26%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 15%"
    },
    {
      "word": "First name 33%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 29%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 23%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 86%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 7%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 6%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 75%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし"
    },
    {
      "word": "first name"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 8% each"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 66%"
    },
    {
      "word": "First name 13%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 9%"
    },
    {
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 72%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 19%"
    },
    {
      "word": "First name 4%"
    },
    {
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 62%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 23%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 85%"
    },
    {
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 13%"
    },
    {
      "word": "First name"
    },
    {
      "word": "nickname 1% each"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 64%"
    },
    {
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 26%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 67%"
    },
    {
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 27%"
    },
    {
      "word": "First name 3%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 39%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 30%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 22%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 28%"
    },
    {
      "word": "First name 27%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 18%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 89%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 3%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 81%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 10%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 6%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 77%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atashi",
      "word": "あたし 17%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 7%"
    },
    {
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 87%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uchi",
      "word": "うち 4%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "word": "自分 2% each"
    },
    {
      "english": "ore",
      "translation": "ore",
      "word": "おれ 88%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "word": "自分 5% each"
    },
    {
      "roman": "watashi",
      "word": "わたし 48%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 28%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 22%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 36%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 29%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jibun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "自分",
          "じぶん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "自分 38%"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boku",
      "word": "ぼく 29%"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1760s",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese men's speech terms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with quotations",
        "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ],
            [
              6,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ],
            [
              3,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ],
            [
              4,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Me? I was sent by the Dairin Temple on Mount Nankō...",
          "ref": "1997 August 12, Maekawa, Takeshi, “未(み)知(ち)なる大(だい)地(ち)への巻(まき) [To the Strange Land]”, in 新(しん)鉄(てっ)拳(けん)チンミ [New Ironfist Chinmi], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 32:",
          "roman": "Boku? Boku wa Nankō-zan Dairin-ji kara chotto shita yō de…",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "南",
              "なん"
            ],
            [
              "高",
              "こう"
            ],
            [
              "山",
              "ざん"
            ],
            [
              "大",
              "だい"
            ],
            [
              "林",
              "りん"
            ],
            [
              "寺",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ぼく？ぼくは南高山大林寺からちょっとした用で…",
          "translation": "Me? I was sent by the Dairin Temple on Mount Nankō...",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              1
            ],
            [
              14,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I am not what I used to be.",
          "ref": "2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “第(だい)61話(わ) 愛(いと)しきものの為(ため)に [Chapter 61: All for Our Loved Ones]”, in 東(とう)京(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, page 48:",
          "roman": "Mukashi no boku to wa chigau",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "昔",
              "むかし"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "昔の僕とは違う",
          "translation": "I am not what I used to be.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "You are welcome as my apprentice, Sleigh Beggey... I mean, Chise.",
          "ref": "Kore Yamazaki, “第1篇 April showers bring May flowers. [Composition 1: April showers bring May flowers.]”, in 魔法使いの嫁(The Ancient Magus Bride) [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 20:",
          "roman": "Kimi o boku no deshi to shite kangei suru yo Surei Bega… iya Chise",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "君",
              "きみ"
            ],
            [
              "魔法使い",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "弟",
              "で"
            ],
            [
              "子",
              "し"
            ],
            [
              "歓",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "迎",
              "げい"
            ],
            [
              "死の愛し仔",
              "スレイ・ベガ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "君を魔法使いの弟子として歓迎するよ 死の愛し仔…いや チセ",
          "translation": "You are welcome as my apprentice, Sleigh Beggey... I mean, Chise.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I; me (personal pronoun; usually used by males; implies that the speaker is a young boy or otherwise boyish)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "me",
          "me"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "men's speech",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(men's speech) I; me (personal pronoun; usually used by males; implies that the speaker is a young boy or otherwise boyish)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              1
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Hi boy, are you lost?",
          "roman": "Boku, maigo kana?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ],
            [
              "迷",
              "まい"
            ],
            [
              "子",
              "ご"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "僕、迷子かな？",
          "translation": "Hi boy, are you lost?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              1
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "english": "How old are you?",
          "roman": "Boku wa ikutsu kana?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "僕",
              "ぼく"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "僕はいくつかな？",
          "translation": "How old are you?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "you, he, she (only used in reference to a person who uses this term to refer to themselves, or is one who is assumed to use it, such as a young boy)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "you",
          "you"
        ],
        [
          "he",
          "he"
        ],
        [
          "she",
          "she"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "other": "ぼく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bo̞kɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Meiji period"
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 僕",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 僕 read as しもべ",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "chūjitsuna shimobe",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "忠",
          "ちゅう"
        ],
        [
          "実",
          "じつ"
        ],
        [
          "僕",
          "しもべ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "忠実な僕"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "shimobe"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "下",
        "2": "しも",
        "3": "部",
        "4": "べ",
        "t1": "lower",
        "t2": "servant to the imperial court"
      },
      "expansion": "下(しも) (shimo, “lower”) + 部(べ) (be, “servant to the imperial court”)",
      "name": "ja-compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 下(しも) (shimo, “lower”) + 部(べ) (be, “servant to the imperial court”). First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720, with the spelling 下客.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "僕",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "僕",
          "しもべ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shimobe",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下部",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "隷",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "kanji",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "しもべ"
      },
      "expansion": "僕(しもべ) • (shimobe)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1001",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "english": "a faithful servant",
          "roman": "chūjitsu na shimobe",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "忠実",
              "ちゅうじつ"
            ],
            [
              "僕",
              "しもべ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "忠実な僕",
          "translation": "a faithful servant",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "manservant, servant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "manservant",
          "manservant"
        ],
        [
          "servant",
          "servant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下僕"
        },
        {
          "word": "下男"
        },
        {
          "word": "僕"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 720",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a man of low social status, a follower of someone else"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ],
        [
          "social status",
          "social status"
        ],
        [
          "follower",
          "follower"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "attestations": [
        {
          "date": "from 1120",
          "references": []
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a low-ranking civil servant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "civil servant",
          "civil servant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "しもべ"
    },
    {
      "other": "しもべ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɕimo̞be̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "やつがれ"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "僕"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 僕 meaning in Japanese (15.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE01290792'], [<ITALIC(){} 'Concerning the First Personal Pronoun of Native Japanese Speakers'>]){} >",
  "path": [
    "僕"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "pronoun",
  "title": "僕",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.