See du in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "du"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German du",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "dū"
},
"expansion": "Old High German dū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thū"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thou"
},
"expansion": "English thou",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German du, duo, dū, from Old High German dū (akin to Old Saxon thū and English thou), itself from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-decl-personal pronouns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ihr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Ihr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "meiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ihrer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "seiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "unser",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "euer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ihrer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Ihrer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Euer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ihm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ihr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ihm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ihnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Ihnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ihn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "du",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "de-decl-personal pronouns"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 68 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "duzen"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Du"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you (singular familiar), thou"
],
"id": "en-du-de-pron-BKB4jELi",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Du"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duː/"
},
{
"audio": "De-du.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/De-du.ogg/De-du.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/De-du.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "De-du2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/De-du2.ogg/De-du2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/De-du2.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"ipa": "/du/"
},
{
"ipa": "/də/"
},
{
"other": "/d/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈhast‿u]"
},
{
"other": "/d/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈvɛn‿u]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈvɛn‿ə]"
}
],
"word": "du"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 68 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "duzen"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Du"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "du"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German du",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "dū"
},
"expansion": "Old High German dū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thū"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thou"
},
"expansion": "English thou",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German du, duo, dū, from Old High German dū (akin to Old Saxon thū and English thou), itself from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-decl-personal pronouns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ihr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Ihr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "meiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ihrer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "seiner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "unser",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "euer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ihrer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Ihrer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Euer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ihm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ihr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ihm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ihnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Ihnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ihn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Sie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "Euch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "du",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "de-decl-personal pronouns"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German personal pronouns",
"German pronouns",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 68 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:German/uː",
"Rhymes:German/uː/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"you (singular familiar), thou"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duː/"
},
{
"audio": "De-du.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/De-du.ogg/De-du.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/De-du.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "De-du2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/De-du2.ogg/De-du2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/De-du2.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"ipa": "/du/"
},
{
"ipa": "/də/"
},
{
"other": "/d/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈhast‿u]"
},
{
"other": "/d/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈvɛn‿u]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈvɛn‿ə]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Du"
}
],
"word": "du"
}
Download raw JSONL data for du meaning in German (8.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person familiar'",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person familiar'",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person polite/formal'",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person familiar'",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person familiar'",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person polite/formal'",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.