See undertake in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for undertake meaning in English (14.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undertaker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undertaking"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "undertaken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English undertaken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under",
"3": "take"
},
"expansion": "under- + take",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "undernim"
},
"expansion": "undernim",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English undertaken; equivalent to under- + take (after undernim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "undertakes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "undertaking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "undertook",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undertaken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "undertakes",
"2": "undertaking",
"3": "undertook",
"4": "undertaken"
},
"expansion": "undertake (third-person singular simple present undertakes, present participle undertaking, simple past undertook, past participle undertaken)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 25 3 13 19 2 3 3 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 13 10 8 6 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take upon oneself; to start, to embark on (a specific task etc.)."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-LbJUOswC",
"links": [
[
"take upon oneself",
"take upon oneself"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"embark",
"embark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To take upon oneself; to start, to embark on (a specific task etc.)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qāma",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "قَامَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpriemam",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "предприемам"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprendre"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "進行"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jìnxíng",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "进行"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "imprandro"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ondernemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "entrepreni"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ryhtyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ruveta"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "entreprendre"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "unternehmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ausführen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epikheiréō",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ἐπιχειρέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "intraprendere"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "とりかかる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "torikakaru",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "取り掛かる"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "matda",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "맡다"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "adeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprendre"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprene"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empreender"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "întreprinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predprinimátʹ",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предпринима́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predprinjátʹ",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предприня́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprender"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "acometer"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "girişmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "robýty",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "роби́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zdíjsnjuvaty",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "зді́йснювати"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozpočynáty",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "розпочина́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brátysja",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "бра́тися"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He undertook to exercise more in future.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To commit oneself (to an obligation, activity etc.)."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-a8yIxOcM",
"links": [
[
"commit",
"commit"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To commit oneself (to an obligation, activity etc.)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poemam zadǎlženie",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "поемам задължение"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "sich verpflichten"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epikheiréō",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "ἐπιχειρέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "impegnarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "dedicarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "oati"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przedsięwziąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "dedicar"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "comprometer-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ručátʹsja",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руча́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poručítʹsja",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поручи́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zavezati se"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "comprometerse a"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ručátysja",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "руча́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 2 11 3 4 4 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "harantuváty",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "гарантува́ти"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "overtake"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 13 10 8 6 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pass a slower moving vehicle on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-gnzaPCHT",
"links": [
[
"curbside",
"curbside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, informal) To pass a slower moving vehicle on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 13 10 8 6 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1695, John Woodward, An Essay towards a Natural History of the Earth and Terrestrial Bodies, London: Richard Wilkin, Part 4, pp. 222-223",
"text": "[…] if those Persons who are curious in collecting either Minerals, or the Shells, Teeth, or other Parts of Animal Bodies that have been buried in the Earth, do but search the Hills after Rains, and the Sea-Shores after Storms, I dare undertake they will not lose their Labour.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pledge; to assert, assure; to dare say."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-S3Ky6Rbo",
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"assert",
"assert"
],
[
"assure",
"assure"
],
[
"dare say",
"dare say"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, intransitive) To pledge; to assert, assure; to dare say."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To take by trickery; to trap, to seize upon."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-PtSTMBnt",
"links": [
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"trap",
"trap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To take by trickery; to trap, to seize upon."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To assume, as a character; to take on."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-BNHZJBYI",
"links": [
[
"assume",
"assume"
],
[
"take on",
"take on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To assume, as a character; to take on."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XIX, Chapter x, leaf 394v",
"text": "Soo it happend in Spayne there was an Erles sone his name was Alphegus / and at a grete turnement in spayn this syre Vrre knyghte of Hongry and sir Alphegus of spayne encountred to gyders for veray enuy / and soo eyther vndertook other to the Vtteraunce.\n\"So it happened in Spain there was an earl’s son, his name was Alphegus, and at a great tournament in Spain this Sir Urre, knight of Hungary, and Sir Alphegus of Spain encountered together for very envy; and so either undertook other to the utterance.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To engage with; to attack, take on in a fight."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-mmW1zGwD",
"links": [
[
"take on",
"take on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To engage with; to attack, take on in a fight."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To have knowledge of; to hear."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-j1Aod7dr",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To have knowledge of; to hear."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 20 3 12 16 2 2 3 1 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 13 10 8 6 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have or take charge of."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-verb-pNIh22e-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To have or take charge of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈteɪk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-undertake.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg/En-us-undertake.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "undirtake"
}
],
"word": "undertake"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "undertaken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English undertaken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under",
"3": "take"
},
"expansion": "under- + take",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "undernim"
},
"expansion": "undernim",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English undertaken; equivalent to under- + take (after undernim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "undertakes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "undertake (plural undertakes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "overtake"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 13 10 8 6 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The passing of slower traffic on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"id": "en-undertake-en-noun-J4JJQlDA",
"links": [
[
"passing",
"passing"
],
[
"curbside",
"curbside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, informal) The passing of slower traffic on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈteɪk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-undertake.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg/En-us-undertake.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "undirtake"
}
],
"word": "undertake"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with under-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪk",
"Rhymes:English/eɪk/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "undertaker"
},
{
"word": "undertaking"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "undertaken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English undertaken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under",
"3": "take"
},
"expansion": "under- + take",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "undernim"
},
"expansion": "undernim",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English undertaken; equivalent to under- + take (after undernim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "undertakes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "undertaking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "undertook",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undertaken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "undertakes",
"2": "undertaking",
"3": "undertook",
"4": "undertaken"
},
"expansion": "undertake (third-person singular simple present undertakes, present participle undertaking, simple past undertook, past participle undertaken)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To take upon oneself; to start, to embark on (a specific task etc.)."
],
"links": [
[
"take upon oneself",
"take upon oneself"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"embark",
"embark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To take upon oneself; to start, to embark on (a specific task etc.)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He undertook to exercise more in future.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To commit oneself (to an obligation, activity etc.)."
],
"links": [
[
"commit",
"commit"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To commit oneself (to an obligation, activity etc.)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "overtake"
}
],
"categories": [
"British English",
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To pass a slower moving vehicle on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"links": [
[
"curbside",
"curbside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, informal) To pass a slower moving vehicle on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1695, John Woodward, An Essay towards a Natural History of the Earth and Terrestrial Bodies, London: Richard Wilkin, Part 4, pp. 222-223",
"text": "[…] if those Persons who are curious in collecting either Minerals, or the Shells, Teeth, or other Parts of Animal Bodies that have been buried in the Earth, do but search the Hills after Rains, and the Sea-Shores after Storms, I dare undertake they will not lose their Labour.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pledge; to assert, assure; to dare say."
],
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"assert",
"assert"
],
[
"assure",
"assure"
],
[
"dare say",
"dare say"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, intransitive) To pledge; to assert, assure; to dare say."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To take by trickery; to trap, to seize upon."
],
"links": [
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"trap",
"trap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To take by trickery; to trap, to seize upon."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To assume, as a character; to take on."
],
"links": [
[
"assume",
"assume"
],
[
"take on",
"take on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To assume, as a character; to take on."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XIX, Chapter x, leaf 394v",
"text": "Soo it happend in Spayne there was an Erles sone his name was Alphegus / and at a grete turnement in spayn this syre Vrre knyghte of Hongry and sir Alphegus of spayne encountred to gyders for veray enuy / and soo eyther vndertook other to the Vtteraunce.\n\"So it happened in Spain there was an earl’s son, his name was Alphegus, and at a great tournament in Spain this Sir Urre, knight of Hungary, and Sir Alphegus of Spain encountered together for very envy; and so either undertook other to the utterance.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To engage with; to attack, take on in a fight."
],
"links": [
[
"take on",
"take on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To engage with; to attack, take on in a fight."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To have knowledge of; to hear."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To have knowledge of; to hear."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To have or take charge of."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To have or take charge of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈteɪk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-undertake.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg/En-us-undertake.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "undirtake"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qāma",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "قَامَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpriemam",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "предприемам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprendre"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "進行"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jìnxíng",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "进行"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "imprandro"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ondernemen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "entrepreni"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ryhtyä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ruveta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "entreprendre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "unternehmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ausführen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epikheiréō",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "ἐπιχειρέω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "intraprendere"
},
{
"alt": "とりかかる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "torikakaru",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "取り掛かる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "matda",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "맡다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "adeo"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprendre"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprene"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empreender"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "întreprinde"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predprinimátʹ",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предпринима́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predprinjátʹ",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предприня́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "emprender"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "acometer"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "girişmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "robýty",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "роби́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zdíjsnjuvaty",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "зді́йснювати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozpočynáty",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "розпочина́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brátysja",
"sense": "to start an enterprise",
"word": "бра́тися"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poemam zadǎlženie",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "поемам задължение"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "sich verpflichten"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epikheiréō",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "ἐπιχειρέω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "impegnarsi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "dedicarsi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "oati"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przedsięwziąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "dedicar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "comprometer-se"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ručátʹsja",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руча́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poručítʹsja",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поручи́ться"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zavezati se"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "comprometerse a"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ručátysja",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "руча́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "harantuváty",
"sense": "to commit oneself to an obligation",
"word": "гарантува́ти"
}
],
"word": "undertake"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with under-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪk",
"Rhymes:English/eɪk/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "undertaken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English undertaken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under",
"3": "take"
},
"expansion": "under- + take",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "undernim"
},
"expansion": "undernim",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English undertaken; equivalent to under- + take (after undernim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "undertakes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "undertake (plural undertakes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "overtake"
}
],
"categories": [
"British English",
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"The passing of slower traffic on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"links": [
[
"passing",
"passing"
],
[
"curbside",
"curbside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, informal) The passing of slower traffic on the curbside rather than on the side closest to oncoming traffic."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈteɪk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-undertake.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg/En-us-undertake.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/En-us-undertake.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "undirtake"
}
],
"word": "undertake"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.