See podjąć in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podjąć rękawicę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podejmować rękawicę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podjąć trop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podejmować trop"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "podjąć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish podjąć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "podjąć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish podjąć",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pod-",
"3": "jąć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, pod- + jąć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "pòdjic"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian pòdjic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "undertake"
},
"expansion": "English undertake",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūmō"
},
"expansion": "Latin sūmō",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish podjąć. By surface analysis, pod- + jąć. Compare Kashubian pòdjic. For the semantic development, compare English undertake and Latin sūmō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "podejmować",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmiemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmiesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmiecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmie się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęlibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęlibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęto by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech podejmę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmijmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmijcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech podejmie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech podejmą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęty",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "podejmować"
},
"expansion": "podjąć pf (imperfective podejmować)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pod‧jąć"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin an activity)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-tiNso9aH",
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"instigate",
"instigate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin an activity)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to undertake, to engage in (to perform an activity)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-I1q0~yAV",
"links": [
[
"undertake",
"undertake"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to undertake, to engage in (to perform an activity)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to take up (to restart a previously stopped action or start an activity left by someone else)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-tbftG9fw",
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to take up (to restart a previously stopped action or start an activity left by someone else)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przedsięwziąć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin discussing, writing, or talking about something)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-mFMB3LEn",
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"instigate",
"instigate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin discussing, writing, or talking about something)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to collect, to withdraw (to take e.g. money from a bank)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-nDxl8Rt8",
"links": [
[
"collect",
"collect"
],
[
"withdraw",
"withdraw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to collect, to withdraw (to take e.g. money from a bank)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to lift up, to raise"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-ahlU1yoF",
"links": [
[
"lift up",
"lift up"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary or archaic) to lift up, to raise"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podnieść"
},
{
"word": "unieść"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to take up (to respond with an action that will result in achieving something)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-MhLY2uWB",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<with what>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘with",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to take up (to respond with an action that will result in achieving something) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to host, to entertain, to receive (to accept as a guest and give food and drink to)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-gnz3FC6p",
"links": [
[
"host",
"host"
],
[
"entertain",
"entertain"
],
[
"receive",
"receive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to host, to entertain, to receive (to accept as a guest and give food and drink to)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold up, to support"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-tr5EBg75",
"links": [
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) to hold up, to support"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podtrzymać"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to increase the level of something"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-OeqjtDuh",
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"level",
"level"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to increase the level of something"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to survive (to experience something difficult)"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-JF~E5erq",
"links": [
[
"survive",
"survive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to survive (to experience something difficult)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 5 7 3 4 5 4 8 5 5 13 6 5 4 6 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with pod-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take away, to wash up"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-3HLa32zy",
"links": [
[
"take away",
"take away"
],
[
"wash up",
"wash up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish, of water) to take away, to wash up"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of water"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to count"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-Ty~A-DMC",
"links": [
[
"count",
"count"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to count"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zliczyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 7 1 2 2 5 4 4 5 6 6 11 2 13 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 2 7 1 1 2 6 2 4 6 6 7 14 1 16 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 8 1 1 3 7 6 5 6 8 7 13 3 15 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to commit to, to decide upon"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-o0ZLSfMg",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"commit",
"commit"
],
[
"decide",
"decide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to commit to, to decide upon"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to get up, to stand up"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-hrhG-cZp",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"get up",
"get up"
],
[
"stand up",
"stand up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to get up, to stand up"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wstać"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 7 1 2 2 5 4 4 5 6 6 11 2 13 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 2 7 1 1 2 6 2 4 6 6 7 14 1 16 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 8 1 1 3 7 6 5 6 8 7 13 3 15 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be lifted up, to be raised"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-9lbEg4jk",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"lifted up",
"lift up"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to be lifted up, to be raised"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take into one's protection"
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb--aode-mx",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to take into one's protection"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1500-1547, Libri legationum, page 6/191:",
"text": "y ony pothayemnye noczą podyely ſią nadnym z ynnem hoſpodarem y vczynyly yemv yprą [!]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-podjąć-pl-verb-xvbE2kAR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɔd.jɔɲt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɔd.jɔ̃t͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔdjɔɲt͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "podjąć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish perfective verbs",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms prefixed with pod-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔdjɔɲt͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔdjɔɲt͡ɕ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podjąć rękawicę"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podejmować rękawicę"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podjąć trop"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podejmować trop"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "podjąć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish podjąć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "podjąć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish podjąć",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pod-",
"3": "jąć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, pod- + jąć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "pòdjic"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian pòdjic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "undertake"
},
"expansion": "English undertake",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūmō"
},
"expansion": "Latin sūmō",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish podjąć. By surface analysis, pod- + jąć. Compare Kashubian pòdjic. For the semantic development, compare English undertake and Latin sūmō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "podejmować",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmiemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmiesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmiecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmie się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęlibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęlibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by podjęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęto by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech podejmę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmijmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podejmijcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech podejmie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech podejmą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęty",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "podjąwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "podjęcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "podejmować"
},
"expansion": "podjąć pf (imperfective podejmować)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pod‧jąć"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin an activity)"
],
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"instigate",
"instigate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin an activity)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to undertake, to engage in (to perform an activity)"
],
"links": [
[
"undertake",
"undertake"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to undertake, to engage in (to perform an activity)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to take up (to restart a previously stopped action or start an activity left by someone else)"
],
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to take up (to restart a previously stopped action or start an activity left by someone else)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przedsięwziąć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin discussing, writing, or talking about something)"
],
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"instigate",
"instigate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to take up, to initiate, to instigate (to begin discussing, writing, or talking about something)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to collect, to withdraw (to take e.g. money from a bank)"
],
"links": [
[
"collect",
"collect"
],
[
"withdraw",
"withdraw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to collect, to withdraw (to take e.g. money from a bank)"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish terms with archaic senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to lift up, to raise"
],
"links": [
[
"lift up",
"lift up"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary or archaic) to lift up, to raise"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podnieść"
},
{
"word": "unieść"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to take up (to respond with an action that will result in achieving something)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<with what>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘with",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"take up",
"take up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to take up (to respond with an action that will result in achieving something) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to host, to entertain, to receive (to accept as a guest and give food and drink to)"
],
"links": [
[
"host",
"host"
],
[
"entertain",
"entertain"
],
[
"receive",
"receive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to host, to entertain, to receive (to accept as a guest and give food and drink to)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold up, to support"
],
"links": [
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) to hold up, to support"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podtrzymać"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to increase the level of something"
],
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"level",
"level"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to increase the level of something"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to survive (to experience something difficult)"
],
"links": [
[
"survive",
"survive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to survive (to experience something difficult)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to take away, to wash up"
],
"links": [
[
"take away",
"take away"
],
[
"wash up",
"wash up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish, of water) to take away, to wash up"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of water"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to count"
],
"links": [
[
"count",
"count"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to count"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zliczyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to commit to, to decide upon"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"commit",
"commit"
],
[
"decide",
"decide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to commit to, to decide upon"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to get up, to stand up"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"get up",
"get up"
],
[
"stand up",
"stand up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to get up, to stand up"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wstać"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to be lifted up, to be raised"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"lifted up",
"lift up"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to be lifted up, to be raised"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to take into one's protection"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to take into one's protection"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1500-1547, Libri legationum, page 6/191:",
"text": "y ony pothayemnye noczą podyely ſią nadnym z ynnem hoſpodarem y vczynyly yemv yprą [!]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɔd.jɔɲt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɔd.jɔ̃t͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔdjɔɲt͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "podjąć"
}
Download raw JSONL data for podjąć meaning in Polish (16.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.