"spire" meaning in English

See spire in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /spaɪə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ɚ/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-spire.ogg [US] Forms: spires [plural]
enPR: spīr, spīʹər Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ) Etymology: From Middle English spire, spyre, spier, spir, from Old English spīr, from Proto-Germanic *spīrō, *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”). Cognate with Dutch spier, German Low German Spier, German Spier, Spiere, Danish spir, Norwegian spir and spire, Swedish spira, Icelandic spíra. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*spey-}}, {{inh|en|enm|spire}} Middle English spire, {{m|enm|spyre}} spyre, {{m|enm|spier}} spier, {{m|enm|spir}} spir, {{inh|en|ang|spīr}} Old English spīr, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*spīrō}} Proto-Germanic *spīrō, {{m|gem-pro|*spīrǭ|t=peak; point; tip; stalk}} *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”), {{cog|nl|spier}} Dutch spier, {{cog|nds-de|Spier}} German Low German Spier, {{cog|de|Spier}} German Spier, {{m|de|Spiere}} Spiere, {{cog|da|spir}} Danish spir, {{cog|no|spir}} Norwegian spir, {{m|no|spire}} spire, {{cog|sv|spira}} Swedish spira, {{cog|is|spíra}} Icelandic spíra Head templates: {{en-noun}} spire (plural spires)
  1. (now rare) The stalk or stem of a plant. Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-LIr2Vdm7
  2. A young shoot of a plant; a spear.
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-uXDbRkb5
  3. Any of various tall grasses, rushes, or sedges, such as the marram, the reed canary-grass, etc.
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-8SpylQg5
  4. A sharp or tapering point.
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-qgefefLp
  5. (architecture) A tapering structure built on a roof or tower, especially as one of the central architectural features of a church or cathedral roof. Categories (topical): Architectural elements Translations (tapering architectural structure): шпил (špil) [masculine] (Bulgarian), cuculla (Catalan), agulla (Catalan), 尖塔 (jiāntǎ) (Chinese Mandarin), 尖頂 (Chinese Mandarin), 尖顶 (jiānding) (Chinese Mandarin), špička [feminine] (Czech), věžička [feminine] (Czech), spir [common-gender] (Danish), spits [feminine, masculine] (Dutch), torenspits [feminine, masculine] (Dutch), suippotorni (Finnish), torni (Finnish), spiira (Finnish), flèche [feminine] (French), Turmspitze [feminine] (German), Turmhelm [masculine] (German), templomtorony (Hungarian), toronytető (Hungarian), toronycsúcs (Hungarian), toronysisak (Hungarian), spíra [feminine] (Icelandic), turnspíra [feminine] (Icelandic), flecho (Ido), spuaic [feminine] (Irish), stuaic [feminine] (Irish), guglia [feminine] (Italian), pinnacolo [masculine] (Italian), cuspide [feminine] (Italian), 尖塔 (sentō) (alt: せんとう) (Japanese), 첨탑 (cheomtap) (Korean), koinga (Maori), koeko (Maori), spir [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), spir [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), iglica [feminine] (Polish), agulha [feminine] (Portuguese), flecha [feminine] (Portuguese), coruchéu [masculine] (Portuguese), шпиль (špilʹ) [masculine] (Russian), шпиц (špic) [masculine] (Russian), chapitel [masculine] (Spanish), aguja [feminine] (Spanish), tornspira [common-gender] (Swedish), spira [common-gender] (Swedish), шпиль (špylʹ) [masculine] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-jhEdCTKp Topics: architecture Disambiguation of 'tapering architectural structure': 8 0 4 14 65 4 6
  6. The top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit. Translations (top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit): пик (pik) [masculine] (Bulgarian), връх (vrǎh) [masculine] (Bulgarian), špička [feminine] (Czech), top (Dutch), toppunt (Dutch), kärki (Finnish), huippu (Finnish), csúcs (Hungarian), orom (Hungarian), tetőcsúcs (Hungarian), punta [feminine] (Italian), koinga (Maori), topo (Portuguese), ápice (Portuguese), cume (Portuguese), cúpula (Portuguese), верху́шка (verxúška) [feminine] (Russian), маку́шка (makúška) [feminine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-3ChAao90 Disambiguation of 'top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit': 1 0 2 3 1 93 1
  7. (mining) A tube or fuse for communicating fire to the charge in blasting. Categories (topical): Mining
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-IZ8Yicld Topics: business, mining
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: broached spire
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /spaɪə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ɚ/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-spire.ogg [US] Forms: spires [plural]
enPR: spīr, spīʹər Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ) Etymology: From Middle French spire. Etymology templates: {{der|en|frm|-}} Middle French, {{m|fr|spire}} spire Head templates: {{en-noun}} spire (plural spires)
  1. One of the sinuous foldings of a serpent or other reptile; a coil.
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-c84KC4QT
  2. A spiral.
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-5Na04uHe
  3. (geometry) The part of a spiral generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole. Categories (topical): Geometry
    Sense id: en-spire-en-noun-UPVr2x~t Topics: geometry, mathematics, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Verb

IPA: /spaɪə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ɚ/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-spire.ogg [US] Forms: spires [present, singular, third-person], spiring [participle, present], spired [participle, past], spired [past]
enPR: spīr, spīʹər Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ) Etymology: From Middle English spire, spyre, spier, spir, from Old English spīr, from Proto-Germanic *spīrō, *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”). Cognate with Dutch spier, German Low German Spier, German Spier, Spiere, Danish spir, Norwegian spir and spire, Swedish spira, Icelandic spíra. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*spey-}}, {{inh|en|enm|spire}} Middle English spire, {{m|enm|spyre}} spyre, {{m|enm|spier}} spier, {{m|enm|spir}} spir, {{inh|en|ang|spīr}} Old English spīr, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*spīrō}} Proto-Germanic *spīrō, {{m|gem-pro|*spīrǭ|t=peak; point; tip; stalk}} *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”), {{cog|nl|spier}} Dutch spier, {{cog|nds-de|Spier}} German Low German Spier, {{cog|de|Spier}} German Spier, {{m|de|Spiere}} Spiere, {{cog|da|spir}} Danish spir, {{cog|no|spir}} Norwegian spir, {{m|no|spire}} spire, {{cog|sv|spira}} Swedish spira, {{cog|is|spíra}} Icelandic spíra Head templates: {{en-verb}} spire (third-person singular simple present spires, present participle spiring, simple past and past participle spired)
  1. (of a seed, plant etc.) to sprout, to send forth the early shoots of growth; to germinate. Tags: of a seed
    Sense id: en-spire-en-verb-0AFfIGXp
  2. To grow upwards rather than develop horizontally.
    Sense id: en-spire-en-verb-rBTPnMfc
  3. (transitive) To furnish with a spire. Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-spire-en-verb-xoO3iHwa
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /spaɪə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈspaɪ.ɚ/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-spire.ogg [US] Forms: spires [present, singular, third-person], spiring [participle, present], spired [participle, past], spired [past]
enPR: spīr, spīʹər Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ) Etymology: From Old French spirer, and its source, Latin spīrō (“to breathe”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|fro|spirer}} Old French spirer, {{der|en|la|spīrō||to breathe}} Latin spīrō (“to breathe”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} spire (third-person singular simple present spires, present participle spiring, simple past and past participle spired)
  1. (intransitive, obsolete) To breathe. Tags: intransitive, obsolete
    Sense id: en-spire-en-verb-7pX6ugwZ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for spire meaning in English (21.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "broached spire"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*spey-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English spire",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spyre"
      },
      "expansion": "spyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "spier",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "spir",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "spīr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English spīr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*spīrō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spīrō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*spīrǭ",
        "t": "peak; point; tip; stalk"
      },
      "expansion": "*spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spiere"
      },
      "expansion": "Spiere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "spire",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "spira"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish spira",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "spíra"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic spíra",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English spire, spyre, spier, spir, from Old English spīr, from Proto-Germanic *spīrō, *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”). Cognate with Dutch spier, German Low German Spier, German Spier, Spiere, Danish spir, Norwegian spir and spire, Swedish spira, Icelandic spíra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (plural spires)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "The stalk or stem of a plant."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-LIr2Vdm7",
      "links": [
        [
          "stalk",
          "stalk"
        ],
        [
          "stem",
          "stem"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now rare) The stalk or stem of a plant."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A young shoot of a plant; a spear."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-uXDbRkb5",
      "links": [
        [
          "shoot",
          "shoot"
        ],
        [
          "spear",
          "spear"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various tall grasses, rushes, or sedges, such as the marram, the reed canary-grass, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-8SpylQg5",
      "links": [
        [
          "marram",
          "marram"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1907, Harold Bindloss, chapter 1, in The Dust of Conflict",
          "text": "A beech wood with silver firs in it rolled down the face of the hill, and the maze of leafless twigs and dusky spires cut sharp against the soft blueness of the evening sky.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A sharp or tapering point."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-qgefefLp",
      "links": [
        [
          "point",
          "point"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Architectural elements",
          "orig": "en:Architectural elements",
          "parents": [
            "Architecture",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The spire of the church rose high above the town."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A tapering structure built on a roof or tower, especially as one of the central architectural features of a church or cathedral roof."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-jhEdCTKp",
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ],
        [
          "roof",
          "roof"
        ],
        [
          "tower",
          "tower"
        ],
        [
          "church",
          "church"
        ],
        [
          "cathedral",
          "cathedral"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture) A tapering structure built on a roof or tower, especially as one of the central architectural features of a church or cathedral roof."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "špil",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "шпил"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "cuculla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "agulla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jiāntǎ",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "尖塔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "尖頂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jiānding",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "尖顶"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "špička"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "věžička"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "spir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "spits"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "torenspits"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "suippotorni"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "torni"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "spiira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flèche"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Turmspitze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Turmhelm"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "templomtorony"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "toronytető"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "toronycsúcs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "toronysisak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "spíra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "turnspíra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "flecho"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "spuaic"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "stuaic"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "guglia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pinnacolo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cuspide"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "alt": "せんとう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "sentō",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "尖塔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "cheomtap",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "첨탑"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "koinga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "word": "koeko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "spir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "spir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "iglica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "agulha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flecha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "coruchéu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "špilʹ",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "шпиль"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "špic",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "шпиц"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "chapitel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "aguja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "tornspira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "spira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 0 4 14 65 4 6",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "špylʹ",
          "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "шпиль"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-3ChAao90",
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "pik",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "пик"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "vrǎh",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "връх"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "špička"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "top"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "toppunt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "kärki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "huippu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "csúcs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "orom"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "tetőcsúcs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "punta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "koinga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "topo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "ápice"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "cume"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "word": "cúpula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "verxúška",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "верху́шка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 2 3 1 93 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "makúška",
          "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "маку́шка"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mining",
          "orig": "en:Mining",
          "parents": [
            "Industries",
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A tube or fuse for communicating fire to the charge in blasting."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-IZ8Yicld",
      "links": [
        [
          "mining",
          "mining#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "tube",
          "tube"
        ],
        [
          "fuse",
          "fuse"
        ],
        [
          "fire",
          "fire"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "blasting",
          "blasting"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mining) A tube or fuse for communicating fire to the charge in blasting."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "mining"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*spey-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English spire",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spyre"
      },
      "expansion": "spyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "spier",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "spir",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "spīr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English spīr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*spīrō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spīrō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*spīrǭ",
        "t": "peak; point; tip; stalk"
      },
      "expansion": "*spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spiere"
      },
      "expansion": "Spiere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "spire",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "spira"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish spira",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "spíra"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic spíra",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English spire, spyre, spier, spir, from Old English spīr, from Proto-Germanic *spīrō, *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”). Cognate with Dutch spier, German Low German Spier, German Spier, Spiere, Danish spir, Norwegian spir and spire, Swedish spira, Icelandic spíra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spiring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (third-person singular simple present spires, present participle spiring, simple past and past participle spired)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to sprout, to send forth the early shoots of growth; to germinate."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-verb-0AFfIGXp",
      "links": [
        [
          "sprout",
          "sprout"
        ],
        [
          "shoot",
          "shoot"
        ],
        [
          "germinate",
          "germinate"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "plant etc.",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a seed, plant etc.) to sprout, to send forth the early shoots of growth; to germinate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "of a seed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To grow upwards rather than develop horizontally."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-verb-rBTPnMfc",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To furnish with a spire."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-verb-xoO3iHwa",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To furnish with a spire."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "spirer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French spirer",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "spīrō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to breathe"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin spīrō (“to breathe”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French spirer, and its source, Latin spīrō (“to breathe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spiring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (third-person singular simple present spires, present participle spiring, simple past and past participle spired)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To breathe."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-verb-7pX6ugwZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "breathe",
          "breathe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) To breathe."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "spire",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French spire.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (plural spires)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One of the sinuous foldings of a serpent or other reptile; a coil."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-c84KC4QT",
      "links": [
        [
          "sinuous",
          "sinuous"
        ],
        [
          "serpent",
          "serpent"
        ],
        [
          "coil",
          "coil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A spiral."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-5Na04uHe",
      "links": [
        [
          "spiral",
          "spiral"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Geometry",
          "orig": "en:Geometry",
          "parents": [
            "Mathematics",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The part of a spiral generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole."
      ],
      "id": "en-spire-en-noun-UPVr2x~t",
      "links": [
        [
          "geometry",
          "geometry"
        ],
        [
          "spiral",
          "spiral"
        ],
        [
          "revolution",
          "revolution"
        ],
        [
          "pole",
          "pole"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geometry) The part of a spiral generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geometry",
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "broached spire"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*spey-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English spire",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spyre"
      },
      "expansion": "spyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "spier",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "spir",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "spīr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English spīr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*spīrō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spīrō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*spīrǭ",
        "t": "peak; point; tip; stalk"
      },
      "expansion": "*spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spiere"
      },
      "expansion": "Spiere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "spire",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "spira"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish spira",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "spíra"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic spíra",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English spire, spyre, spier, spir, from Old English spīr, from Proto-Germanic *spīrō, *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”). Cognate with Dutch spier, German Low German Spier, German Spier, Spiere, Danish spir, Norwegian spir and spire, Swedish spira, Icelandic spíra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (plural spires)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The stalk or stem of a plant."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stalk",
          "stalk"
        ],
        [
          "stem",
          "stem"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now rare) The stalk or stem of a plant."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A young shoot of a plant; a spear."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shoot",
          "shoot"
        ],
        [
          "spear",
          "spear"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various tall grasses, rushes, or sedges, such as the marram, the reed canary-grass, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "marram",
          "marram"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1907, Harold Bindloss, chapter 1, in The Dust of Conflict",
          "text": "A beech wood with silver firs in it rolled down the face of the hill, and the maze of leafless twigs and dusky spires cut sharp against the soft blueness of the evening sky.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A sharp or tapering point."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "point",
          "point"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Architectural elements"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The spire of the church rose high above the town."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A tapering structure built on a roof or tower, especially as one of the central architectural features of a church or cathedral roof."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ],
        [
          "roof",
          "roof"
        ],
        [
          "tower",
          "tower"
        ],
        [
          "church",
          "church"
        ],
        [
          "cathedral",
          "cathedral"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture) A tapering structure built on a roof or tower, especially as one of the central architectural features of a church or cathedral roof."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Mining"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A tube or fuse for communicating fire to the charge in blasting."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mining",
          "mining#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "tube",
          "tube"
        ],
        [
          "fuse",
          "fuse"
        ],
        [
          "fire",
          "fire"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "blasting",
          "blasting"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mining) A tube or fuse for communicating fire to the charge in blasting."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "mining"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "špil",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шпил"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "cuculla"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "agulla"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jiāntǎ",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "尖塔"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "尖頂"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jiānding",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "尖顶"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "špička"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "věžička"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "spir"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spits"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torenspits"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "suippotorni"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "torni"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "spiira"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flèche"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Turmspitze"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Turmhelm"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "templomtorony"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "toronytető"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "toronycsúcs"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "toronysisak"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "spíra"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "turnspíra"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "flecho"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "spuaic"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "stuaic"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "guglia"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pinnacolo"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cuspide"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せんとう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "sentō",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "尖塔"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "cheomtap",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "첨탑"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "koinga"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "word": "koeko"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spir"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spir"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "iglica"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "agulha"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flecha"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "coruchéu"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "špilʹ",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шпиль"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "špic",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шпиц"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chapitel"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "aguja"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "tornspira"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "spira"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "špylʹ",
      "sense": "tapering architectural structure",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шпиль"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "pik",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "пик"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "vrǎh",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "връх"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "špička"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "top"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "toppunt"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "kärki"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "huippu"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "csúcs"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "orom"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "tetőcsúcs"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "punta"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "koinga"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "topo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "ápice"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "cume"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "word": "cúpula"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "verxúška",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "верху́шка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "makúška",
      "sense": "top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "маку́шка"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*spey-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English spire",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spyre"
      },
      "expansion": "spyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "spier",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "spir",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "spīr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English spīr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*spīrō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spīrō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*spīrǭ",
        "t": "peak; point; tip; stalk"
      },
      "expansion": "*spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "spier"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spier"
      },
      "expansion": "German Spier",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Spiere"
      },
      "expansion": "Spiere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spir"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian spir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "spire",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "spira"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish spira",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "spíra"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic spíra",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English spire, spyre, spier, spir, from Old English spīr, from Proto-Germanic *spīrō, *spīrǭ (“peak; point; tip; stalk”). Cognate with Dutch spier, German Low German Spier, German Spier, Spiere, Danish spir, Norwegian spir and spire, Swedish spira, Icelandic spíra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spiring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (third-person singular simple present spires, present participle spiring, simple past and past participle spired)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to sprout, to send forth the early shoots of growth; to germinate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sprout",
          "sprout"
        ],
        [
          "shoot",
          "shoot"
        ],
        [
          "germinate",
          "germinate"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "plant etc.",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a seed, plant etc.) to sprout, to send forth the early shoots of growth; to germinate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "of a seed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To grow upwards rather than develop horizontally."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To furnish with a spire."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To furnish with a spire."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "spirer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French spirer",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "spīrō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to breathe"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin spīrō (“to breathe”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French spirer, and its source, Latin spīrō (“to breathe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spiring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spired",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (third-person singular simple present spires, present participle spiring, simple past and past participle spired)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To breathe."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "breathe",
          "breathe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) To breathe."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "spire"
      },
      "expansion": "spire",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French spire.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spires",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spire (plural spires)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One of the sinuous foldings of a serpent or other reptile; a coil."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sinuous",
          "sinuous"
        ],
        [
          "serpent",
          "serpent"
        ],
        [
          "coil",
          "coil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A spiral."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spiral",
          "spiral"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Geometry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The part of a spiral generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geometry",
          "geometry"
        ],
        [
          "spiral",
          "spiral"
        ],
        [
          "revolution",
          "revolution"
        ],
        [
          "pole",
          "pole"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geometry) The part of a spiral generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geometry",
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spaɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-spire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg/En-us-spire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-spire.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīr"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "spīʹər"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spire"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.