See shard in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for shard meaning in English (23.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "potsherd"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scherd"
},
"expansion": "scherd",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scheard"
},
"expansion": "scheard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schord"
},
"expansion": "schord",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeard",
"t": "a broken piece; shard"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skardą",
"t": "notch; nick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skardaz",
"t": "damaged; nicked; scarred"
},
"expansion": "*skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "schaird",
"t": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Scots schaird (“shard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "écharde",
"t": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "French écharde (“splinter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schaarde",
"t": "tear; notch; fragment"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Scharte",
"t": "notch"
},
"expansion": "German Scharte (“notch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skarð",
"t": "notch, hack"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skår"
},
"expansion": "Danish skår",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shard, scherd, scheard, schord, from Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”), from Proto-West Germanic *skard, from Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”), from *skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to Scots schaird (“shard”), French écharde (“splinter”), Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”), German Scharte (“notch”), Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”) ( > Danish skår).\nThe database sense is perhaps derived from the online gaming sense or from SHARD (System for Highly Available Replicated Data), name of a 1980s database product.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shard (plural shards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 3 10 27 25 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, page 29",
"text": "You know there is something fascinating beyond that wall because someone's tried to stop you seeing over, and there are shards of glass embedded in the top.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of broken glass or pottery, especially one found in an archaeological dig."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-noun-kzSTLCUs",
"links": [
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"broken",
"broken"
],
[
"glass",
"glass"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
],
[
"archaeological",
"archaeological"
],
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potsherd"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "2014, Paul Salopek, Blessed. Cursed. Claimed., National Geographic (December 2014)https://web.archive.org/web/20150212214621/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/pilgrim-roads/salopek-text\nInside its exhibit hall, behind panes of glass, in a white-lit lab, a team of restorers works on an ancient Byzantine floor: 44 square yards of stone shards rescued from Lot’s Cave Monastery."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of material, especially rock and similar materials, reminding of a broken piece of glass or pottery."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-noun-7363z2sB",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A piece of material, especially rock and similar materials, reminding of a broken piece of glass or pottery."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "splinter"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 49 2 10 4 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "siru"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 49 2 10 4 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "sirpale"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 49 2 10 4 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "pirstale"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 49 2 10 4 19",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "ṣat"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A tough scale, sheath, or shell; especially an elytron of a beetle."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-noun-XG4BgPUW",
"links": [
[
"scale",
"scale"
],
[
"sheath",
"sheath"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
],
[
"elytron",
"elytron"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 84 4 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "elitra",
"sense": "tough scale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "елитра"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 84 4 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "sheath",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tough scale",
"word": "kilpi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 84 4 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "shell",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tough scale",
"word": "kuori"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 84 4 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tough scale",
"word": "peitinsiipi (elytron)"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 84 4 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páncirʹ",
"sense": "tough scale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "па́нцирь"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "en:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 3 10 27 25 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1997, Ultima Online. The term \"shard\" is related to the backstory of the game, in which the Gem of Immortality is shattered by the Stranger, the protagonist of Ultima I.\n\"The planet was still bound to the jewel's magic, even as it lay shattered upon the floor of Mondain's castle. For, within each shattered remnant of the jewel, dwelled a perfect likeness of Sosaria. Thus is the world in which you are born, live, and die. Brittania, that was once Sosaria, now exists as a thousand worlds, each with its own peoples, history and destiny. This Brittania is but one of many in the multiverse that is... ...ULTIMA ONLINE.\" - Intro cinematic to the game, written by Michael Morlan https://web.archive.org/web/20080706122926/http://michael-morlan.net/pages/production/prod_uo.htm"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instance of an MMORPG that is one of several independent and structurally identical virtual worlds, none of which has so many players as to exhaust a system's resources."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-noun-8rFvTr7o",
"links": [
[
"online",
"online"
],
[
"gaming",
"gaming#Noun"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"MMORPG",
"MMORPG"
],
[
"virtual",
"virtual"
],
[
"resource",
"resource"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(online gaming) An instance of an MMORPG that is one of several independent and structurally identical virtual worlds, none of which has so many players as to exhaust a system's resources."
],
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"topics": [
"games",
"gaming"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Databases",
"orig": "en:Databases",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 3 10 27 25 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A component of a sharded distributed database."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-noun-2uAVERec",
"links": [
[
"database",
"database"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(databases) A component of a sharded distributed database."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "partition"
}
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"databases",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 3 10 27 25 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of crystal methamphetamine."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-noun-AjH3UXHJ",
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"crystal methamphetamine",
"crystal methamphetamine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, in the singular or in the plural) A piece of crystal methamphetamine."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"singular",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃaːd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑːd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg/En-us-shard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sherd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "skerf"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kisra",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "كِسْرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čirep",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чиреп"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "ca",
"english": "pottery",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "padellàs"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "střep"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skår"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "siru"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "sirpale"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "pirstale"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éclat"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tesson"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Scherbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "óstrakon",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ὄστρακον"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "hu",
"english": "pottery",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "cserépdarab"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "hu",
"english": "glass",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "szilánk"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frammento"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coccio"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testa"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "otkršok",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "откршок"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "mk",
"english": "glass",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "srča",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "срча"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "crep",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цреп"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "pāra"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "kuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "rutunga"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skår"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skar"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šekâle",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "شکاله"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sefâle",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "سفاله"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skorupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odłamek"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caco"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estilhaço"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ciob"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskólok",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оско́лок"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "esp. ceramic",
"roman": "čerepók",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "черепо́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "krhotina"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "črep"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crjop"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casco"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "añicos"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esquirla"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skärva"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "ṣat"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oskólok",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "оско́лок"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "testea"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 40 0 1 0 13",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xhervea"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shard"
],
"word": "shard"
}
{
"categories": [],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scherd"
},
"expansion": "scherd",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scheard"
},
"expansion": "scheard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schord"
},
"expansion": "schord",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeard",
"t": "a broken piece; shard"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skardą",
"t": "notch; nick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skardaz",
"t": "damaged; nicked; scarred"
},
"expansion": "*skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "schaird",
"t": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Scots schaird (“shard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "écharde",
"t": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "French écharde (“splinter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schaarde",
"t": "tear; notch; fragment"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Scharte",
"t": "notch"
},
"expansion": "German Scharte (“notch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skarð",
"t": "notch, hack"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skår"
},
"expansion": "Danish skår",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shard, scherd, scheard, schord, from Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”), from Proto-West Germanic *skard, from Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”), from *skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to Scots schaird (“shard”), French écharde (“splinter”), Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”), German Scharte (“notch”), Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”) ( > Danish skår).\nThe database sense is perhaps derived from the online gaming sense or from SHARD (System for Highly Available Replicated Data), name of a 1980s database product.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shards",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sharding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sharded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sharded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shard (third-person singular simple present shards, present participle sharding, simple past and past participle sharded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To fall apart into shards, usually as the result of impact or explosion."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-verb-bLPPL22M",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To fall apart into shards, usually as the result of impact or explosion."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "sirpaloitua"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "pirstoutua"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "éclater"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "frammentare"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "sparge"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "ciobi"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbivátʹsja",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разбива́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbítʹsja",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разби́ться"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To break (something) into shards."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-verb-rp3BBQ~~",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To break (something) into shards."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "34 66 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to break",
"word": "pirstoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to break",
"word": "frammentarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to break",
"word": "sparge"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbivátʹ",
"sense": "to break",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разбива́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbítʹ",
"sense": "to break",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разби́ть"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "en:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To divide (an MMORPG) into several shards, or to establish a shard of one."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-verb-lidyxT54",
"links": [
[
"online",
"online"
],
[
"gaming",
"gaming#Noun"
],
[
"MMORPG",
"MMORPG"
],
[
"shards",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(online gaming, transitive) To divide (an MMORPG) into several shards, or to establish a shard of one."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"games",
"gaming"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃaːd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑːd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg/En-us-shard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sherd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shard"
],
"word": "shard"
}
{
"categories": [],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "shard (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1684, John Dryden, “From Horace, Epode 2”, in The Second Part of Miscellany Poems, 4th edition, London: Jacob Tonson, page 79",
"text": "Not Heathpout, or the rarer Bird,\nWhich Phasis, or Ionia yields,\nMore pleasing Morsels would afford\nThan the fat Olives of my Fields;\nThan Shards or Mallows for the Pot,\nThat keep the loosen’d Body sound,\nOr than the Lamb that falls by Lot,\nTo the just Guardian of my Ground.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The plant chard."
],
"id": "en-shard-en-noun-l9KRT7mj",
"links": [
[
"chard",
"chard"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃaːd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑːd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg/En-us-shard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shard"
],
"word": "shard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "potsherd"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scherd"
},
"expansion": "scherd",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scheard"
},
"expansion": "scheard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schord"
},
"expansion": "schord",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeard",
"t": "a broken piece; shard"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skardą",
"t": "notch; nick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skardaz",
"t": "damaged; nicked; scarred"
},
"expansion": "*skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "schaird",
"t": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Scots schaird (“shard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "écharde",
"t": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "French écharde (“splinter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schaarde",
"t": "tear; notch; fragment"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Scharte",
"t": "notch"
},
"expansion": "German Scharte (“notch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skarð",
"t": "notch, hack"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skår"
},
"expansion": "Danish skår",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shard, scherd, scheard, schord, from Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”), from Proto-West Germanic *skard, from Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”), from *skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to Scots schaird (“shard”), French écharde (“splinter”), Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”), German Scharte (“notch”), Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”) ( > Danish skår).\nThe database sense is perhaps derived from the online gaming sense or from SHARD (System for Highly Available Replicated Data), name of a 1980s database product.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shard (plural shards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, page 29",
"text": "You know there is something fascinating beyond that wall because someone's tried to stop you seeing over, and there are shards of glass embedded in the top.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of broken glass or pottery, especially one found in an archaeological dig."
],
"links": [
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"broken",
"broken"
],
[
"glass",
"glass"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
],
[
"archaeological",
"archaeological"
],
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potsherd"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "2014, Paul Salopek, Blessed. Cursed. Claimed., National Geographic (December 2014)https://web.archive.org/web/20150212214621/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/pilgrim-roads/salopek-text\nInside its exhibit hall, behind panes of glass, in a white-lit lab, a team of restorers works on an ancient Byzantine floor: 44 square yards of stone shards rescued from Lot’s Cave Monastery."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of material, especially rock and similar materials, reminding of a broken piece of glass or pottery."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A piece of material, especially rock and similar materials, reminding of a broken piece of glass or pottery."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "splinter"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A tough scale, sheath, or shell; especially an elytron of a beetle."
],
"links": [
[
"scale",
"scale"
],
[
"sheath",
"sheath"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
],
[
"elytron",
"elytron"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Video games"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1997, Ultima Online. The term \"shard\" is related to the backstory of the game, in which the Gem of Immortality is shattered by the Stranger, the protagonist of Ultima I.\n\"The planet was still bound to the jewel's magic, even as it lay shattered upon the floor of Mondain's castle. For, within each shattered remnant of the jewel, dwelled a perfect likeness of Sosaria. Thus is the world in which you are born, live, and die. Brittania, that was once Sosaria, now exists as a thousand worlds, each with its own peoples, history and destiny. This Brittania is but one of many in the multiverse that is... ...ULTIMA ONLINE.\" - Intro cinematic to the game, written by Michael Morlan https://web.archive.org/web/20080706122926/http://michael-morlan.net/pages/production/prod_uo.htm"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instance of an MMORPG that is one of several independent and structurally identical virtual worlds, none of which has so many players as to exhaust a system's resources."
],
"links": [
[
"online",
"online"
],
[
"gaming",
"gaming#Noun"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"MMORPG",
"MMORPG"
],
[
"virtual",
"virtual"
],
[
"resource",
"resource"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(online gaming) An instance of an MMORPG that is one of several independent and structurally identical virtual worlds, none of which has so many players as to exhaust a system's resources."
],
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"topics": [
"games",
"gaming"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Databases"
],
"glosses": [
"A component of a sharded distributed database."
],
"links": [
[
"database",
"database"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(databases) A component of a sharded distributed database."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "partition"
}
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"databases",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of crystal methamphetamine."
],
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"crystal methamphetamine",
"crystal methamphetamine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, in the singular or in the plural) A piece of crystal methamphetamine."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"singular",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃaːd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑːd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg/En-us-shard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sherd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "skerf"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kisra",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "كِسْرَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čirep",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чиреп"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"english": "pottery",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "padellàs"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "střep"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skår"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "siru"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "sirpale"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "pirstale"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éclat"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tesson"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Scherbe"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "óstrakon",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ὄστρακον"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "pottery",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "cserépdarab"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "glass",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "szilánk"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frammento"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coccio"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testa"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "otkršok",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "откршок"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"english": "glass",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "srča",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "срча"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "crep",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цреп"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "pāra"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "kuru"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "rutunga"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skår"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skar"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šekâle",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "شکاله"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sefâle",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "سفاله"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skorupa"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odłamek"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caco"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estilhaço"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ciob"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskólok",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оско́лок"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "esp. ceramic",
"roman": "čerepók",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "черепо́к"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "krhotina"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "črep"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crjop"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "añicos"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esquirla"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skärva"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "ṣat"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oskólok",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"word": "оско́лок"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "testea"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "piece of glass or pottery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xhervea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "siru"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "sirpale"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "pirstale"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "piece of rock or similar",
"word": "ṣat"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "elitra",
"sense": "tough scale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "елитра"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "sheath",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tough scale",
"word": "kilpi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "shell",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tough scale",
"word": "kuori"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tough scale",
"word": "peitinsiipi (elytron)"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páncirʹ",
"sense": "tough scale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "па́нцирь"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shard"
],
"word": "shard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scherd"
},
"expansion": "scherd",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "scheard"
},
"expansion": "scheard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schord"
},
"expansion": "schord",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeard",
"t": "a broken piece; shard"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skardą",
"t": "notch; nick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skardaz",
"t": "damaged; nicked; scarred"
},
"expansion": "*skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "schaird",
"t": "shard"
},
"expansion": "Scots schaird (“shard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "écharde",
"t": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "French écharde (“splinter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schaarde",
"t": "tear; notch; fragment"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Scharte",
"t": "notch"
},
"expansion": "German Scharte (“notch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skarð",
"t": "notch, hack"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "skår"
},
"expansion": "Danish skår",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English shard, scherd, scheard, schord, from Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”), from Proto-West Germanic *skard, from Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”), from *skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to Scots schaird (“shard”), French écharde (“splinter”), Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”), German Scharte (“notch”), Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”) ( > Danish skår).\nThe database sense is perhaps derived from the online gaming sense or from SHARD (System for Highly Available Replicated Data), name of a 1980s database product.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shards",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sharding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sharded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sharded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shard (third-person singular simple present shards, present participle sharding, simple past and past participle sharded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To fall apart into shards, usually as the result of impact or explosion."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To fall apart into shards, usually as the result of impact or explosion."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To break (something) into shards."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To break (something) into shards."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Video games"
],
"glosses": [
"To divide (an MMORPG) into several shards, or to establish a shard of one."
],
"links": [
[
"online",
"online"
],
[
"gaming",
"gaming#Noun"
],
[
"MMORPG",
"MMORPG"
],
[
"shards",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(online gaming, transitive) To divide (an MMORPG) into several shards, or to establish a shard of one."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"games",
"gaming"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃaːd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑːd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg/En-us-shard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sherd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "sirpaloitua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "pirstoutua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "éclater"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "frammentare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "sparge"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"word": "ciobi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbivátʹsja",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разбива́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbítʹsja",
"sense": "to fall apart",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разби́ться"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to break",
"word": "pirstoa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to break",
"word": "frammentarsi"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to break",
"word": "sparge"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbivátʹ",
"sense": "to break",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разбива́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbítʹ",
"sense": "to break",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разби́ть"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shard"
],
"word": "shard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "shard (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1684, John Dryden, “From Horace, Epode 2”, in The Second Part of Miscellany Poems, 4th edition, London: Jacob Tonson, page 79",
"text": "Not Heathpout, or the rarer Bird,\nWhich Phasis, or Ionia yields,\nMore pleasing Morsels would afford\nThan the fat Olives of my Fields;\nThan Shards or Mallows for the Pot,\nThat keep the loosen’d Body sound,\nOr than the Lamb that falls by Lot,\nTo the just Guardian of my Ground.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The plant chard."
],
"links": [
[
"chard",
"chard"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃaːd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑːd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg/En-us-shard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-shard.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shard"
],
"word": "shard"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.