See obstinacy in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steh₂-"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "obstinate",
"3": "cy"
},
"expansion": "obstinate + -cy",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From obstinate + -cy.",
"forms": [
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"form": "obstinacies",
"tags": [
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"expansion": "obstinacy (countable and uncountable, plural obstinacies)",
"name": "en-noun"
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
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"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "determination"
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"word": "perseverance"
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"senses": [
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"examples": [
{
"text": "He finished only through a mixture of determined obstinacy and ingenuity."
},
{
"ref": "1839, Charles Dickens, chapter 44, in Oliver Twist:",
"text": "\"I don't know where,\" replied the girl.\n\"Then I do,\" said Sikes, more in the spirit of obstinacy than because he had any real objection.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1877, Leo Tolstoy (author), David Magarshack (translator), Anna Karenina, part 6, ch 12,\nHis hand closed, he drew back, and his face assumed a still more stubborn expression.\n\"For you it's a matter of obstinacy,\" she said, looking intently at him and suddenly finding the right word for the expression of his face which exasperated her so much."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state, or an act, of stubbornness or doggedness."
],
"id": "en-obstinacy-en-noun-IS4BVngo",
"links": [
[
"stubbornness",
"stubbornness"
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[
"doggedness",
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕinād",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عِنَاد"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kamakorutʻyun",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "կամակորություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "inadkarlıq"
},
{
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"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "upártascʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упа́ртасць"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uporítost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упори́тост"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "inát",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ина́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinació"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "頑固"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wángù",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "顽固"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
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"word": "tvrdohlavost"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "obstineco"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "obstino"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "itsepäisyys"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "itsepintaisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entêtement"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstination"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teima"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teimosía"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "touñada"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
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"word": "piturra"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
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"word": "gurra"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
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"word": "tercura"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sturheit"
},
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"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Eigensinn"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "peísma",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πείσμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ischyrognomosýni",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ισχυρογνωμοσύνη"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gináti",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
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"word": "γινάτι"
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"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "haṭh",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
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"word": "हठ"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "zid",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ज़िद"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "csökönyösség"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testardaggine"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostinazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"alt": "がんこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ganko",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "頑固"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"alt": "いじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "iji",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "意地"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "wan'go",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "완고"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinātiō"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tvŕdoglavost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "твр́доглавост"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svóeglavost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сво́еглавост"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "upornost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упорност"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inaet",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инает"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inat",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
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"word": "инат"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "maṟkkaṭamuṣṭi",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "മർക്കടമുഷ്ടി"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ʿinad",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "عناد"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "temerrüd",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "تمرد"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ısrar",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "اصرار"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lajâjat",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "لجاجت"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mo'ânadat",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "معاندت"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'enâd",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "عناد"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ieejensenn"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upartość"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upór"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinação"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "încăpățânare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinație"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uprjámstvo",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "упря́мство"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "upórstvo",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "упо́рство"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"english": "foolish obstinacy",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tverdolóbostʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "твердоло́бость"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "upjórtostʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "упёртость"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "тврдо̀главо̄ст"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "упо́рно̄ст"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrdòglavōst"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "upórnōst"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrdohlavosť"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trmoglavost"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trma"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testarudez"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "porfía"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "terquedad"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinación"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "yakravi",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "якравӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "sarkaši",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "саркашӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "inod",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "инод"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "qaysari",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "қайсарӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "inatçılık"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "inat"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "upértistʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упе́ртість"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "oʻjarlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "qaysarlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "sarkashlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "sự ngoan cố"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "sự cố chấp"
}
]
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"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of bisons; the collective noun for bisons."
],
"id": "en-obstinacy-en-noun-WaRppYm5",
"links": [
[
"bison",
"bison"
],
[
"collective noun",
"collective noun#English"
],
[
"bison",
"bison#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, collective) A group of bisons; the collective noun for bisons."
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑbstɪnəsi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɒbstɪnəsi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-obstinacy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-us-obstinacy.ogg/En-us-obstinacy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-us-obstinacy.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "conviction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "insistence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "recalcitrance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stubbornness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tenacity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "obstinance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "obstinancy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "obstinacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "doggedness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "pertinacity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "resolve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "temerity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "vehemence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "intransigence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "pigheadedness"
}
],
"word": "obstinacy"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
"English terms suffixed with -cy",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "obstinate",
"3": "cy"
},
"expansion": "obstinate + -cy",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From obstinate + -cy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obstinacies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "obstinacy (countable and uncountable, plural obstinacies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "determination"
},
{
"word": "perseverance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "persistence"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "resolution"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "steadfastness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "sticktoitiveness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "mumpsimus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "obstinate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "persevere"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He finished only through a mixture of determined obstinacy and ingenuity."
},
{
"ref": "1839, Charles Dickens, chapter 44, in Oliver Twist:",
"text": "\"I don't know where,\" replied the girl.\n\"Then I do,\" said Sikes, more in the spirit of obstinacy than because he had any real objection.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1877, Leo Tolstoy (author), David Magarshack (translator), Anna Karenina, part 6, ch 12,\nHis hand closed, he drew back, and his face assumed a still more stubborn expression.\n\"For you it's a matter of obstinacy,\" she said, looking intently at him and suddenly finding the right word for the expression of his face which exasperated her so much."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state, or an act, of stubbornness or doggedness."
],
"links": [
[
"stubbornness",
"stubbornness"
],
[
"doggedness",
"doggedness"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns",
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A group of bisons; the collective noun for bisons."
],
"links": [
[
"bison",
"bison"
],
[
"collective noun",
"collective noun#English"
],
[
"bison",
"bison#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, collective) A group of bisons; the collective noun for bisons."
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑbstɪnəsi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɒbstɪnəsi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-obstinacy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-us-obstinacy.ogg/En-us-obstinacy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-us-obstinacy.ogg"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "conviction"
},
{
"word": "insistence"
},
{
"word": "recalcitrance"
},
{
"word": "stubbornness"
},
{
"word": "tenacity"
},
{
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "obstinance"
},
{
"word": "obstinancy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "obstinacy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "doggedness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "pertinacity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "resolve"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "temerity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "vehemence"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "intransigence"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obstinacy",
"word": "pigheadedness"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕinād",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عِنَاد"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kamakorutʻyun",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "կամակորություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "inadkarlıq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "upártascʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упа́ртасць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uporítost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упори́тост"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "inát",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ина́т"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinació"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "頑固"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wángù",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "顽固"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrdohlavost"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "obstineco"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "obstino"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "itsepäisyys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "itsepintaisuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entêtement"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstination"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teima"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teimosía"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "touñada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "piturra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gurra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tercura"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sturheit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Eigensinn"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "peísma",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πείσμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ischyrognomosýni",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ισχυρογνωμοσύνη"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gináti",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "γινάτι"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "haṭh",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "हठ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "zid",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ज़िद"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "csökönyösség"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testardaggine"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ostinazione"
},
{
"alt": "がんこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ganko",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "頑固"
},
{
"alt": "いじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "iji",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "意地"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "wan'go",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "완고"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinātiō"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tvŕdoglavost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "твр́доглавост"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svóeglavost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сво́еглавост"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "upornost",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упорност"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inaet",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инает"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inat",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инат"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "maṟkkaṭamuṣṭi",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "മർക്കടമുഷ്ടി"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ʿinad",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "عناد"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "temerrüd",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "تمرد"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ısrar",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "اصرار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lajâjat",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "لجاجت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mo'ânadat",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "معاندت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'enâd",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "عناد"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ieejensenn"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upartość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upór"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "încăpățânare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinație"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uprjámstvo",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "упря́мство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "upórstvo",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "упо́рство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "foolish obstinacy",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tverdolóbostʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "твердоло́бость"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "upjórtostʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "упёртость"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "тврдо̀главо̄ст"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "упо́рно̄ст"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrdòglavōst"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "upórnōst"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tvrdohlavosť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trmoglavost"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testarudez"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "porfía"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "terquedad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obstinación"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "yakravi",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "якравӣ"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "sarkaši",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "саркашӣ"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "inod",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "инод"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "qaysari",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "қайсарӣ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "inatçılık"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "inat"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "upértistʹ",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упе́ртість"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "oʻjarlik"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "qaysarlik"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "sarkashlik"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "sự ngoan cố"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "state of stubbornness",
"word": "sự cố chấp"
}
],
"word": "obstinacy"
}
Download raw JSONL data for obstinacy meaning in English (14.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.