See mandarin in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Cleopatra mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lemandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarinate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarin collar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarindom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandariness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarin fish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarin gown"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarinic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarining"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarinism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarinize"
},
{
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"word": "mandarinquat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarinship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mandarin square"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "mandairín"
}
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "pt:mandarim<id:mandarin>",
"id": "from big-boss-referent origins",
"tree": "1"
},
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"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "from big-boss-referent origins"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men- (think)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "mandarim",
"4": "mandarim, mandarij"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese mandarim, mandarij",
"name": "bor"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ms",
"3": "menteri",
"4": "menteri, manteri"
},
"expansion": "Malay menteri, manteri",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मन्त्रिन्",
"t": "minister, councillor"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, councillor”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मन्त्र",
"3": "-इन्",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "an agent suffix",
"t1": "counsel, maxim, mantra"
},
"expansion": "मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-Iranian *mántras\nSanskrit मन्त्र॑ (mántra)\nProto-Indo-Iranian *-in-\nSanskrit -इन् (-in)\nSanskrit म॒न्त्रिन् (mantrín)bor.\nMalay menteribor.\nPortuguese mandarimbor.\nEnglish mandarin\nFrom Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, and its source, Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), from मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix).",
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{
"form": "mandarins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mandarin (plural mandarins)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"man",
"da",
"rin"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 1580s",
"references": []
}
],
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"ref": "1991, Chris Mullin, The Year of the Fire Monkey (Fiction), London: Chatto & Windus, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 252:",
"text": "LIKE THE MANDARINS of old, the rulers of China live behind high walls. When they emerge, which they rarely do, they travel in cars with rear windows curtained like sedan chairs.\nThey live in the Chung Nan Hai, a walled park adjacent to the Forbidden City from where ancient dynasties ruled the Celestial Empire.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire."
],
"id": "en-mandarin-en-noun-8ZwqXLk3",
"links": [
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"bureaucrat",
"bureaucrat"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandaryn"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "mandarin",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мандарин"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "gun¹",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "官"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "guān",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "官"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarín"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandareno"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandariini"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarín"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "mandarínos",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μανδαρίνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandareno"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandairín"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarino"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "mandarín",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мандари́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "menteri"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandaryn"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarim"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "mandarín",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мандари́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "манда̀рӣн"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "mandàrīn"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 27 5 3 6 14",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "quan"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pedantic or elitist bureaucrat."
],
"id": "en-mandarin-en-noun-4OYYNo4V",
"links": [
[
"pedantic",
"pedantic"
],
[
"elitist",
"elitist"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "24 58 5 0 7 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarín"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 58 5 0 7 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"word": "aurinkokuningas"
},
{
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"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandairín"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 58 5 0 7 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
}
]
},
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"ref": "1966 April 22, “The Beauty of His Malice”, in Time, archived from the original on 06 Nov 2012:",
"text": "Its sting preserved to literature a fierce peculiar genius [Waugh] who, in the 40 years before his death last week at 62, achieved recognition as the grand old mandarin of modern British prose and as a satirist whose skill at sticking pens in people rates him a roomy cell in the murderers’ row (Swift, Pope, Wilde, Shaw) of English letters.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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],
"ref": "2021 June 23, Peter S. Canellos, “Why The ‘Trump Court’ Won’t Be Like Trump”, in Politico:",
"text": "When mandarins on the court pointed to obscure language in the Constitution to overturn a century of precedent and declare the income tax unconstitutional, Harlan sided with precedent[.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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"ref": "2024 January 13, Boyd Tonkin, “The culture of copyright creep”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:",
"text": "When institutional mandarins such as this eminent pair set out to undermine the traditional basis for remunerating the products of the mind, you might expect a lowly scribe (such as your reviewer) to take umbrage.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-mandarin-en-noun-zHwQQPEd",
"links": [
[
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"derogatory"
],
[
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"pedantic"
],
[
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"academia"
],
[
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"literary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) A pedantic senior person of influence in academia or literary circles."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 22 42 2 8 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "academic or literary elitist",
"word": "aurinkokuningas"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 22 42 2 8 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "academic or literary elitist",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "mandarin duck"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ornithology",
"orig": "en:Ornithology",
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{
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],
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],
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"links": [
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"ornithology"
],
[
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"mandarin duck#English"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) Ellipsis of mandarin duck."
],
"tags": [
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"alt-of",
"ellipsis"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
},
{
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],
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},
{
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},
{
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}
]
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"ref": "1953, Alfred Bester, The Demolished Man:",
"text": "He lay quietly in the hydropathic bed while his heart shuddered and his eyes focused at random on objects in the room, simulating a calm he could not feel. The walls of green jade, the nightlight in the porcelain mandarin whose head nodded interminably if you touched him, the multi-clock that radiated the time of three planets and six satelittes, the bed itself, a crystal pool flowing with carbonated glycerine at ninety-nine point nine Fahrenheit.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A figurine of a Chinese person with movable head that was popular in the 1950s. (Cf. bobblehead.)"
],
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[
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]
]
}
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},
{
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"UK"
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}
],
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},
"expansion": "मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix)",
"name": "com"
}
],
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]
},
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{
"attestations": [
{
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"references": []
}
],
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"word": "mandarin garnet"
}
],
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{
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95
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],
"ref": "1997, Henry Louis Gates Jr., “The Passing of Anatole Broyard”, in Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Black Man, New York: Random House, pages 180–181:",
"text": "[Anatole] Broyard's columns were suffused with both worldliness and high culture. Wry, mandarin, even self-amused at times, he wrote like a man about town, but one who just happened to have all of Western literature at his fingertips.",
"type": "quotation"
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],
"ref": "2007, Marina Warner, “Doubly Damned”, in London Review of Books, 29:3, p. 26:",
"text": "Though alert to riddles' strong roots in vernacular narrative, Cook's tastes are mandarin, and she gives a loving account of Wallace Stevens's meditations on the life of poetic images and simile […].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
"id": "en-mandarin-en-adj-bMev0xLF",
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[
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]
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],
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],
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],
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],
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},
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},
{
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}
],
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],
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],
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}
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],
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{
"categories": [
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"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Portuguese",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Malay",
"English terms derived from Portuguese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (think)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *man-",
"English terms derived from the Sanskrit root मन्",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Citrus subfamily plants",
"en:Ducks",
"en:Fruits",
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"sv:Fruits",
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},
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},
{
"word": "mandarinal"
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{
"word": "mandarinate"
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{
"word": "mandarin collar"
},
{
"word": "mandarindom"
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{
"word": "mandariness"
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{
"word": "mandarin fish"
},
{
"word": "mandarin gown"
},
{
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},
{
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{
"word": "mandarinism"
},
{
"word": "mandarinize"
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{
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},
{
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},
{
"word": "mandarin square"
}
],
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},
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],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-Iranian *mántras\nSanskrit मन्त्र॑ (mántra)\nProto-Indo-Iranian *-in-\nSanskrit -इन् (-in)\nSanskrit म॒न्त्रिन् (mantrín)bor.\nMalay menteribor.\nPortuguese mandarimbor.\nEnglish mandarin\nFrom Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, and its source, Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), from मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix).",
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"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
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"government"
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[
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],
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},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"pedantic"
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[
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"elitist"
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},
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"ref": "1966 April 22, “The Beauty of His Malice”, in Time, archived from the original on 06 Nov 2012:",
"text": "Its sting preserved to literature a fierce peculiar genius [Waugh] who, in the 40 years before his death last week at 62, achieved recognition as the grand old mandarin of modern British prose and as a satirist whose skill at sticking pens in people rates him a roomy cell in the murderers’ row (Swift, Pope, Wilde, Shaw) of English letters.",
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"ref": "2021 June 23, Peter S. Canellos, “Why The ‘Trump Court’ Won’t Be Like Trump”, in Politico:",
"text": "When mandarins on the court pointed to obscure language in the Constitution to overturn a century of precedent and declare the income tax unconstitutional, Harlan sided with precedent[.]",
"type": "quotation"
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"ref": "2024 January 13, Boyd Tonkin, “The culture of copyright creep”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:",
"text": "When institutional mandarins such as this eminent pair set out to undermine the traditional basis for remunerating the products of the mind, you might expect a lowly scribe (such as your reviewer) to take umbrage.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"derogatory"
],
[
"pedantic",
"pedantic"
],
[
"academia",
"academia"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) A pedantic senior person of influence in academia or literary circles."
],
"tags": [
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"sometimes"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "mandarin duck"
}
],
"categories": [
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"en:Ornithology"
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of mandarin duck."
],
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"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"mandarin duck",
"mandarin duck#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) Ellipsis of mandarin duck."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"ellipsis"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A senior civil servant."
],
"links": [
[
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"civil servant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, British) A senior civil servant."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
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],
"ref": "1953, Alfred Bester, The Demolished Man:",
"text": "He lay quietly in the hydropathic bed while his heart shuddered and his eyes focused at random on objects in the room, simulating a calm he could not feel. The walls of green jade, the nightlight in the porcelain mandarin whose head nodded interminably if you touched him, the multi-clock that radiated the time of three planets and six satelittes, the bed itself, a crystal pool flowing with carbonated glycerine at ninety-nine point nine Fahrenheit.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A figurine of a Chinese person with movable head that was popular in the 1950s. (Cf. bobblehead.)"
],
"links": [
[
"bobblehead",
"bobblehead"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mandarin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/En-us-mandarin.ogg/En-us-mandarin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/En-us-mandarin.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-mandarin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/En-au-mandarin.ogg/En-au-mandarin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/En-au-mandarin.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/mæn.dəˈɹɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"UK"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandaryn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "mandarin",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мандарин"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "gun¹",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "官"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "guān",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "官"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarín"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarijn"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandareno"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandariini"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarín"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mandarin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "mandarínos",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μανδαρίνος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandareno"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandairín"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarino"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "mandarín",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мандари́н"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "menteri"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandaryn"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarim"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "mandarín",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мандари́н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "манда̀рӣн"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandàrīn"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "Chinese Imperial bureaucrat",
"word": "quan"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarín"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"word": "aurinkokuningas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandairín"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "elitist bureaucrat",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "academic or literary elitist",
"word": "aurinkokuningas"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "academic or literary elitist",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarin"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "informal: senior civil servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandarín"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "informal: senior civil servant",
"word": "hallitusherra"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "informal: senior civil servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mandairín"
}
],
"word": "mandarin"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Portuguese",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Malay",
"English terms derived from Portuguese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (think)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *man-",
"English terms derived from the Sanskrit root मन्",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Citrus subfamily plants",
"en:Ducks",
"en:Fruits",
"en:Oranges",
"sv:Fruits",
"sv:Languages"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mandarin garnet"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "pt:mandarim<id:mandarin>",
"id": "from big-boss-referent origins",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-Iranian *mántras\nSanskrit मन्त्र॑ (mántra)\nProto-Indo-Iranian *-in-\nSanskrit -इन् (-in)\nSanskrit म॒न्त्रिन् (mantrín)bor.\nMalay menteribor.\nPortuguese mandarimbor.\nEnglish mandarin",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "from big-boss-referent origins"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men- (think)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "mandarim",
"4": "mandarim, mandarij"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese mandarim, mandarij",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ms",
"3": "menteri",
"4": "menteri, manteri"
},
"expansion": "Malay menteri, manteri",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "मन्त्रिन्",
"t": "minister, councillor"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, councillor”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मन्त्र",
"3": "-इन्",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "an agent suffix",
"t1": "counsel, maxim, mantra"
},
"expansion": "मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-Iranian *mántras\nSanskrit मन्त्र॑ (mántra)\nProto-Indo-Iranian *-in-\nSanskrit -इन् (-in)\nSanskrit म॒न्त्रिन् (mantrín)bor.\nMalay menteribor.\nPortuguese mandarimbor.\nEnglish mandarin\nFrom Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, and its source, Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), from मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more mandarin",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most mandarin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mandarin (comparative more mandarin, superlative most mandarin)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"man",
"da",
"rin"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 20th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
10
]
],
"ref": "1979, John Le Carré, Smiley's People, Folio Society, published 2010, page 58:",
"text": "A mandarin impassivity had descended over Smiley's face. The earlier emotion was quite gone.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
87,
95
]
],
"ref": "1997, Henry Louis Gates Jr., “The Passing of Anatole Broyard”, in Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Black Man, New York: Random House, pages 180–181:",
"text": "[Anatole] Broyard's columns were suffused with both worldliness and high culture. Wry, mandarin, even self-amused at times, he wrote like a man about town, but one who just happened to have all of Western literature at his fingertips.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
81,
89
]
],
"ref": "2007, Marina Warner, “Doubly Damned”, in London Review of Books, 29:3, p. 26:",
"text": "Though alert to riddles' strong roots in vernacular narrative, Cook's tastes are mandarin, and she gives a loving account of Wallace Stevens's meditations on the life of poetic images and simile […].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to or reminiscent of mandarins; deliberately superior or complex; esoteric, highbrow, obscurantist."
],
"links": [
[
"esoteric",
"esoteric"
],
[
"highbrow",
"highbrow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mandarin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/En-us-mandarin.ogg/En-us-mandarin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/En-us-mandarin.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-mandarin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/En-au-mandarin.ogg/En-au-mandarin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/En-au-mandarin.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/mæn.dəˈɹɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"UK"
]
}
],
"word": "mandarin"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Citrus subfamily plants",
"en:Ducks",
"en:Fruits",
"en:Oranges",
"sv:Fruits",
"sv:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "der-en-fr-mandarine"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "mandarine"
},
"expansion": "French mandarine",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French mandarine, feminine of mandarin, probably formed as Etymology 1, above, from the yellow colour of the mandarins' costume.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandarins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "mandarin (plural mandarins)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "citrus"
},
{
"word": "fruit"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"man",
"da",
"rin"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English ellipses"
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of mandarin orange:",
"A small, sweet citrus fruit."
],
"links": [
[
"mandarin orange",
"mandarin orange#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:mandarin orange, as fruit"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English ellipses"
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of mandarin orange:",
"A tree of the species Citrus reticulata."
],
"links": [
[
"mandarin orange",
"mandarin orange#English"
],
[
"Citrus reticulata",
"Citrus reticulata#Translingual"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:mandarin orange, as tree"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An orange colour."
],
"senseid": [
"en:mandarin orange, as colour"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-mandarin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/En-us-mandarin.ogg/En-us-mandarin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/En-us-mandarin.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-mandarin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/En-au-mandarin.ogg/En-au-mandarin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/En-au-mandarin.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/mæn.dəˈɹɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"UK"
]
}
],
"word": "mandarin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mandarin meaning in English (23.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.