"mandarinism" meaning in English

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        "2": "mandarin",
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      "expansion": "mandarin + -ism",
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  "etymology_text": "From mandarin + -ism.",
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      "form": "mandarinisms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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        {
          "ref": "1853, Francis Lieber, On Civil Liberty and Self-government:",
          "text": "It seems to me that it is these very governments of centralized mandarinism that play at providence, in which they closely resemble the communists, as indeed all absolutism contains a strong element of communism.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A government of mandarins; character or spirit of the mandarins."
      ],
      "id": "en-mandarinism-en-noun-5J~4Pf2I",
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          "government",
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        [
          "mandarin",
          "mandarin"
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      "tags": [
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        "uncountable"
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    }
  ],
  "word": "mandarinism"
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{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mandarin",
        "3": "ism"
      },
      "expansion": "mandarin + -ism",
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From mandarin + -ism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mandarinisms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "mandarinism (countable and uncountable, plural mandarinisms)",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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          "ref": "1853, Francis Lieber, On Civil Liberty and Self-government:",
          "text": "It seems to me that it is these very governments of centralized mandarinism that play at providence, in which they closely resemble the communists, as indeed all absolutism contains a strong element of communism.",
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        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A government of mandarins; character or spirit of the mandarins."
      ],
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