See closure in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for closure meaning in English (24.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "algebraic closure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Clojure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "closure operator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "closure space"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "closure temperature"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "deductive closure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harp closure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kangaroo closure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Kleene closure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "transitive closure"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "closure"
},
"expansion": "Middle English closure",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "closure"
},
"expansion": "Old French closure",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "clausura"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin clausura",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "claudere",
"4": "",
"5": "to close"
},
"expansion": "Latin claudere (“to close”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clausure",
"3": "cloture",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "clausure and cloture",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English closure, from Old French closure, from Late Latin clausura, from Latin claudere (“to close”); see clausure and cloture (etymological doublets) and close.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "closures",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "closure (countable and uncountable, plural closures)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "function closure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "lexical closure"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cloture"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An event or occurrence that signifies an ending."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-RAtqaLwr",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zakrivane",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "закриване"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "uzavření"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uzavírka"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "beëindiging"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "afsluiting"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "sluiting"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "sulkeminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "lopettaminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schließung"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiusura"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "termine"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "samāpanaṁ",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "സമാപനം"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "aṭaccupūṭṭal",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "അടച്ചുപൂട്ടൽ"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "banda"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "encerramento"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fecho"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "término"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "închidere"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okončánije",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "оконча́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakrýtije",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "закры́тие"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dùnadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conclusión"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avslutning"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 11 2 5 5 5 2 1 3 2 18 7 4 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avrundning"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A feeling of completeness; the experience of an emotional conclusion, usually to a difficult period."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-g5~Gad-3",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 68 1 5 4 4 2 1 2 1 2 4 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"word": "ratkaisu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 68 1 5 4 4 2 1 2 1 2 4 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abschluss"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 68 1 5 4 4 2 1 2 1 2 4 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "término"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 68 1 5 4 4 2 1 2 1 2 4 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "final"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 68 1 5 4 4 2 1 2 1 2 4 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desfecho"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 68 1 5 4 4 2 1 2 1 2 4 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A device to facilitate temporary and repeatable opening and closing."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "device",
"word": "clasp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "device",
"word": "hasp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "device",
"word": "latch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "device",
"word": "hook and eye"
}
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-AoqDx~J~",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "suljin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "sulkija"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schloss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Verschluss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "aṭappŭ",
"sense": "device",
"word": "അടപ്പ്"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "en:Programming",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abstraction that represents a function within an environment, a context consisting of the variables that are both bound at a particular time during the execution of the program and that are within the function's scope."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-en:programming",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
],
[
"environment",
"environment"
],
[
"bound",
"bound variable"
],
[
"scope",
"scope"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) An abstraction that represents a function within an environment, a context consisting of the variables that are both bound at a particular time during the execution of the program and that are within the function's scope."
],
"senseid": [
"en:programming"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "閉包"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìbāo",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "闭包"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "sulkeuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "fermeture"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "Closure"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Funktionsabschluss"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lokun"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiusura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"alt": "かんすうへいほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kansū-heihō",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "関数閉包"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kurōja",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "クロージャ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "بستار"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "بستماندیک"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 38 8 10 3 2 6 3 6 4 4 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerradura"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The smallest set that both includes a given subset and possesses some given property."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-gYT8XGQs",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"smallest",
"smallest"
],
[
"set",
"set"
],
[
"subset",
"subset"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) The smallest set that both includes a given subset and possesses some given property."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Topology",
"orig": "en:Topology",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 8 13 6 21 1 5 4 5 5 12 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1955 [Van Nostrand Reinhold], John L. Kelley, General Topology, 2017, Dover, page 42, The closure (𝔗-closure) of a subset A of a topological space (X,𝔗) is the intersection of the members of the family of all closed sets containing A. […]",
"text": "7 THEOREM The closure of any set is the union of the set and the set of its accumulation points."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The smallest closed set which contains the given set."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-2dxtD1Gg",
"links": [
[
"topology",
"topology"
],
[
"closed set",
"closed set"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(topology, of a set) The smallest closed set which contains the given set."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a set",
"of a set"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"topology"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the closure of a door, or of a chink",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of shutting; a closing."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-GNoOlX3H",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 2 2 67 14 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schließen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 2 2 67 14 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 2 2 67 14 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 2 2 67 14 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conclusión"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 2 2 67 14 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "terminación"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 2 2 67 14 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cese"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 2 2 67 14 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "término"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The closure of Hammersmith Bridge means road traffic has to use Chiswick and Putney Bridges instead.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1960 December, B. Perren, “The role of the Great Central—present and future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 765",
"text": "Those who have advocated the closure of the G.C. have so far failed to say by which alternative route this North-to-West traffic could be carried.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 20, Paul Stephen, “Leisure and pleasure on the Far North Line”, in RAIL, number 942, page 48",
"text": "Despite the line proving to be a useful strategic route for men and supplies to the British naval fleets stationed at Scapa Flow in both world wars, the Duke's legacy looked to have passed into history when it was listed for closure in the infamous Beeching report.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of shutting or closing something permanently or temporarily."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-g1NwnZFp",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1729 November 28, Alexander Pope, Letter to Jonathan Swift, 1824, The Works of Jonathan Swift: Containing Additional Letters, Volume 17, 2nd Edition, page 284,\nI admire on this consideration your sending your last to me quite open, without a seal, wafer, or any closure whatever, manifesting the utter openness of the writer."
}
],
"glosses": [
"That which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-AQT3KvZa",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 3 2 4 1 1 78 1 1 2 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Verschluss"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 3 2 4 1 1 78 1 1 2 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verschließung"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"That which encloses or confines; an enclosure."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-vQuAfap7",
"links": [
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"confine",
"confine"
],
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) That which encloses or confines; an enclosure."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Politics",
"orig": "en:Politics",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A method of ending a parliamentary debate and securing an immediate vote upon a measure before a legislative body."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-bVnKhUmW",
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"parliamentary",
"parliamentary"
],
[
"debate",
"debate"
],
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"legislative",
"legislative"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics) A method of ending a parliamentary debate and securing an immediate vote upon a measure before a legislative body."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sociology",
"orig": "en:Sociology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The phenomenon by which a group maintains its resources by the exclusion of others from their group based on varied criteria. ᵂᵖ"
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-BynXOOjG",
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"phenomenon",
"phenomenon"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"resource",
"resource"
],
[
"exclusion",
"exclusion"
],
[
"criteria",
"criteria"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology) The phenomenon by which a group maintains its resources by the exclusion of others from their group based on varied criteria. ᵂᵖ"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Randy Duncan, Matthew J. Smith, The Power of Comics: History, Form and Culture, page 166",
"text": "The comic book reader performs closure within each panel, between panels, and among panels.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process whereby the reader of a comic book infers the sequence of events by looking at the picture panels."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-f~10OU~r",
"links": [
[
"reader",
"reader"
],
[
"comic book",
"comic book"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The element of packaging that closes a container."
],
"id": "en-closure-en-noun-en:element_of_packaging_such_as_cap_or_lid",
"links": [
[
"packaging",
"packaging#Noun"
],
[
"container",
"container"
]
],
"qualifier": "food packaging industry",
"raw_glosses": [
"(food packaging industry) The element of packaging that closes a container."
],
"senseid": [
"en:element of packaging such as cap or lid"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkloʊ.ʒɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləʉ.ʒə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(UK) -əʊʒə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-closure.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/En-us-closure.ogg/En-us-closure.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/En-us-closure.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "klō'zhər",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obvivka",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обвивка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "閉包"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìbāo",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "闭包"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uzávěr"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "afslutning"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "fermeture"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hülle"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "lezárt"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lokun"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "iamh an tacair"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiusura"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"alt": "へいほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "heihō",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "閉包"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"alt": "へいほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "heihō",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "閉苞"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "domknięcie"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fechamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "închidere"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 8 32 34 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hölje"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 6 33 38 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lokaður hjúpur"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 6 33 38 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 6 33 38 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adherencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 6 33 38 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerradura"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 6 33 38 3 2 3 0 2 3 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
}
],
"troponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"science",
"sciences",
"computer",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "thunk"
}
],
"word": "closure"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/əʊʒə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/əʊʒə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "algebraic closure"
},
{
"word": "Clojure"
},
{
"word": "closure operator"
},
{
"word": "closure space"
},
{
"word": "closure temperature"
},
{
"word": "deductive closure"
},
{
"word": "harp closure"
},
{
"word": "kangaroo closure"
},
{
"word": "Kleene closure"
},
{
"word": "transitive closure"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "closure"
},
"expansion": "Middle English closure",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "closure"
},
"expansion": "Old French closure",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "clausura"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin clausura",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "claudere",
"4": "",
"5": "to close"
},
"expansion": "Latin claudere (“to close”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clausure",
"3": "cloture",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "clausure and cloture",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English closure, from Old French closure, from Late Latin clausura, from Latin claudere (“to close”); see clausure and cloture (etymological doublets) and close.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "closures",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "closure (countable and uncountable, plural closures)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "function closure"
},
{
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "lexical closure"
},
{
"sense": "device",
"word": "clasp"
},
{
"sense": "device",
"word": "hasp"
},
{
"sense": "device",
"word": "latch"
},
{
"sense": "device",
"word": "hook and eye"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cloture"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An event or occurrence that signifies an ending."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A feeling of completeness; the experience of an emotional conclusion, usually to a difficult period."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A device to facilitate temporary and repeatable opening and closing."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Programming"
],
"glosses": [
"An abstraction that represents a function within an environment, a context consisting of the variables that are both bound at a particular time during the execution of the program and that are within the function's scope."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
],
[
"environment",
"environment"
],
[
"bound",
"bound variable"
],
[
"scope",
"scope"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) An abstraction that represents a function within an environment, a context consisting of the variables that are both bound at a particular time during the execution of the program and that are within the function's scope."
],
"senseid": [
"en:programming"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"The smallest set that both includes a given subset and possesses some given property."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"smallest",
"smallest"
],
[
"set",
"set"
],
[
"subset",
"subset"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) The smallest set that both includes a given subset and possesses some given property."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Topology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1955 [Van Nostrand Reinhold], John L. Kelley, General Topology, 2017, Dover, page 42, The closure (𝔗-closure) of a subset A of a topological space (X,𝔗) is the intersection of the members of the family of all closed sets containing A. […]",
"text": "7 THEOREM The closure of any set is the union of the set and the set of its accumulation points."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The smallest closed set which contains the given set."
],
"links": [
[
"topology",
"topology"
],
[
"closed set",
"closed set"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(topology, of a set) The smallest closed set which contains the given set."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a set",
"of a set"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"topology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the closure of a door, or of a chink",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of shutting; a closing."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The closure of Hammersmith Bridge means road traffic has to use Chiswick and Putney Bridges instead.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1960 December, B. Perren, “The role of the Great Central—present and future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 765",
"text": "Those who have advocated the closure of the G.C. have so far failed to say by which alternative route this North-to-West traffic could be carried.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 20, Paul Stephen, “Leisure and pleasure on the Far North Line”, in RAIL, number 942, page 48",
"text": "Despite the line proving to be a useful strategic route for men and supplies to the British naval fleets stationed at Scapa Flow in both world wars, the Duke's legacy looked to have passed into history when it was listed for closure in the infamous Beeching report.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of shutting or closing something permanently or temporarily."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1729 November 28, Alexander Pope, Letter to Jonathan Swift, 1824, The Works of Jonathan Swift: Containing Additional Letters, Volume 17, 2nd Edition, page 284,\nI admire on this consideration your sending your last to me quite open, without a seal, wafer, or any closure whatever, manifesting the utter openness of the writer."
}
],
"glosses": [
"That which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"That which encloses or confines; an enclosure."
],
"links": [
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"confine",
"confine"
],
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) That which encloses or confines; an enclosure."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Politics"
],
"glosses": [
"A method of ending a parliamentary debate and securing an immediate vote upon a measure before a legislative body."
],
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"parliamentary",
"parliamentary"
],
[
"debate",
"debate"
],
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"legislative",
"legislative"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics) A method of ending a parliamentary debate and securing an immediate vote upon a measure before a legislative body."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Sociology"
],
"glosses": [
"The phenomenon by which a group maintains its resources by the exclusion of others from their group based on varied criteria. ᵂᵖ"
],
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"phenomenon",
"phenomenon"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"resource",
"resource"
],
[
"exclusion",
"exclusion"
],
[
"criteria",
"criteria"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology) The phenomenon by which a group maintains its resources by the exclusion of others from their group based on varied criteria. ᵂᵖ"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Randy Duncan, Matthew J. Smith, The Power of Comics: History, Form and Culture, page 166",
"text": "The comic book reader performs closure within each panel, between panels, and among panels.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process whereby the reader of a comic book infers the sequence of events by looking at the picture panels."
],
"links": [
[
"reader",
"reader"
],
[
"comic book",
"comic book"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments"
],
"glosses": [
"The element of packaging that closes a container."
],
"links": [
[
"packaging",
"packaging#Noun"
],
[
"container",
"container"
]
],
"qualifier": "food packaging industry",
"raw_glosses": [
"(food packaging industry) The element of packaging that closes a container."
],
"senseid": [
"en:element of packaging such as cap or lid"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkloʊ.ʒɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləʉ.ʒə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(UK) -əʊʒə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-closure.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/En-us-closure.ogg/En-us-closure.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/En-us-closure.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "klō'zhər",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zakrivane",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "закриване"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "uzavření"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uzavírka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "beëindiging"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "afsluiting"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "sluiting"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "sulkeminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "lopettaminen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schließung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiusura"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "termine"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "samāpanaṁ",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "സമാപനം"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "aṭaccupūṭṭal",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "അടച്ചുപൂട്ടൽ"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "banda"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "encerramento"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fecho"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "término"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "închidere"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okončánije",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "оконча́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakrýtije",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"word": "закры́тие"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dùnadh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conclusión"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avslutning"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "event signifying an ending",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avrundning"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"word": "ratkaisu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abschluss"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "término"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "final"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desfecho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feeling of completeness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "suljin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "sulkija"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schloss"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Verschluss"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "aṭappŭ",
"sense": "device",
"word": "അടപ്പ്"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "閉包"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìbāo",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "闭包"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "sulkeuma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "fermeture"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "Closure"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Funktionsabschluss"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lokun"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiusura"
},
{
"alt": "かんすうへいほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kansū-heihō",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "関数閉包"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kurōja",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "クロージャ"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "بستار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "computing",
"word": "بستماندیک"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "computing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerradura"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obvivka",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обвивка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "閉包"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìbāo",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "闭包"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uzávěr"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "afslutning"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "fermeture"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hülle"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "lezárt"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lokun"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "iamh an tacair"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiusura"
},
{
"alt": "へいほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "heihō",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "閉包"
},
{
"alt": "へいほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "heihō",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"word": "閉苞"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "domknięcie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fechamento"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "închidere"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mathematical set",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hölje"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lokaður hjúpur"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adherencia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerradura"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "topological set",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schließen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausura"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conclusión"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "terminación"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cese"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of shutting; a closing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "término"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Verschluss"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verschließung"
}
],
"troponyms": [
{
"topics": [
"science",
"sciences",
"computer",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "thunk"
}
],
"word": "closure"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.