See brazen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for brazen meaning in English (32.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brazen age"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brazen bull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brazenface"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brazen-faced"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brazen sea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brazenly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brazenness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "brasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English brasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bræsen",
"t": "brazen, of brass"
},
"expansion": "Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brass",
"3": "en",
"id2": "made of"
},
"expansion": "brass + -en",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "golden"
},
"expansion": "golden",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brazen it out",
"t": "face impudently"
},
"expansion": "brazen it out (“face impudently”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bold as brass"
},
"expansion": "bold as brass",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English brasen, from Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”); equivalent to brass + -en (compare golden).\nThe word originally meant “of brass”; the figurative verb sense (as in brazen it out (“face impudently”)) dates from the 1550s (perhaps evoking the sense “face like brass, unmoving and not showing shame”), and the adjective sense “impudent” from the 1570s. Compare bold as brass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more brazen",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most brazen",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "brazen (comparative more brazen, superlative most brazen)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"braz‧en"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "effrontery"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"_dis": "27 22 10 11 5 24",
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{
"_dis": "41 15 13 11 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (made of)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, London: Printed for S. Hooper […], OCLC 745209064; republished as Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, volume II, new [2nd] edition with material additions and improvements, London: Printed for T[homas] Egerton, […]; & G. Kearsley, […], 1801, OCLC 435979550, page 262",
"text": "Brazen or rather copper swords seem to have been next introduced; these in process of time, workmen learned to harden by the addition of some other metal or mineral, which rendered them almost equal in temper to iron."
},
{
"ref": "1836, [Harvey Newcomb], The Brazen Serpent: Being a Simple Illustration of Faith Drawn from Scripture History. […], Philadelphia, Pa.: American Sunday-School Union, […], →OCLC, pages 40–41",
"text": "And Moses made a brass image of the fiery serpents, and put it up on a pole, where all the people could see it; and when any one was bitten, he could look upon the brazen serpent, and was cured.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1859 May 2, X. X. X. [pseudonym], “Looking at Lodgings”, in The Ragged School Union Magazine, volume IX, London: Ragged School Union, […]; Partridge & Co., […], →OCLC, page 91",
"text": "The women, stout, strong, brazen-faced creatures, in most cases looked able to thrash any of the partners with whom they consorted.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1952, Norman Lewis, Golden Earth",
"text": "Through the brazen hours that followed high noon, we crept onwards through a tunnel of glittering verdure.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass (in color or strength)."
],
"id": "en-brazen-en-adj-VkBQ6Y-x",
"links": [
[
"brass",
"brass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass (in color or strength)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "meden",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "меден"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bronzov",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "бронзов"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "mosazný"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "koperachtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "messinkinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "cuivreux"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "messingen"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "aus Messing"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "Messing-"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khálkeos",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "χάλκεος"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "ottone"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "ottonato"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mesingan",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "месинган"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "āhua parāhe"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "mosiężny"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "latunnyj",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "латунный"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 18 6 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "latunnyj",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "латунний"
}
]
},
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{
"_dis": "27 22 10 11 5 24",
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{
"_dis": "2 40 2 37 0 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil; John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse; […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 839376905; republished as The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse by Mr. Dryden. In Three Volumes, volume III, 5th edition, London: Printed by Jacob Tonson […], 1721, OCLC 181805247, book IX, page 822, lines 667–670",
"text": "And now the Trumpets terribly from far, / With rattling Clangor, rouze the sleepy War. / The Souldiers Shouts succeed the Brazen Sounds, / And Heav'n, from Pole to Pole, the Noise rebounds."
},
{
"ref": "2001, R[alph] N[ixon] Currey, “The Horn”, in Collected Poems, Oxford: James Currey; Cape Town: David Philip Publishers, page 246",
"text": "Often a traveller, when the air is quiet, / Will make the night reverberate with this riot / Of brazen sounds, whose singing cadence swells / The harmony of bleating and lambs' bells.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sounding harsh and loud, like brass cymbals or brass instruments."
],
"id": "en-brazen-en-adj-Ye6B0jQ3",
"links": [
[
"cymbals",
"cymbal"
],
[
"brass instrument",
"brass instrument"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "schel"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "metallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "aigu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "metallisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "metallen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "blechern"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 86 4 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "squillante"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "27 22 10 11 5 24",
"kind": "other",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1870, The Sunday at Home: A Family Magazine for Sabbath Reading, volume XVII, London: Religious Tract Society, →OCLC, page 587",
"text": "The giant [Goliath] was thus conquered by the youth [David]; the man-at-arms by the unarmed; the stone of the shepherd pierced the brazen defences of the warrior.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Bertolt Brecht, “Frank Wedekind”, in Marc Silberman, Steve Giles, Tom Kuhn, editors, Brecht on Theatre, 3rd rev. and updated edition, London, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury Methuen Drama, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 19",
"text": "In the autumn, when a small group of us heard him [Frank Wedekind] read from Heracles, his last work, I was amazed at his brazen energy. For two and a half hours without stopping, without once lowering his voice (and what a strong, brazen voice it was), barely pausing for breath for even a moment between acts, bent motionless over the table, he read – half from memory – those verses wrought in brass, looking deep into the eyes of each of his listeners in turn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Extremely strong; impenetrable; resolute."
],
"id": "en-brazen-en-adj-6DaDfJNx",
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"impenetrable",
"impenetrable"
],
[
"resolute",
"resolute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Extremely strong; impenetrable; resolute."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "keihard"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "ondoordringbaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "rautainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "dur comme de la pierre"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "impénétrable"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "ehern"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "widerstandsfähig"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "undurchdringlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 86 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "stark"
}
]
},
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"kind": "topical",
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"orig": "en:Personality",
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She was brazen enough to deny stealing the handbag even though she was caught on closed-circuit television doing so.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Karla Hocker, A Deceitful Heart (Zebra Regency Romance), New York, N.Y.: Zebra Books, Kensington Books",
"text": "He looked at her for a long moment. Slowly, a smile lit in his eyes. \"Never a shrew. A fighter and a brazen hussy.\" / Placing a finger beneath her chin, he tilted her face up. \"And, I'd say, you're the only brazen hussy who blushes.\" / A brazen hussy. She should be offended. But the smile in his eyes, the touch of his finger moving slowly and feather-light from chin to throat and along the sensitive skin of her neck made it impossible to concentrate on rebuke.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Michelle West, Skirmish: A House War Novel (DAW Books Collectors; no. 1571), New York, N.Y.: DAW Books",
"text": "If one had to lie at all, the brazen lie was better because brazen lies were so outrageous many people failed to question them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 18:25 from the start, in The Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?, archived from the original on 2022-11-03",
"text": "This brazen action further helps convince Kurita that the Johnston is actually a cruiser, since, obviously, no mere destroyer would dare risk this kind of charge, nor achieve this kind of damage!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Shamelessly shocking and offensive; audacious; impudent; barefaced; immodest, unblushing."
],
"id": "en-brazen-en-adj-oR4rtrQf",
"links": [
[
"Shamelessly",
"shamelessly"
],
[
"shocking",
"shocking"
],
[
"offensive",
"offensive"
],
[
"audacious",
"audacious"
],
[
"impudent",
"impudent"
],
[
"barefaced",
"barefaced"
],
[
"immodest",
"immodest"
],
[
"unblushing",
"unblushing"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lirb",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "լիրբ"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezsramen",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "безсрамен"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bagag nawong"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bezostyšný"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "nestydatý"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "nestoudný"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "grof"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "brutaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "schaamteloos"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "julkea"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "röyhkeä"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "éhonté"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "grossier"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "descarado"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "descarada"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "insolente"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "dreist"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "schamlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "frech"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "unverschämt"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "unverfroren"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "dalba"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "faccia di bronzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "sfacciato"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "sfrontato"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "protervus"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "whakatoatoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "whakametometo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "frekk"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "frekk"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "onveschämt"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bezczelny"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "arogancki"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bezwstydny"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "hucpiarski"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "impertynencki"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "rozpanoszony"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "rozzuchwalony"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "tupeciarski"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "zuchwały"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "descarado"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besstýžij",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "бессты́жий"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "náglyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "на́глый"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bessóvestnyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "бессо́вестный"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dérzkij",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "де́рзкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "descarado"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "fräck"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "makapal ang mukha"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezsorómnyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "безсоро́мний"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "naxabnyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нахабний"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 14 5 72",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zuxvalyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зухвалий"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪzən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪzən"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-brazen.opus",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg/En-us-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg/En-au-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "brāzʹn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brasen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ashanti Region",
"Ashantiland",
"brazen"
],
"word": "brazen"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brazen it out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brazen out"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "brasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English brasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bræsen",
"t": "brazen, of brass"
},
"expansion": "Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brass",
"3": "en",
"id2": "made of"
},
"expansion": "brass + -en",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "golden"
},
"expansion": "golden",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brazen it out",
"t": "face impudently"
},
"expansion": "brazen it out (“face impudently”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bold as brass"
},
"expansion": "bold as brass",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English brasen, from Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”); equivalent to brass + -en (compare golden).\nThe word originally meant “of brass”; the figurative verb sense (as in brazen it out (“face impudently”)) dates from the 1550s (perhaps evoking the sense “face like brass, unmoving and not showing shame”), and the adjective sense “impudent” from the 1570s. Compare bold as brass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brazens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brazening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brazened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brazened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "brazen (third-person singular simple present brazens, present participle brazening, simple past and past participle brazened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"braz‧en"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986, Quarterly Journal of Ideology: QJI, volume 10, [Tahlequah, Okla.]: QJI Editorial Board, →ISSN, page 93",
"text": "[...] the meadows roughen, grow gutteral / with goldenrod, milkweed's late-summer lilac, / cat-tails, the wild lily brazening, / dooryards overflowing in late, rough-headed bloom: [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn a brass color."
],
"id": "en-brazen-en-verb-jZqy7Ivm",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To turn a brass color."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 22 10 11 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English adjectives ending in -en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 12 11 1 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 20 24 14 1 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 18 22 1 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 18 20 16 3 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Alloys",
"orig": "en:Alloys",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 40 2 37 0 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1656, John Trapp, “A Commentary or Exposition upon the Gospel According to St. Matthew”, in A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the New Testament. […], 2nd enlarged edition, London: Printed by R. W. and are to be sold by Nath. Ekins, […], →OCLC, page 274",
"text": "And though the word doth eat up all they can ſay, as Moſes rod did: yet they harden their hearts with Pharaoh, they brazen their brows with him in the text, that ſaid I will not: Nay ſaid the Iſraelites, but we will have a King. [Commentary on Matthew 21:29.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1832 November, “Noctes Ambrosianæ. No. LXIV.”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume XXXII, number CCI, Edinburgh: William Blackwood, […]; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 870",
"text": "His impudence is only less than his ignorance, in referring his questioner to [John] Milton, in proof of the scriptural angels being celestial women. That gentleman mildly remarks, \"Milton's angels are not Ladies.\" Instead of blushing, he brazens it out, and replies, \"No—but some scriptural angels are Ladies—I believe\"—shewing that he is as ignorant of his Bible as of Milton.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1949, Robert Graves, “Modernist Poetry (with Laura Riding, 1926)”, in The Common Asphodel, Collected Essays on Poetry, 1922–1949, London: Hamish Hamilton, →OCLC, page 151",
"text": "[T]he historically minded modernist poet is uncertain whether there is any excuse at all for the existence of poets. He brazens out the dilemma by making cruel jokes at his own expense—jokes which he expects no one to see or to laugh at if seen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Jennifer Brice, “Blue Storm”, in Unlearning to Fly, Lincoln, Neb.: University of Nebraska Press, page 169",
"text": "[...] I've come to rely on a mental technique that I call powering through. [...] It's equivalent to brazening out an awkward social situation—accidentally squeezing the butt of a stranger wearing the same costume as your boyfriend at a Halloween party, say. Powering through or brazening out is almost always what I end up doing, but only after stifling my initial impulse to surrender or sink through the floor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Charles W. Sasser, God in the Foxhole: Inspiring True Stories of Miracles on the Battlefield, New York, N.Y.: Threshold Editions, Simon & Schuster",
"text": "The drivers of the 507s Lost Convoy knew they were in a world of deep fecal matter. Could they brazen a path through the city once more and pick up Route Blue on the other side? Or would this morning's chain of unfortunate events finally catch up with them?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Generally followed by out or through: to carry through in a brazen manner; to act boldly despite embarrassment, risk, etc."
],
"id": "en-brazen-en-verb-FfPEj6e6",
"links": [
[
"out",
"out#English"
],
[
"through",
"through#English"
],
[
"boldly",
"boldly"
],
[
"embarrassment",
"embarrassment"
],
[
"risk",
"risk#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) Generally followed by out or through: to carry through in a brazen manner; to act boldly despite embarrassment, risk, etc."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "sich durchsetzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "poltern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "mutig durchstehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "großspurig handeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "ignorare sfacciatamente"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪzən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪzən"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-brazen.opus",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg/En-us-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg/En-au-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "brāzʹn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brasen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ashanti Region",
"Ashantiland",
"brazen"
],
"word": "brazen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -en (made of)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪzən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪzən/2 syllables",
"en:Alloys",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brazen age"
},
{
"word": "brazen bull"
},
{
"word": "brazenface"
},
{
"word": "brazen-faced"
},
{
"word": "brazen sea"
},
{
"word": "brazenly"
},
{
"word": "brazenness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "brasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English brasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bræsen",
"t": "brazen, of brass"
},
"expansion": "Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brass",
"3": "en",
"id2": "made of"
},
"expansion": "brass + -en",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "golden"
},
"expansion": "golden",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brazen it out",
"t": "face impudently"
},
"expansion": "brazen it out (“face impudently”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bold as brass"
},
"expansion": "bold as brass",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English brasen, from Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”); equivalent to brass + -en (compare golden).\nThe word originally meant “of brass”; the figurative verb sense (as in brazen it out (“face impudently”)) dates from the 1550s (perhaps evoking the sense “face like brass, unmoving and not showing shame”), and the adjective sense “impudent” from the 1570s. Compare bold as brass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more brazen",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most brazen",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "brazen (comparative more brazen, superlative most brazen)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"braz‧en"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "effrontery"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, London: Printed for S. Hooper […], OCLC 745209064; republished as Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, volume II, new [2nd] edition with material additions and improvements, London: Printed for T[homas] Egerton, […]; & G. Kearsley, […], 1801, OCLC 435979550, page 262",
"text": "Brazen or rather copper swords seem to have been next introduced; these in process of time, workmen learned to harden by the addition of some other metal or mineral, which rendered them almost equal in temper to iron."
},
{
"ref": "1836, [Harvey Newcomb], The Brazen Serpent: Being a Simple Illustration of Faith Drawn from Scripture History. […], Philadelphia, Pa.: American Sunday-School Union, […], →OCLC, pages 40–41",
"text": "And Moses made a brass image of the fiery serpents, and put it up on a pole, where all the people could see it; and when any one was bitten, he could look upon the brazen serpent, and was cured.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1859 May 2, X. X. X. [pseudonym], “Looking at Lodgings”, in The Ragged School Union Magazine, volume IX, London: Ragged School Union, […]; Partridge & Co., […], →OCLC, page 91",
"text": "The women, stout, strong, brazen-faced creatures, in most cases looked able to thrash any of the partners with whom they consorted.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1952, Norman Lewis, Golden Earth",
"text": "Through the brazen hours that followed high noon, we crept onwards through a tunnel of glittering verdure.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass (in color or strength)."
],
"links": [
[
"brass",
"brass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass (in color or strength)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil; John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse; […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 839376905; republished as The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse by Mr. Dryden. In Three Volumes, volume III, 5th edition, London: Printed by Jacob Tonson […], 1721, OCLC 181805247, book IX, page 822, lines 667–670",
"text": "And now the Trumpets terribly from far, / With rattling Clangor, rouze the sleepy War. / The Souldiers Shouts succeed the Brazen Sounds, / And Heav'n, from Pole to Pole, the Noise rebounds."
},
{
"ref": "2001, R[alph] N[ixon] Currey, “The Horn”, in Collected Poems, Oxford: James Currey; Cape Town: David Philip Publishers, page 246",
"text": "Often a traveller, when the air is quiet, / Will make the night reverberate with this riot / Of brazen sounds, whose singing cadence swells / The harmony of bleating and lambs' bells.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sounding harsh and loud, like brass cymbals or brass instruments."
],
"links": [
[
"cymbals",
"cymbal"
],
[
"brass instrument",
"brass instrument"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1870, The Sunday at Home: A Family Magazine for Sabbath Reading, volume XVII, London: Religious Tract Society, →OCLC, page 587",
"text": "The giant [Goliath] was thus conquered by the youth [David]; the man-at-arms by the unarmed; the stone of the shepherd pierced the brazen defences of the warrior.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Bertolt Brecht, “Frank Wedekind”, in Marc Silberman, Steve Giles, Tom Kuhn, editors, Brecht on Theatre, 3rd rev. and updated edition, London, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury Methuen Drama, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 19",
"text": "In the autumn, when a small group of us heard him [Frank Wedekind] read from Heracles, his last work, I was amazed at his brazen energy. For two and a half hours without stopping, without once lowering his voice (and what a strong, brazen voice it was), barely pausing for breath for even a moment between acts, bent motionless over the table, he read – half from memory – those verses wrought in brass, looking deep into the eyes of each of his listeners in turn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Extremely strong; impenetrable; resolute."
],
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"impenetrable",
"impenetrable"
],
[
"resolute",
"resolute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Extremely strong; impenetrable; resolute."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She was brazen enough to deny stealing the handbag even though she was caught on closed-circuit television doing so.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Karla Hocker, A Deceitful Heart (Zebra Regency Romance), New York, N.Y.: Zebra Books, Kensington Books",
"text": "He looked at her for a long moment. Slowly, a smile lit in his eyes. \"Never a shrew. A fighter and a brazen hussy.\" / Placing a finger beneath her chin, he tilted her face up. \"And, I'd say, you're the only brazen hussy who blushes.\" / A brazen hussy. She should be offended. But the smile in his eyes, the touch of his finger moving slowly and feather-light from chin to throat and along the sensitive skin of her neck made it impossible to concentrate on rebuke.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Michelle West, Skirmish: A House War Novel (DAW Books Collectors; no. 1571), New York, N.Y.: DAW Books",
"text": "If one had to lie at all, the brazen lie was better because brazen lies were so outrageous many people failed to question them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 18:25 from the start, in The Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?, archived from the original on 2022-11-03",
"text": "This brazen action further helps convince Kurita that the Johnston is actually a cruiser, since, obviously, no mere destroyer would dare risk this kind of charge, nor achieve this kind of damage!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Shamelessly shocking and offensive; audacious; impudent; barefaced; immodest, unblushing."
],
"links": [
[
"Shamelessly",
"shamelessly"
],
[
"shocking",
"shocking"
],
[
"offensive",
"offensive"
],
[
"audacious",
"audacious"
],
[
"impudent",
"impudent"
],
[
"barefaced",
"barefaced"
],
[
"immodest",
"immodest"
],
[
"unblushing",
"unblushing"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪzən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪzən"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-brazen.opus",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg/En-us-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg/En-au-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "brāzʹn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brasen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "meden",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "меден"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bronzov",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "бронзов"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "mosazný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "koperachtig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "messinkinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "cuivreux"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "messingen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "aus Messing"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "Messing-"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khálkeos",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "χάλκεος"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "ottone"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "ottonato"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mesingan",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "месинган"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "āhua parāhe"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "mosiężny"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "latunnyj",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"word": "латунный"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "latunnyj",
"sense": "pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "латунний"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "schel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "metallinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "aigu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "metallisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "metallen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "blechern"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sounding harsh and loud",
"word": "squillante"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "keihard"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "ondoordringbaar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "rautainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "dur comme de la pierre"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "impénétrable"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "ehern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "widerstandsfähig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "undurchdringlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely strong",
"word": "stark"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lirb",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "լիրբ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezsramen",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "безсрамен"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bagag nawong"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bezostyšný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "nestydatý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "nestoudný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "grof"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "brutaal"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "schaamteloos"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "julkea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "röyhkeä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "éhonté"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "grossier"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "descarado"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "descarada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "insolente"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "dreist"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "schamlos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "frech"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "unverschämt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "unverfroren"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "dalba"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "faccia di bronzo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "sfacciato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "sfrontato"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "protervus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "whakatoatoa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "whakametometo"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "frekk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "frekk"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "onveschämt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bezczelny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "arogancki"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "bezwstydny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "hucpiarski"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "impertynencki"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "rozpanoszony"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "rozzuchwalony"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "tupeciarski"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "zuchwały"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "descarado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besstýžij",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "бессты́жий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "náglyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "на́глый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bessóvestnyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "бессо́вестный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dérzkij",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "де́рзкий"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "descarado"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "fräck"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "makapal ang mukha"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezsorómnyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"word": "безсоро́мний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "naxabnyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нахабний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zuxvalyj",
"sense": "impudent, immodest, or shameless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зухвалий"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ashanti Region",
"Ashantiland",
"brazen"
],
"word": "brazen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -en (made of)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪzən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪzən/2 syllables",
"en:Alloys",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brazen it out"
},
{
"word": "brazen out"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "brasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English brasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bræsen",
"t": "brazen, of brass"
},
"expansion": "Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brass",
"3": "en",
"id2": "made of"
},
"expansion": "brass + -en",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "golden"
},
"expansion": "golden",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brazen it out",
"t": "face impudently"
},
"expansion": "brazen it out (“face impudently”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bold as brass"
},
"expansion": "bold as brass",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English brasen, from Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”); equivalent to brass + -en (compare golden).\nThe word originally meant “of brass”; the figurative verb sense (as in brazen it out (“face impudently”)) dates from the 1550s (perhaps evoking the sense “face like brass, unmoving and not showing shame”), and the adjective sense “impudent” from the 1570s. Compare bold as brass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brazens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brazening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brazened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brazened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "brazen (third-person singular simple present brazens, present participle brazening, simple past and past participle brazened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"braz‧en"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986, Quarterly Journal of Ideology: QJI, volume 10, [Tahlequah, Okla.]: QJI Editorial Board, →ISSN, page 93",
"text": "[...] the meadows roughen, grow gutteral / with goldenrod, milkweed's late-summer lilac, / cat-tails, the wild lily brazening, / dooryards overflowing in late, rough-headed bloom: [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn a brass color."
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To turn a brass color."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1656, John Trapp, “A Commentary or Exposition upon the Gospel According to St. Matthew”, in A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the New Testament. […], 2nd enlarged edition, London: Printed by R. W. and are to be sold by Nath. Ekins, […], →OCLC, page 274",
"text": "And though the word doth eat up all they can ſay, as Moſes rod did: yet they harden their hearts with Pharaoh, they brazen their brows with him in the text, that ſaid I will not: Nay ſaid the Iſraelites, but we will have a King. [Commentary on Matthew 21:29.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1832 November, “Noctes Ambrosianæ. No. LXIV.”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume XXXII, number CCI, Edinburgh: William Blackwood, […]; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 870",
"text": "His impudence is only less than his ignorance, in referring his questioner to [John] Milton, in proof of the scriptural angels being celestial women. That gentleman mildly remarks, \"Milton's angels are not Ladies.\" Instead of blushing, he brazens it out, and replies, \"No—but some scriptural angels are Ladies—I believe\"—shewing that he is as ignorant of his Bible as of Milton.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1949, Robert Graves, “Modernist Poetry (with Laura Riding, 1926)”, in The Common Asphodel, Collected Essays on Poetry, 1922–1949, London: Hamish Hamilton, →OCLC, page 151",
"text": "[T]he historically minded modernist poet is uncertain whether there is any excuse at all for the existence of poets. He brazens out the dilemma by making cruel jokes at his own expense—jokes which he expects no one to see or to laugh at if seen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Jennifer Brice, “Blue Storm”, in Unlearning to Fly, Lincoln, Neb.: University of Nebraska Press, page 169",
"text": "[...] I've come to rely on a mental technique that I call powering through. [...] It's equivalent to brazening out an awkward social situation—accidentally squeezing the butt of a stranger wearing the same costume as your boyfriend at a Halloween party, say. Powering through or brazening out is almost always what I end up doing, but only after stifling my initial impulse to surrender or sink through the floor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Charles W. Sasser, God in the Foxhole: Inspiring True Stories of Miracles on the Battlefield, New York, N.Y.: Threshold Editions, Simon & Schuster",
"text": "The drivers of the 507s Lost Convoy knew they were in a world of deep fecal matter. Could they brazen a path through the city once more and pick up Route Blue on the other side? Or would this morning's chain of unfortunate events finally catch up with them?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Generally followed by out or through: to carry through in a brazen manner; to act boldly despite embarrassment, risk, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"out",
"out#English"
],
[
"through",
"through#English"
],
[
"boldly",
"boldly"
],
[
"embarrassment",
"embarrassment"
],
[
"risk",
"risk#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) Generally followed by out or through: to carry through in a brazen manner; to act boldly despite embarrassment, risk, etc."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪzən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪzən"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-brazen.opus",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-brazen.opus/En-uk-brazen.opus.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg/En-us-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-brazen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg/En-au-brazen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-au-brazen.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "brāzʹn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brasen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "sich durchsetzen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "poltern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "mutig durchstehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "großspurig handeln"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to act [boldly] despite [embarrassment]",
"word": "ignorare sfacciatamente"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ashanti Region",
"Ashantiland",
"brazen"
],
"word": "brazen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.