See bacterium in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bacterium meaning in English (19.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "bactērium"
},
"expansion": "New Latin bactērium",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "βακτήριον",
"4": "",
"5": "small staff"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βακτηρία"
},
"expansion": "βακτηρία (baktēría)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From New Latin bactērium, from Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”), from βακτηρία (baktēría).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bacteria",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bacteriums",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"plural",
"possibly",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bacteria",
"2": "+",
"pl2qual": "uncommon, possibly nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "bacterium (plural bacteria or (uncommon, possibly nonstandard) bacteriums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Georgian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Microbiology",
"orig": "en:Microbiology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "archaebacterium"
},
{
"word": "archebacterium"
},
{
"word": "bacterial"
},
{
"word": "bacteriologist"
},
{
"word": "bacteriology"
},
{
"word": "blue-green bacterium"
},
{
"word": "cyanobacterium"
},
{
"word": "eubacterium"
},
{
"word": "Hansen's bacterium"
},
{
"word": "iron bacterium"
},
{
"word": "microbacterium"
},
{
"word": "mycobacterium"
},
{
"word": "nanobacterium"
},
{
"word": "sulfur bacterium"
},
{
"word": "sulphur bacterium"
},
{
"word": "urobacterium"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A single-celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "prokaryote"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "microorganism"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "bacillus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "lactobacillus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "ascococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "cryptococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "cytococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "diplococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "echinococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "enterococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "gonococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "meningococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "micrococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "ovococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "pneumococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "protococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "spermococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "spirochete"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "staphylococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "streptococcus"
}
],
"id": "en-bacterium-en-noun-G8abvoJ4",
"links": [
[
"microbiology",
"microbiology"
],
[
"single-celled",
"single-celled"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"cell wall",
"cell wall"
],
[
"nucleus",
"nucleus"
],
[
"organelles",
"organelles"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(microbiology) A single-celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bacillus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "-coccus"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "bacterium"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakter"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jurṯūma",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جُرْثُومَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "bakteria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "բակտերիա"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteriya"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "baktéryja",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бактэ́рыя"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "bêkṭeriẏa",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ব্যাক্টেরিয়া"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "baktérija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бакте́рия"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "bakti:ri:ya:",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ဗက်တီးရီးယား"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bacteri"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "sai³ kwan²",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "细菌"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "细菌"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xìjūn",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "细菌"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacterie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakter"
},
{
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterium"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteeri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bactérie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bakṭeria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ბაქტერია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bakterium"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bakterie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vaktírio",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βακτήριο"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khaydák",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חַיְדַּק \\ חידק"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvāṇu",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "जीवाणु"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kīṭāṇu",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कीटाणु"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "baikṭīriyā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बैक्टीरिया"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "baktérium"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baktería"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gerill"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteri"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "kuman"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bacterio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "batterio"
},
{
"alt": "さいきん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saikin",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bakuteria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "バクテリア"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bakteriä",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bakteerii",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "បាក់តេរី"
},
{
"alt": "細菌",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "segyun",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "세균"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bakteria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "박테리아"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "bakteriya",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "bak tē rī",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ບັກເຕຣີ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bactērium"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baktērija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakterija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bakterija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бактерија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteria"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "kuman"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "huakita"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jīvāṇū",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जीवाणू"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "njan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "нян"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bakteri",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бактери"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "niyan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "baktēri",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠪᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bactèri"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "bākterí",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "باکتري"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "bākteryā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "باکتېريا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bâkteri",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "باکتری"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakteria"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bactéria"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "añaki"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacterie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "baktɛ́rija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бакте́рия"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "jīvāṇu",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जीवाणु"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ба̀кте̄рија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "bàktērija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baktéria"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakterija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteria"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ishay"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterya"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "bakteriya",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "baqteriyä",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɛ̀k-tii-riia",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "แบคทีเรีย"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bàk-dtee-rii",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "บัคเตรี"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bàk-dtee-rii",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "บักเตรี"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteri"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteriýa"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "baktérija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бакте́рія"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "baikṭīriyā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بیکٹیریا"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "jarsūmā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَرْثُومَہ"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "baktëriye",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "باكتېرىيە"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteriya"
},
{
"alt": "微菌",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "vi khuẩn"
},
{
"alt": "微蟲",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "vi trùng"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakter"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakitéríà"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪəɹiəm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-bacterium.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-us-bacterium.ogg/En-us-bacterium.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-us-bacterium.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "bacterium"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "archaebacterium"
},
{
"word": "archebacterium"
},
{
"word": "bacterial"
},
{
"word": "bacteriologist"
},
{
"word": "bacteriology"
},
{
"word": "blue-green bacterium"
},
{
"word": "cyanobacterium"
},
{
"word": "eubacterium"
},
{
"word": "Hansen's bacterium"
},
{
"word": "iron bacterium"
},
{
"word": "microbacterium"
},
{
"word": "mycobacterium"
},
{
"word": "nanobacterium"
},
{
"word": "sulfur bacterium"
},
{
"word": "sulphur bacterium"
},
{
"word": "urobacterium"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "bactērium"
},
"expansion": "New Latin bactērium",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "βακτήριον",
"4": "",
"5": "small staff"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βακτηρία"
},
"expansion": "βακτηρία (baktēría)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From New Latin bactērium, from Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”), from βακτηρία (baktēría).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bacteria",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bacteriums",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"plural",
"possibly",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bacteria",
"2": "+",
"pl2qual": "uncommon, possibly nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "bacterium (plural bacteria or (uncommon, possibly nonstandard) bacteriums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "prokaryote"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "microorganism"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "bacillus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "lactobacillus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "ascococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "cryptococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "cytococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "diplococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "echinococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "enterococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "gonococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "meningococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "micrococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "ovococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "pneumococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "protococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "spermococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "spirochete"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "staphylococcus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "streptococcus"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bacillus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "-coccus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English 4-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"Georgian terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for review of Amharic translations",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Armenian translations",
"Requests for review of Assamese translations",
"Requests for review of Breton translations",
"Requests for review of Erzya translations",
"Requests for review of Greenlandic translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Khmer translations",
"Requests for review of Lao translations",
"Requests for review of Navajo translations",
"Requests for review of Thai translations",
"Requests for review of Tibetan translations",
"Requests for review of Urdu translations",
"Requests for review of Yiddish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹiəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹiəm/4 syllables",
"Russian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"en:Microbiology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A single-celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles."
],
"links": [
[
"microbiology",
"microbiology"
],
[
"single-celled",
"single-celled"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"cell wall",
"cell wall"
],
[
"nucleus",
"nucleus"
],
[
"organelles",
"organelles"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(microbiology) A single-celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪəɹiəm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-bacterium.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-us-bacterium.ogg/En-us-bacterium.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-us-bacterium.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:bacterium",
"word": "bacterium"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakter"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jurṯūma",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جُرْثُومَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "bakteria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "բակտերիա"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteriya"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "baktéryja",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бактэ́рыя"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "bêkṭeriẏa",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ব্যাক্টেরিয়া"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "baktérija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бакте́рия"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "bakti:ri:ya:",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ဗက်တီးရီးယား"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bacteri"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "sai³ kwan²",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "细菌"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "细菌"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xìjūn",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "细菌"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacterie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakter"
},
{
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterium"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteeri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bactérie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bakṭeria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ბაქტერია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bakterium"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bakterie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vaktírio",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βακτήριο"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khaydák",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חַיְדַּק \\ חידק"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvāṇu",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "जीवाणु"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kīṭāṇu",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कीटाणु"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "baikṭīriyā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बैक्टीरिया"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "baktérium"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baktería"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gerill"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteri"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "kuman"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bacterio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "batterio"
},
{
"alt": "さいきん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saikin",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "細菌"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bakuteria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "バクテリア"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bakteriä",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bakteerii",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "បាក់តេរី"
},
{
"alt": "細菌",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "segyun",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "세균"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bakteria",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "박테리아"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "bakteriya",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "bak tē rī",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ບັກເຕຣີ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bactērium"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baktērija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakterija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bakterija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бактерија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteria"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "kuman"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "huakita"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jīvāṇū",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जीवाणू"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "njan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "нян"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bakteri",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бактери"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "niyan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "baktēri",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠪᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bactèri"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "bākterí",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "باکتري"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "bākteryā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "باکتېريا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bâkteri",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "باکتری"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakteria"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bactéria"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "añaki"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacterie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "baktɛ́rija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бакте́рия"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "jīvāṇu",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जीवाणु"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ба̀кте̄рија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "bàktērija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baktéria"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bakterija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bacteria"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteria"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bakterie"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "ishay"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakterya"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "bakteriya",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "baqteriyä",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "бактерия"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɛ̀k-tii-riia",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "แบคทีเรีย"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bàk-dtee-rii",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "บัคเตรี"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bàk-dtee-rii",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "บักเตรี"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteri"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteriýa"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "baktérija",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бакте́рія"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "baikṭīriyā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بیکٹیریا"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "jarsūmā",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَرْثُومَہ"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "baktëriye",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "باكتېرىيە"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakteriya"
},
{
"alt": "微菌",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "vi khuẩn"
},
{
"alt": "微蟲",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "vi trùng"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakter"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles",
"word": "bakitéríà"
}
],
"word": "bacterium"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": sè-khún, suè-khún vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"bacterium"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bacterium",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.