"鞏固" meaning in Chinese

See 鞏固 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/, /kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/, /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/, /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/, /kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/, /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/ Chinese transliterations: gǒnggù [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄍㄨㄥˇ ㄍㄨˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gung² gu³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khióng-kò͘, kióng-kò͘, gǒnggù [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], gǒnggù [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kung³-ku⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], gǔng-gù [Mandarin, Yale], goongguh [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], гунгу [Mandarin, Palladius], gungu [Mandarin, Palladius], gúng gu [Cantonese, Yale], gung² gu³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gung² gu³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khióng-kò͘ [Hokkien, POJ], khióng-kòo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qiofngkox [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kióng-kò͘ [Hokkien, POJ], kióng-kòo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kiofngkox [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun] Forms: 巩固
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 鞏固
  1. (usually of abstract concepts) solid; stable; consolidated; strong Tags: usually
    Sense id: en-鞏固-zh-adj-F64M5Elf Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 66 34 Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 82 18 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 64 36 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 81 19 Synonyms: 堅固 (jiāngù), 坚固 (jiāngù), 堅實 (jiānshí), 坚实 (jiānshí), 堅硬 (jiānyìng), 坚硬 (jiānyìng), 扎實, 深厚 (shēnhòu) (english: of foundations) [figuratively], (láo), 牢固 (láogù), 牢牢 (láoláo), 牢靠 (láokào), (cí), 穩固 (wěngù), 稳固 (wěngù), 結實, 结实, 緊實 (jǐnshí), 紧实 (jǐnshí), (gǒng) [in-compounds, literary], (gǒng) [in-compounds, literary]

Verb

IPA: /kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/, /kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/, /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/, /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/, /kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/, /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/ Chinese transliterations: gǒnggù [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄍㄨㄥˇ ㄍㄨˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gung² gu³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khióng-kò͘, kióng-kò͘, gǒnggù [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], gǒnggù [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kung³-ku⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], gǔng-gù [Mandarin, Yale], goongguh [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], гунгу [Mandarin, Palladius], gungu [Mandarin, Palladius], gúng gu [Cantonese, Yale], gung² gu³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gung² gu³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khióng-kò͘ [Hokkien, POJ], khióng-kòo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qiofngkox [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kióng-kò͘ [Hokkien, POJ], kióng-kòo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kiofngkox [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun] Forms: 巩固
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 鞏固
  1. to consolidate; to strengthen; to solidify
    Sense id: en-鞏固-zh-verb-AQctLnhF Synonyms: 充實 (chōngshí), 充实 (chōngshí), 加固 (jiāgù), 加強 (jiāqiáng), 加强 (jiāqiáng), 堅定 (jiāndìng), 坚定 (jiāndìng), 增強 (zēngqiáng), 增强 (zēngqiáng), , , 壯大 (zhuàngdà), 壮大 (zhuàngdà), 強化 (qiánghuà), 强化 (qiánghuà)
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "巩固",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "鞏固",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "66 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "solid; stable; consolidated; strong"
      ],
      "id": "en-鞏固-zh-adj-F64M5Elf",
      "links": [
        [
          "solid",
          "solid"
        ],
        [
          "stable",
          "stable"
        ],
        [
          "consolidated",
          "consolidated"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually of abstract concepts) solid; stable; consolidated; strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of abstract concepts"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "jiāngù",
          "word": "堅固"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāngù",
          "word": "坚固"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānshí",
          "word": "堅實"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānshí",
          "word": "坚实"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānyìng",
          "word": "堅硬"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiānyìng",
          "word": "坚硬"
        },
        {
          "word": "扎實"
        },
        {
          "english": "of foundations",
          "roman": "shēnhòu",
          "tags": [
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "深厚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "láo",
          "word": "牢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "láogù",
          "word": "牢固"
        },
        {
          "roman": "láoláo",
          "word": "牢牢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "láokào",
          "word": "牢靠"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cí",
          "word": "瓷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "wěngù",
          "word": "穩固"
        },
        {
          "roman": "wěngù",
          "word": "稳固"
        },
        {
          "word": "結實"
        },
        {
          "word": "结实"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǐnshí",
          "word": "緊實"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǐnshí",
          "word": "紧实"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gǒng",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "鞏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gǒng",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "巩"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung³-ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǔng-gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goongguh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунгу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gungu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gúng gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鞏固"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "巩固",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "鞏固",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "You should all do more revision to consolidate what you've learnt.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Wèile gǒnggù xué guò de zhīshí, nǐmen yīdìng yào duō zuò liànxí.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "為了鞏固學過的知識,你們一定要多做練習。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "You should all do more revision to consolidate what you've learnt.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Wèile gǒnggù xué guò de zhīshí, nǐmen yīdìng yào duō zuò liànxí.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "为了巩固学过的知识,你们一定要多做练习。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to consolidate; to strengthen; to solidify"
      ],
      "id": "en-鞏固-zh-verb-AQctLnhF",
      "links": [
        [
          "consolidate",
          "consolidate"
        ],
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "solidify",
          "solidify"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "chōngshí",
          "word": "充實"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chōngshí",
          "word": "充实"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāgù",
          "word": "加固"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāqiáng",
          "word": "加強"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāqiáng",
          "word": "加强"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāndìng",
          "word": "堅定"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāndìng",
          "word": "坚定"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zēngqiáng",
          "word": "增強"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zēngqiáng",
          "word": "增强"
        },
        {
          "word": "壯"
        },
        {
          "word": "壮"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhuàngdà",
          "word": "壯大"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhuàngdà",
          "word": "壮大"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiánghuà",
          "word": "強化"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiánghuà",
          "word": "强化"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung³-ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǔng-gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goongguh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунгу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gungu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gúng gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鞏固"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 固",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 鞏",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "巩固",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "鞏固",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "solid; stable; consolidated; strong"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "solid",
          "solid"
        ],
        [
          "stable",
          "stable"
        ],
        [
          "consolidated",
          "consolidated"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually of abstract concepts) solid; stable; consolidated; strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of abstract concepts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung³-ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǔng-gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goongguh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунгу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gungu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gúng gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jiāngù",
      "word": "堅固"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāngù",
      "word": "坚固"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānshí",
      "word": "堅實"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānshí",
      "word": "坚实"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānyìng",
      "word": "堅硬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānyìng",
      "word": "坚硬"
    },
    {
      "word": "扎實"
    },
    {
      "english": "of foundations",
      "roman": "shēnhòu",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "深厚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "láo",
      "word": "牢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "láogù",
      "word": "牢固"
    },
    {
      "roman": "láoláo",
      "word": "牢牢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "láokào",
      "word": "牢靠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cí",
      "word": "瓷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wěngù",
      "word": "穩固"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wěngù",
      "word": "稳固"
    },
    {
      "word": "結實"
    },
    {
      "word": "结实"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnshí",
      "word": "緊實"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnshí",
      "word": "紧实"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gǒng",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "鞏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gǒng",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "巩"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鞏固"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 固",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 鞏",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "巩固",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "鞏固",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "You should all do more revision to consolidate what you've learnt.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Wèile gǒnggù xué guò de zhīshí, nǐmen yīdìng yào duō zuò liànxí.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "為了鞏固學過的知識,你們一定要多做練習。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "You should all do more revision to consolidate what you've learnt.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Wèile gǒnggù xué guò de zhīshí, nǐmen yīdìng yào duō zuò liànxí.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "为了巩固学过的知识,你们一定要多做练习。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to consolidate; to strengthen; to solidify"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "consolidate",
          "consolidate"
        ],
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "solidify",
          "solidify"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǒnggù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung³-ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gǔng-gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goongguh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунгу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gungu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gúng gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung² gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kióng-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiofngkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵ kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "chōngshí",
      "word": "充實"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chōngshí",
      "word": "充实"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāgù",
      "word": "加固"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāqiáng",
      "word": "加強"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāqiáng",
      "word": "加强"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāndìng",
      "word": "堅定"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāndìng",
      "word": "坚定"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zēngqiáng",
      "word": "增強"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zēngqiáng",
      "word": "增强"
    },
    {
      "word": "壯"
    },
    {
      "word": "壮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhuàngdà",
      "word": "壯大"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhuàngdà",
      "word": "壮大"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánghuà",
      "word": "強化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánghuà",
      "word": "强化"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鞏固"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 鞏固 meaning in Chinese (7.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "鞏固"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "鞏固",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "鞏固"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "鞏固",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "鞏固"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "鞏固",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "鞏固"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "鞏固",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%A0%85%E5%9B%BA'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "鞏固"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "鞏固",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%8A%A0%E5%BC%B7'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "鞏固"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "鞏固",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.